
DIV. Hi-- 


REPORT No. 16 JULY, 1925 


527 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 

A64T13 

pt.4 GOVERNMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE 

ENT 


FORMOSA, JAPAN 

Kintaro Oshima, Director 


APHIDIDAE OF FORMOSA 


PART 4 


BY 


RYOICHI TAKAHASHI 


PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE 
TAIHOKU, FORMOSA 


MJ1B 


piV.lKSEUi 


DIV, H~- 


REPORT No. 16 


JULY, 1925 


QL 
527 

A64T13 
pt .4 
ENT 


DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 

GOVERNMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE 

FORMOSA, JAPAN 

Kintaro Oshima, Director 


APHIDIDAE OF FORMOSA 


PART 4 


BY 


RYOICHI TAKAIIASHI 


PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE 
TAIHOKU, FORMOSA 


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('(intents 

Page 

Introduction 1 

Natural enemies of Aphididae 3 

Some Formosan Aphididae 9 

Field (diservations on some Aphididae in Formosa (supplement) 56 

Food plant catalogue of the Formosan Aphididae (supplement 2) 59 

General consideration on the Formosan Aphididae 64 

Plates 
Index 


APHIDIDAE OF FORMOSA— 4. 

By 

Ryoichi Takahashi 


Introduction 


In the present paper, I consider the natural enemies of Aphididae and also 

record for the first time thirty-nine species of the family from our island. At 
present, 181 species of these insects are known to occur in Formosa, of which 
142 have already been recorded in the former reports. 

List of species added to the fauna of Formosa 

in the present paper. 
Macro*! [ilium rosaefolium Theoh. 


M. 


itnc II. Sp. 


31. 


species. 


M. 


specif*. 


31. 


species. 


Myzus 


sdkurae Mats. ! J 


M. 


montamis n. sp. 


31. 


species. 


31. 


species. 


Capitopliovus 


species. 


Matsumuraja 


formosana n. sp. 


Amphorophora vibumi n. sp. 


A. 


Jcatoi n. sp. 


A. 


species. 


Gavariella 


japonica Essig et Kuw. 


Toxoptera 


scirpi Pass. 


Greenidea 


leuwanai Perg. 


G. 


musliana n. sp. 


G. 


tattakana n. sp. 


G. 


myricae n. sp. 


G. 


ma inji '/'erne n. sp. 


R. Takahasln 


G. 

Myzocattis 

M. 

Dilacknus 

J). 

J). 

Lachnus 

Stomaphis 

Anoecia 

Oregma 

0. 


species. 

mushensis n. sp. 
sasae Mats. ? 
orientalis n. sp. 
tahoanus n. sp. 
liquidambarits n. sp. 
niita/cayd mi nsis l). sp. 
liquidambarus n. sp. 
spe< ?es. 

nnnituitii vail der Gout. ? 

tattakana n. sp. 

Ceratoglyphina bambusae \. d. Goot. 

Cerataphis bambiisifotiae n. sp. 

Aleurodaphis mikaniae n. sp. 

Astegopteryx cuspidatae Kssig et Kuw. 

./. species. 

Formosaphis a. g. micheliae n. sp. 

T< frmii iint ? species. 
The type specimens are preserved in the entomological laboratory of this 
Institute. All the figures accompanying this report were mail' by the author. 
The results of further studies will be published in certain journals in Japan or 
other countries. 

The author expresses his appreciation of the kind help extended by Dr. 
T. Shiraki, Chief of the Section of'Economic Zoology, during the course of the 
work. Grateful acknowledgement is due to Prof. Dr. C. P. Alexander of the 
Massachusetts Agricultural College of the United States of America, who kindly 
corrected many errors in English in the manuscript of this paper. The author 
must also expi-ess his sincere gratitude to Prof. H. Yuasa of the Kyoto Imperial 
University for the privilege of using his private literature, and to Drs. L. 0. 
Howard and A. B. Gahan of the Bureau of Entomology in Washington for their 
kindness in identifying parasitic Hymenoptera. The author's thanks are dm 
Messrs. J. Sonan and 11. Ivato for the valuable specimens presented to him. 
Lastly, but in no less degree, the author wishes to express bis thanks to the. 
Hon. Prof. Dr. K. Oshima, Director of the Department of Agriculture, fa- his 
kindness in publishing this paper. 


Aplmlidae of Formosa — 4. 3 

Natural enemies of Aphididae 

The colonies of Aphididae are frequented by various Arthropods, mostly 
insects, in addition to those which are parasitic or prey upon them. The visitors 
and intruders of the aphid colonies, as well as insects living with the aphids, 
may lie arranged in the following categories: 

(1) Insects which are parasitic or feed on Aphididae. 

(2) Insects which eat the excrements or honeydew of Aphididae. 

Many Formicidae, Apis and some other Hymenoptera, many Diptera. and 
a few Coleoptera (Nitidulidae) vistit the aphid colonies in search of this liquid. 
They also visit certain Coccidae, Chermidae, Oicadellidae and Fulgoridae for tin- 
same purpose. According to Pittioni (Rev. App. Ent., A, si, pt. 11. p. 508) 
many Noctuid moths also eat this dew. 

(3) Insects which are parasitic or feed on the direct enemies of Aphididae. 
The parasites of Syrphidae and Coccinellidae, as well as the hyperparasites 

of the aphids. are seen in the colonies. 

(4) Insects which prey upon the honey-dew-eaters. 

Some Mantidae and spiders sometimes catch certain Diptera and other 
honey-dew-eaters. They also destroy the aphids. 

(5) Insects which are inhabiting the same hosts as those of the aphids. 
Certain Coccidae and Chermidae are sometimes found associating with the aphids. 
This depends largely on the host plant. The apterous forms of SMvaphis celti 
Uas are sometime- found under the webs of Caecilius anntdicornis (Corrodentia) 
on the leaves of Celtis, as already recorded in my paper on the biology of 
Corrodentia (Dobutsugaku Zasshi, Tokyo, xxxm, 392, pp. 173-lfc'O). Two or 
more species of aphids on the same host are sometimes found together, as already 
mentioned in my paper, Aphididae of Formosa, part 2. 

(G) Insects in the nests of which Aphididae are found. 

Oregma bambicsicoia Takah. is sometimes found in the nests of Capriterm.es 
nitobei Shirald (Aphididae of Formosa, part 2. p. 143). Termitaphis Wasm. 
first retiered to Aphididae, inhabiting the nests of Termitidae, was removed to 
Termitocoridae Silv. (Termitaphididae). 

(7) Accidental visitor-. 

The Aphididae have an extraordinarily wide range of enemies. This no 
doubt depends on the following habits and characters of thee creature-: 


4 E- Takabaslii. 

(1) The aphids arc abundant in Rpecies and individuals. 

(2) Most species an inactive or sedentary, being decidedly gregarious in 
habit, and congregate on the surface of the leaves or branches of plants. 

It is obvious that the larvae of some Diptera (Syrphidae, Leucopis, CJdoro- 
pisca, ApMdoletes) and a few Lepidoptera (Taraka Jmmada Druce, etc.) can 
capture only such inactive insects. Some Callipterina are rather sporadic, having 
a habit of jumping from the host and hence their enemies are fewer. The 
enemies of Gfreenidea seem to he very few. This is perhaps due to the rather 
active habit of this aphid. The species in galls are usually protected from 
predacious or parasitic enemies. 

(3) The aphids are mostly weak, delicate and appetizing, and any predatory 
insects or spiders are easily able to eat them. 

(4) The aphids are viviparous for a long period from spring to autumn 
(in the tropics they are viviparous throughout the year), supplying a continual 
food source for the predatory insects. Davis has found that the length of the 
various stages id' Phyllophaga has a. direct relation to the number of enemies in 
each stage (Bull. Illinois Dept. Registration and Education, Div. Nat. Hist. 
Survey, XIII, 5) 

The number of aphids in the field also depends to a great extent upon 
various inorganic influences, they being killed mechanically by rains, winds, etc. 
It is needless to say that these defenceless, delicate creitures maintain their 
existence only by the extraordinary powers of multiplication given to them by 
parthenogenesis, viviparity and rapid growth. The prominent fluctuation of the 
numbers of aphid individuals in the Held is apparently due to the two peculiar 
features rapid multiplication and defenceless characters — of these animals. 

The predominant natural enemies id' insects are always other insects. The 
aphids are subject to attacks of abundant enemies, most of which are, of course, 
insects. 

(Orthoptera) Mantidae. Oecanthus, Xiphidium, Camptonotus, etc. have been 

recorded by various investigators to eat the aphids. In Formosa. Mantidae are 
sometimes found to prey upon various species of these insects. 

(Rhynchota) The predatory specie* of Miridae, Hebridae, Reduviidae and 
Pentatomidae each are known to eat aphids. No Rhynch da have been noticed 
eating aphids in Formosa. 

(Neuroptera) The insects included in Chrysopidae and He merobiidae destroy 


Aphiilidae of Formosa 4. 5 

tlii' aphids and various other soft-bodied insects. According to Kuwayama 
(Trans. Formosan Nat. Hist. Soc, xiv, 72), thirteen species of Chrysopide arc 
known to occur in Formosa. The author has observed an adult of Mantispidae 
preying upon Phyllaphis fagifoliae Takah. at Tokyo. Kurisaki has recorded that 
some aphids on Citrus pushed their beaks into the eggs of Chrysqpa boninensis 
Okam. and C. cognata Okam. and sucked up the sap from them (Insect World, 
Gifu, xxiv. Xos. 4 and (i). Siuh a fact was also observed by Girault, according 
to whom a species of aphid on plum inserted the beaks into the eggs of the 
ladybird, Megilla maculata De Geer and sucked them dry (Ent. News. xix. 
pp. 132-13:3). 

(Lepidoptera) The larvae of Taraka Jiamada Druce (Lycaenidae) feed mi 
Oregma japonica Takah. infesting Bambusa in Japan. This butterfly is not 
found in Formosa, though many species of Oregma are common on Bambusa 
there. According to van Deventer (Handboek ten Dienste van de Suikerriet- 
cultuur en de Rietsuiker-fabricage op Java. 1906), in Java, the larvae id' Ephestia- 
cautella Hamps. (Pyralidae) devour Oregma lanigera Zehnt. on the sugar-cane. 
In Formosa also, this moth is said to feed on this Oregma and I have observed 
numerous larvae of Ephestia cautella? in a colony of Oregma bambusicola Takah. 
at Taihoku. 

(Diptera) Tin- larvae of Chlorqpisca (Oscinidae), Leucopis ( Agronryzidae) 
and Aphidoletes (Cecidomyiidae), as well as of many Syrphidae, are known to 
he aphidovorous. Grt enidea and most Gallipterina are usually free from the 
attacks of these flies. 

(Coleoptera) Lebia (Carabidae) is said to destroy the aphids. Podabrus 
and other Telephoridae prey upon these insects. I have observed an adult of 
Idgia flavocollis It. feeding on 3faerosiphum gobonis Mats, and another specie-; 
of the same family on Oregma bambusifoliae Takah. at Taihoku, and many 
adults of Podabrus sp devouring Oregma montana van der Goot ? at Sakuraonsen 
in Taichu-prefecture in May 1924. The larvae and adults of many Coccinellidae 
which voraciously devour various soft-bodied insects rind their most ordinary and 
suitable food in the aphids. In Formosa I have collected the following aphido- 
phagoua ( loccinellidae : 

Coelophora biplagiata Swartz feeding on Macrosiphum formosanum Takah . 
31. gobonis Mats., RhopcdosipJium pseudobrassicae Davis. Aphis gossypii Glow, 
A. medicaginis Koch. A. pomi De Geer, -/. saliceti Kalt., Brachysiphoniella 


E. Takahashi. 


;, "mini Takah., SMvaphis cettiD&s, NeophyUaphis podocarpi Talcali., Phyllaphoides 
bambusicola Talcali.. Etdachmcs pini/ormosanus Takah., Oregma lanigera Zehnt., 
0. bambusifoliae Takah.. 0. bambusicola Takah.. Astegopteryx fici Takah., A. 
ij n rcicola Takah.. etc. 

Alesia discolor Fab. feeding on Macrosiphum formosanum Takah., 31. 
formosartemisiae Takah. and NeophyUaphis podocarpi Takah. 

Chilomenes 6-maculata Fab. feeding on Macrosiphum formosanum Takah. 

Aspidimerus orbicularis (nil. feeding on Aphis gossypii Glov. and SMvaphis 
< , Hi Das. 

CoccineUa sp. feeding mi Macrosiphum gobonis Mats. 

Coccinella 1-punctata L. feeding on Macrosiphum gobonis Mats, and 
Rhopjlosiphum "pseudolrrassicae Davis. 

Leis Ib-m.aculata Hope feeding on NeophyUaphis podocarpi Takah. 

Propylea conglobata L. feeding on Aphis gossypii Glov.. Macrosiphum 
: rmosanum Takah.. J/, gobonis Mats., etc. 

Synonycha grandis Thunb. feeding on .IjJ/is saliceti Kalt , Oregma lanigera 
Z -hut. and bambusicola Takah. This and Scymnus sp. are the most effective 
enemies of Oregma lanigera. 

Scymnus sp>. feeding on Aphis gossypii Glov. and Oregma lanigera' Zehnt. 

Scymnus sp. feeding on Macrosiphum gobonis Mats, and Aphis malvoides 
\. d. Goot. 

It is a very interesting fact, moreover, that these beetles sometimes eat 
c srtain fungi and pollen. 

(Hv noptera) Some fossorial' wasps an- known to eat the aphids, though 

ha never hern observed in our island. Each of the families Braconidae, 
Chalcididae, Proctotrupidae, etc. includes many aphid-parasites. According to 
i Deventer, Oregma lanigera is parasitized by Encarsia jlavoscutellum Zehnt. 
Java, but in Formosa, so far as I know, there are no Hymenoptera parasitic 
upon tin- aphis nor on other species of Oregma. The parasites of the 
Callipterina in our island have likewise never been discovered, and those of 
lidea i m to be quite scarce, only a few specimens having been collected. 
The egg-parasites of the family are extremely scarce. In Formosa almost all 
the species of thee insect; are viviparous throughout the year, no egg-parasites 
having In en observed. The winged viviparous females of Macrosiphum formosanum 
Takah. Miinel'ie. become brachypterous forms, when they are parasitized by a 


vai 

i 


ApMdidae of Formosa. — 4. 7 

Hynienopteran in the nymphal stage, as recorded in my former paper, Aphidida - 
of Formosa, part 2 (p. 75). Rockwood observed that an Aphelinus fed on the 
juices at the wound made by the ovipositor on the body of an aphis (Jl. Econ. 
Ent.. x. p. 415). 

In Formosa I have collected the following aphid-parasites which were 
kindly identified by Dr. A. B. Gahan of the Bureau of Entomology at Washington 
(through Shiraki and Howard): 

Braconidae 

Parasite Host 

f Macrosiphum neoarlemisiae Takah. 

Lysiphlebus Japonicus Ashm < 

( Toxoptera auraatii Boyer. 

( <iii i niilru ficicola Takah. 

Diaeretus nipponensis \ ii-r •! 

I Iihopalosiphum psi udobrassicae Davis. 

Trioxys sp Macrosiphum citricola v. d. Groot. 

Trloxys */> tphis gossypii Glov. 

L. 

ella gramini Takah. 

Aphidius sp Dilachmis pinifoi-mosanus Takah. 

Aphidius sp Macrosiphum formosartemisiae Takah. 

Aphidius sp Unilachnus oriental-is Takah. 

- Iphidius sp Macrosiphum granarium Takah. 

Aphidius ervi Hal Macrosiphum sp. on Rubtis sp. 

Aphidius sp Macrosipnum tanacetarium Koch. 

1'k a m sp Macvosiphitm formosan win Takah. 

Chalcididae 

, tphelinus sp Macrosiphum fornvosonum Takah. 

Aphelinus sp tphis rumicis L. 

Pachyneuron siphonophorae Ashm. Macrosiphum formosanum Takah. 

Proctotrupidae 

Lygocerus sp ( 'avariella neocaprea< Takah. 

Lygocerus sp MacrosipMcm alopocuri Takah. 

(Other animals) According to a paper by Davis (Psyche xxiri, p. 36), tl ■ 


( . [phis rumicis 

Ephedrus japonicua Ashm < 

( Brachysipliomei 


g R. Takahaslii. 

subterranean forms of 'Drama and Anoetiia are rarely parasitized l>y nematodes. 
Various spiders and mites destroy large numbers of the aphids. In Formosa a 
red mite is rather commonly found on Macrosiphum formosanum Takah., M. 
gobonis Mats., M. formosartemisiae Takah.. Aphis medicaginis Koch, Aphis 
malvoides van der Goot, Shivaphis celti Das, Neophyllaphis podocarpi Takah., 
Parucletus cynodonti Das, etc. 

Poultry, sparrows and perhaps many other wild birds devour various aphids 
in Formosa. The long-eared bat is reported by Theobald to eat Aphis abietinus 
Wlk. in England (Ann. App. Biol., 1, 1, pp. 2:V2(3). 

(Fungi) Several species of Entomophthora or Empusa have been recorded 
as being parasitic upon the aphids. In Formosa it is not uncommon to find a 
tield in which fifty or more per cent of the viviparous females of Rhopalosiphum 
pseudobrassieae Davis have been killed by a fungous disease. Numerous 
viviparous females of Myzus momonis Mats, killed by a fungus were observed at 
Sakuraonsen in Taichu-prefecture in May 1924. According to Lyle (Entomologist, 
Li, pp. 227-229), Cordyceps sometimes attacks the cocoons of Braconidae firmly 
affixed to the leaves beneath the bodies of the aphids. 

The practical use of the insect enemies of the aphids has been undertaken 
in some countries in recent years. According to Sundberg and Pelufib (Rev. 
App. Ent., A. x, pp. 22b'-227), Aphelinus malt, the parasite of Eriosoma lanigera 
Hausm., was imported into Uruguay from North America and has become 
established there. This parasite was also introduced into New Zealand (Tillyard, 
X. Z. Jl. Agric, xxni. pp. 7-19) and Germany (Meyer, Rev. App. Ent,, A, 
xn, p. 145). Weise reported that ' Hippodamia convergent (Coccinellidae) was 
imported into France from the United States of America to check aphids on 
fruit trees ( Wien. Ent. Ztg , x xxix, p. 104). As no parasites of the sugar-cane 
aphid. Oregma lanigera Zehnt., are found in Formosa, it is very desirable to 
import Encarsia flavoscutellum Zehnt., the parasite of the aphis, from Java, a 
plan that Mr. M. Ishida is now trying out. It is also very desirable to import 
Aphelinus modi into Honshu and Hokkaido from North America to check Eriosoma 
lanigera Hausm., since no parasites of this pest have ever been found in Japan. 


Apliitlulae of Formosa 4. f) 

SOME FORMOSAN APH1DIDAE 

Macrosiphum sp. 

An apterous form parasited by ;i Hymenoptera was observed by the author 
at Tattaka in Taiclm-prefecture, Formosa, in May 1924. 
Hoct — Le.spedeza sp. 
Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

Macrosiphum rosaefolium Tl b. 

(Pi. 1. B, figs. 1-2). 

Bull. Ent. Research, vi, pt. 2, p. 109 (1915). 

Wingless viviparous female 

Green. Cornicles greenish, with the tips somewhat dusky. Cauda greenish. 
In a specimen treated with caustic potash, antennae almost dusky, paler at the 
base of the 3rd joint; apices of femora and tibiae, and tarsi dusky. Body 
without distinct hairs. Head with a short wide tubercle at the middle of the 
front, provided with a few very small hairs on the dorsum. Frontal tubercles 
distinct, moderately convex on the inner side Antennae almost as long as the 
body, imbricated, provided with a few very small hairs ; the 1st joint somewhat 
convex on the inner side; the 3rd furnished with 8 or II small circular sensoria 
arranged in one single row almost over the basal three-fifths; the 4th without 
sensoria: the relative length of joints about as follows: [11-136, IV-95, V-78, 
VI-132 (32+100). Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae. Abdomen 
furnished with a few short setae. Cornicles long, rather slender. Cylindrical, 
somewhat expanded toward the base, not dilated at the base, slightly or scarcely 
curved, imbricated, not reticulated, about 1.5 times as long as the cauda, almost 
as long as the 3rd antennal joint. Cauda long, stouter than the cornicle, very 
slightly shorter than the 4th antennal joint, provided with 2 pairs of lateral 
bristles and a much shorter bristle near the tip. Legs long and slender: tibiae 
stouter than the 3rd antennal joints, but more slender than the cornicle, with 
many moderately long setae: front tibiae much longer than the cornicle; hind 
tarsi almost as long as the basal part of the last antennal joint. 

Length of body-about 2.3 mm. (not including the length of cauda). 

Antennae — about 2.4 mm. Cornicle — about 0.65 mm. 

Host — Rosa sp. 


]() B. Takahaslii. 

Distribution— Formosa : Tattaka (altitude about 7330 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture; Africa: Java. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

An apterous female was collected by the author on May 17. 1924. The 
specimen differs from the original description in some characters, hut seems to 
be identical with this speeies. 

Macrosiphum sp. 

Winged viviparous female 

Yellow. Head provided with some rather long not knobbed setae. Frontal 
tubercles large, somewhat convex on the inner side. Antennae provided with 
Minie lather long not knobbed setae: the 1st joint much larger than the "2nd: 
the 3rd stout, a little imbricated on the basal portion, provided with 23 or 24 
rather large, not protuberant, circular sensoria scattered over the whole length; 
the 4th not imbricated, furnished with 0-2 circular sensoria : the oth slightly 
imbricated; the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-140, IV-100. 
V-80, VI-149, (22+127). Wings somewhat elouded alone- the 1st and 2nd 
obliques; veins rather stout; the 1st oblique on the front wine almost straight : 
the 2nd somewhat curved: the 3rd twice forked, the upper branch extending to 
the tip <>f the wing: stigmatic vein rather strongly curved: hind wings with 2 
parallel obliques; booklets 3. Cornicles long, cylindrical, very slightly expanded 
toward the base, quite slightly dilated near the apex, imbricated, scarcely 
reticulated at the tip. almost as stout as the hind tibia, almost as long as the 
4th antenna] joint. Legs long ; tibiae almost as stout as the 3rd antenna! joint, 
provided with many lone' stout setae which are not capitate; bind tarsi slightly 
longer than the basal portion of the last antenna] joint. 

Length of body — about 2.'' mm. Antenna — about 2.0 mm. 

Fore wing — about 3.5 mm. Cornicle — about 0.6 mm. 

1 lest. — Petasites triclwlobus. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Sankakuho (altitude about 7500 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. A specimen was collected by the author 
on May ID. 1!)24. As the description of M. petasites Mats. (.11. Agr. Coll. Sapporo. 
vii, pt. 6, p. :)!)4) is very brief and my specimen is in a poor condition, the 
identification i< impossible. 


Aphiiliilae of Formosa — 4. J I 

Macrosiphum sp. 

Wingless viviparous female 

Brownish black. Antennae, cornicles and cauda black. Distal portions of 
femora, bases and apices of tibiae, and tarsi black. Body oval. Head provided 
with some long stout hairs that are shorter than the 2nd antennal joint. 
Frontal tubercles large, stout, as long as the 2nd antennal joint, straight on the 
inner side. Antennae provided with some rather long scarcely knobbed setae 
that are shorter than those on the head; the 1st joint much larger than the 
2nd, somewhat angulated on the inner side; the 3rd rather stout, not imbricated, 
furnished with from L5-19 very small protuberant circular sensoria scattered 
ever the basal half: the 4th striate without sensoria: the 5th with the apical 
sensorium small, distinctly protuberant; the relative length of joints about as 
follows: III-125, IV-95, V-74, VI-:iO+ ? Rostrum reaching tin- middle coxae. 
Abdominal segments each on the dorsum furnished with sonic long stout liristles 
arranged in a transverse row. 'flic hairs on the abdomen almost as long as those 
on the head, arising from very small tubercles. Cornicles large, stout, gradually 
expanded toward the base, not dilated at the base, sometimes slightly curved, 
imbricated, reticulated on about the distal one-third, much stouter than the 
cauda, a little longer than the 3rd antennal joint, about 1.6 times as long as 
the cauda. Cauda long, slender, with some very long liristles. Legs very long, 
provided with many long very stout setae: tibiae stouter than the 3rd antennal 
joint; hind tarsi shorter than tin' basal part of the last antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 2.1! mm. Antenna — ? 

Cornicle — about 0.7 mm. 

Host. — Solidago virga-aurea, Lactuca oldhami. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Sankakuho (altitude about 7500 feet) ami Tattaka 
(altitude about 7300 feet) in Taichu-prefecture. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. A few apterous forms were collected 
by the author in May, 1024. 

Macrosiphum itoe a. sp. 

(PI. LA. figs. 1-5) 
Wingless viviparous female 
Dark green, sometimes brownish. In specimens treated with caustic potash, 


|0 E. TaMiashi. 

antennae dusky on the distal half, cornicles dark brown, legs and cauda not 
black, in some specimens body with many large and small brownish patches on 
the dorsum. Body oval. Head furnished with S moderately long stiff setae on 
the dorsum, distinctly protruding and furnished with a pair of longer setae at 
the middle of the front. Frontal tubercles large, almost as long as the 2nd 
antenna] joint, the inner side somewhat convex, furnished with 2 setae. Eyes 
protuberant. Antennae slender, with a few very short setae : the 1st joint a 
little longer and much stouter than tin- •2nd. convex on the inner side; the 3rd 
not imbricated, provided with some very short setae, without sensoria; the 4th 
somewhat imbricated, without sensoria: the relative length of joints about as 
follows: 111-74. rV-52, V-45, VI-99 (30 + 69) Rostrum reaching the middle 
or hind coxae. Abdomen furnished with a few very short setae on the dorsum. 
Cornicles rather stout, gradually expanded toward the base, not dilated at 
the base, somewhat curved, somewhat imbricated, not reticulated, almost as long 
as the 4th and oth antenna! joints taken together, about twice as long as the 
cauda. Cauda rather stout, with a slight constriction near the has.', provided 
with 3 or 4 pairs of lateral bristles. Lags slender; tibiae stouter than the 3rd 
antenna] joint, furnished with many moderately long setae ; hind tarsi somewhat 
shorter than the basal part of The last antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 1.8 mm. Antenna — about 1.3 mm. 

Cornicle — about 0.4 nun. 

Winged viviparous female 

Green. Head provided with' 8 moderately long setae on the dorsum, 
slightly protruding and furnished with a pair of longer setae at the middle of 
the front. Frontal tubercles very short, straight on the inner side. Antennae 
slender, with a few very short setae; the 1st joint slightly longer, but much 
stouter than the "2nd. convex on the inner side ; the 3rd not imbricated, provided 
with about 30 rather large or small, not protuberant, circular sensoria scattered 
over the whole length : the 4th imbricated, furnished with 1-5 similar sensoria 
arranged in a single row over the whole length : the -oth with the usal sensoriuui ; 
the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-90, IV-60, V-55, VI-107 
(30+77). Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Wings rather narrow, hyaline; 
the 1st and 2nd obliques on the front wing alaiosl straight; the 3rd twice forked, 
the upper branch extending to the apex of the wing : hind wings with 2 somewhat 


Aphididae of Formosa — 4. 13 

divergent obliques; booklets 4. Cornicles cylindrical, long, somewhat expanded 
toward the base <>n the basal half, somewhat cnaved, imbricated, aot reticulated, 
almost as long as the 3rd antenna] joint, about twice or more times as long as 
the cauda. Cauda more slender than that of the apterous form,, provided with 
I pairs ot long lateral bristles. Legs slender; tibiae almost as slender as or 
slightly stouter than the 3rd antenna] joint, provided with many rather long 
setae; hind tarsi somewhat shorter than the basal part of the last antenna! joint. 
Abdomen with a few very short setae on the dorsum. 

Length of body — about 2.0 rum. Antenna — about 2.0 mm. 

Cornicle — about 0.5 mm. Fore wing — about 3.1 mm. 

Host. — Rhododendron lasiostylwn. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Tattaka (altitude about 7300 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture. 

Some specimens wer< ilected by the author on May 17. 1924. This species 

is dedicated to the memory ot' the late ~S\r<. X. Ito. 

Myzus sp. 

(PI. 1, A. rigs. 7-9) 
Wingless viviparous female 
Dark green. Cornicles and cauda black. The 5th and 6th antenna) joints. 
femora excepting the bases, apices of tibiae, and tarsi black. Body oval, without 
prominent hairs. Head on the dorsum furnished with 8 very short setae. 
Frontal tubercles short, distinctly gibbous on the inner side. Eyes rather large. 
Antennae imbricated, provided with a few very small hairs: the 1st joint larger 
than the 2nd: the 3rd and 4th sometimes not well defined, without sensoria; 
the oth with the sensoriuni ot' medium size: the relative length of joints about 
as follows: 111-49. IV-40, V-26, VI-80 (15 + 65). Rostrum reaching a little 
beyond the middle coxae. Abdomen provided with a few very short setae 
arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum of the segment. Cornicle-' rather 
large, long, cylindrical, somewhat expanded toward the base, not dilated at the 
has.', straight, roughly imbricated, not reticulated, almost as Ion-- as the distal 
part of the last antenna] joint, a little more than twice as long as the cauda. 
Cauda large, very stout, tapering, much longer than wide, with 2 pairs. of long 
lateral bristles. Legs rather stout; tibiae stouter than the 3rd antenna! joint. 
but more slander than the cornicle, provided with many moderately long setae; 


I 4 K- Takaluishi. 

Front tibiae much longer than the cornicle; tarsi imbricated, hind tarsi slightly 
lonjjer than the 3rd antenna] joint. 

Lensth of bodv — about 1.6 mm. Antenna — about 1.15 mm. 

( Jomicle — about 0.35 nun. 

Host. — Malus formosanus, attacking the leaf. The infested leaf is rolled. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Tattaka (altitude about. 7330 feet) in Taichu- 
nrefecture. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

Some apterous tonus were collected by the author on Slay 18. 1924. 

Myzus momonis Mats. 

Aphididae of Formosa, part 2, pp. 25 and NO (1924) 

Many apterous viviparous females, which were dark green in general colour, 
were collected by the author in the rolled leaves of Prunus persica at Sakuraonsen 
and Baikei in May, 1924. The cornicles of this aphis are provided with a few 
verv short setae. These setae are removed in the figures 7. 8. 9. and 14 of the 
plate V in the farmer paper (Aphididae of Formosa, part 2). 

Myzus sp. 
Wingless viviparous female 

Dark green. Body oval, without hairs. Antennae almost as long as or 
shorter than the body, imbricated, provided with a few very short setae ; the 3rd 
joint without sensoria ; the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-65, 
1V-40. V-:;."). VT.-10G (17 + 89). Cornicles very long and slender, cylindrical, 
expanded toward the base on the basal portion, not curved, roughly imbricated. 
not reticulated, almost as long as the distal part of the last antennal joint, more 
than .", times as long as the cauda, the distal part almost as stout as the hind 
tibia. Legs very long and slender, femora imbricated, tibiae provided with some 
setae mostly on th distal half. 

Length of body — about 1.5 mm. 

1 1 1 ist . — Siegesbechii t orientalis. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Taihoku. 

Hithero unrecorded from Formosa 

Two specimens were collected on April !•">. 1.922. 


Aphididae of Formosa. — 4. lo 

Myzus sakurae Mats ? 

(PL 1. A. figs. LO-11 and PI. 1. B, figs. 3-5) 

Jl. Coll. Agric. Sapporo, vn. pt. 6, p. 403 (1917). 
Wingless viviparous female 

Yellow. Antennae yellow, with the apex of the 5th joint and the 6th 
dusky. Cornicles and cauda yellow. Legs yellow, apices of tibiae, and tarsi 
dusky. Body oval, scarcely provided with hairs. Head not smooth, provided 
with a few very short setae on the dorsal side. Frontal tubercles large, almost 
as long as the 2nd antenna! joint on the inner portion, distnetly gibbous on the 
inner side. Antennae slender, imbricated, with a few minute setae: the 1st joint 
mueh larger than the 2nd, convex on the inner side: the 3rd without sensoria; 
the 5th with the primary sensorium small: the relative length of joints about 
as follows: 111-65, IV-40, V-32, VT-92 (18 + 74). Rostrum reaching the middle 
coxae. Abdomen not reticulated on the surface, almost without hairs on the 
dorsum. Cornicles long, cylindrical, somewhat expanded on the basal portion, 
very slightly or scarcely dilated near the tip, not curved, imbricated, not 
reticulated, almost as long as the distal |>art of the last antenna] joint, more 
than twice as long as the cauda. Cauda rather large, stout, tapering, longer 
than wide, with 2 pairs of lateral bristles. Legs long and slender, tibiae almosl 
as stout as or slightly stouter than the 3rd antenna] joint, but much more slender 
than the cornicle, provided with many moderately long or rather short setae: 
front tibiae longer than the cornicle; tarsi somewhat imbricated; hind tarsi 
almost as long as the basal part of the last antenna] joint. 

Length of body — about 1.5 mm. Antenna — about 1 .5 nun. 

Cornicle — about 0.4 mm. 

Winged viviparous female 
(Colour notes from specimens preserved in alcohol). Yellow. Head dusky 
on the dorsum. Antennae blackish, paler at the base of the 3rd joint. Thorax 
black. Abdomen with 4 large dusky patches on the side and some dusky patches 
on the dorsum. Cornicles yellow. Cauda somewhat dusky. Legs pale yellowish, 
dusky on the distal halves of femora, apices of tibiae, and tarsi. Wings hyaline, 
very slightly clouded along the 1st and 2ml obliques on the front wing; stigma 
pale gray: veins brownish, the 1st and "2nd obliques darker. Head provided 
with 8 very short setae on the dorsal side. Frontal tubercles very short, moderately 


|g E. Takaliaslii. 

convex on the inner side which is furnished with some setae Antennae slender, 
almost without hairs; the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd, somewhat iinbri- 
cated, somewhat convex on the inner side : the -3rd not imbricated, provided 
with about 40 rather small slightly protuberant circular sensoria scattered over 
the whole length: the 4th somewhat imbricated, provided with alout 15 similar 
sensoria scattered over the whole length: the 5th provided with 2-4 similar 
sensoria not in a single row. the apical sensorium of medium size; the relative 
length (4' joints about as follows: 111-95, IV-56, V-42, VI-118 (23 + 95). 
Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Abdomen almost without hairs on the 
dorsum. Cornicles cylindrical, somewhat expanded at the base, scarcely dilated 
mi the distal portion, not curved, slightly imhricated, almost as long as the 4th 
antennal joint, about 3 times as long as the cauda. Cauda broadest at the 
base, tapering, almost triangular in shape when seen from above, somewhat 
longer than wide, with the apex pointed, with 2 pairs of lateral bristles near 
the tip. The 1st and 2nd obliques on the front wing very slightly curved ; the 
3rd twice forked, the upper branch extending to the tip of the wing: stigmatic 
vein moderatly curved; hind wings with 2 almost parallel obliques; booklets 2. 
begs long and slender: tibiae slightly more slender than the 3rd antennal joint. 
provided with man)' moderately long setae; tarsi somewhat imbricated, hind 
tarsi slightly shorter than the basal part of the 6th antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 1.5 mm. Antenna — about 1.6 mm. 

Fore wing — about 2.3 nun. Cornicle — about 0.3 mm. 

Host — Primus taiwaniana, attacking the lower side of the leaf. The 
infested feaf is rolled. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Musha. 
Japan 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

-Many apterous and winged viviparous females were collected by the author 
on May 15, 1924. 

Myzus varians Davidson. 

.11. Econ. Entom., v. p. 409 (1912); Takahashi, Aphididae of Formosa, 
part 3. p. 29 (1924) 

Syn. Myzus tropicalis, Takahashi. Aphididae of Formosa, part 2. pp. 24 
and 81 (192:1) and part 3. p. 27 (1924). 


Aphididae of Formosa- — 4. \~ 

Host. — Pmivus persica, Clematis sp. 
Distribution. — Formosa, Japan, North Ameriea. 

A few apterous viviparous females were ooserved at Sakuraonsen, Formosa, 
mi Clematis sp. on May 16, H>24. 

Myzus montanus a. sp. 

(PL I. A, fig. (i & PI. 1. B, figs. 6-10). 

Wingless viviparous female 

Green or yellowish green. Head ami thorax dusky mi the dorsum. 
Antennae Mack, with the base of the 3rd joint pale Abdomen almost dusky 
on tin- dorsum, with many dusky markings. Cornicles ami Cauda Mack'. 
Femora black, with the bases pale; apices of tibiae, and tarsi black. Body 
somewhat elongate oval. Head on the dorsum provided with 8 or 10 very short 
setae, not smooth on the surface. Eyes rather small. Frontal tubercles distinct, 
distinctly convex on the inner side. Antennae slender, imbricated, furnished 
with a few very short setae: the 3rd joint provided with about 20 small circular 
sensoria not arranged in a single row almost over the whole length : the 4th 
usually without sensoria. but sometimes provided with 1 or 2 small ones near 
the base; the 5th with the primary sensorium rather small: the relative length 
of joints about as follows : IIL-lOO, [V-58, V-45, VI-112 (24 + 88). Rostrum 
reaehiii"' the hind coxae. Abdomen on the dorsum provided with a few very 
short setae, with man) spinule-rows on the posterior portion. Cornicles long. 
slender, a little dilated on the distal half, very slightly expanded toward the 
base on the basal portion, indistinctly imbricated, not reticulated, almost as long 
as the 3rd antennal joint, a little stouter than the hind tibia, about 2..~> or 3 
times as long as the Cauda. Cauda large, very stout, with 2 pairs of lateral 
bristles. Legs verv long and slender: tibiae almost as stout as or more so than 
the 3rd antennal joint, furnished with many moderately or rather long setae: 
hind tarsi almost as long as the basal part of the last antennal joint. 

Lenath of bodv — about 1.9 mm. Antenna — about '2.0 nun. 

Cornicle — about 0.55 nun. 

Winged viviparous female 

Colour almost as in the apterous form. Fore wings somewhat clouded 
along the lit and 2nd obliques. Abdomen with rome du-k\ markings on the 


I 3 11. Takahaslii. 

dorsum. Head provided with 8 very short setae on the dorsum. 

Frontal tubercles slimier than those of the apterous form, moderately 
convex on the inner side. Antennae long and slender, imbricated, with a few 
very short setae: the 1st joint somewhat convex on the inner side; the 3rd 
furnished with about from 30 38 circular sensoria of various sizes scattered over 
the whole length : the 4th with from 10-18 rather small sensoria arranged almost 
in a single row over the whole length : the .1th with from 4-7 similar ones 
arranged in a sigle row: the relative length of joints about as follows : III-137, 
IV-105, V-80, VI-180 (35+145). Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Wing- 
veins rather stout, venation normal: stigmatic vein rather strongly curved : hind 
wings with 2 almost parallel obliques; hooklets 3 or 4. Abdomen provided with 
a few very short setae on the dorsum. Cornicles long, slender, a little dilated 
on the distal half, not or somewhat imbricated, not reticulated, about thrice as 
long as the cauda, slightly shorter than the 3rd antennal joint. Cauda large, 
very stout, gradually tapering, with 2 pairs of lateral bristles. Legs very long 
and slender: tibiae provided with many moderately or rather long setae: hind 
tarsi shorter than the basal part of the last antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 2.0 mm. Antenna — about 2.7 mm. 

Cornicle — about ()..") ram. Fore wing — about 3.5 mm. 

Host. — Antilbe longicarpa. 

Distribution — Formosa: Sankakuho (altitude about 7500 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture. 

Many apterous and a lew winged tonus were collected by the author in 
Max, 1924. This aphis is not a. typical Myzus, resembling, in some characters, 
Aiiiphorophorti or Fullawayella. However, ii seems to belong to Myzus rather 
I ban to other proposed genera. 

Myzus polypodicola Takah. 

(PI. IV. A, figs. 7-8 & I'l. IV. B, rig. 5) 
Aphididae of Formosa, part 1. p. 21 (1921): part 2. p. 82 (1923). 

Wingless viviparous female 

Body oval, not elongate, provided with a few very short hairs which are 

very slightly knobbed on the dorsal side, ami some longer bristles on the ventral 

surface. Head not *n th on the surface, furnished with about Id very short 


Apbldidae of Formosa.— 4. Jjl 

setae on the dorsum. Eyes protruding, with distinct ocular tubercles. Frontal 
tubercles almost as long as the 2nd antenna] joint, on the inner side distinctly 
convex and provided with a few very small setae. Antennae very long and 
slender, imbricated, furnished with a few very small setae; the 1st joint much 
larger than the 2nd, granular on the surface as on the head, provided with a 
few longer bristles; the 3rd without Eensoria; the 5th with a small apical 
sensorium; the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-117. IV-97, V-67, 
VI-171 (24+147). Rostrum reaching the hind coxae. Thorax and abdomen 
irregularly reticulated on the dorsum without tubercles. Hairs on the hind part 
of the abdomen lunger. Cornicles large, cylindrical, rather stunt, gradually 
tapering, scarcely expanded at the base, not curved, faintly imbricated, reticulated 
mi the distal portion, almost as lung as the 4th antennal joint, about 3.5 times 
as long as the Cauda, about 4 times as long as wide at the base. Cauda rather 
stout, when seen from above a little longer than wide, narrowed on the distal 
half, the basal part almost as stout as the proximal part of the cornicle, provided 
with 2 pairs of long lateral bristles, about as long as the basal part of the 6th 
antennal joint. 

Legs very long and slender; tibiae as stout as or stouter than the 3rd 
antennal joint, furnished with some moderately long or rather short setae; tarsi 
short, scarcely imbricated, bind tarsi a little shorter than the basal pari of the 
6th antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 1.8 mm. Antenna — about 2.5 nun. 

Cornicle — about 0.5 mm. 

In the specimens preserved in alcohol the body is blackish brown in color. 
with the cornicles black. The cornicles are variable in length in the specimens 
collected in Formosa. 

Winged viviparous female 

Wings hyaline, very slightly clouded with fuscous along the 1st oblique of 
the front wing. Head smooth on the surface, provided with about 10 very short 
setae on the dorsum. Frontal tubercles short, shorter than the 2nd antennal 
joint : somewhat convex on the inner side. 

Antennae very long and slender, furnished with a few very small setae: 
the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd. not smooth on the surface: the 3rd 
joint a little imbricated on the base, provided with about 28-33 circular sensoria 


•)() ti. Takahaslii. 

which are of medium or somewhat Large si/.e. not distinctly protuberant anil 
scattered over the whole length ; the 4tli faintly imbricated, furnished with about 
16-20 similar sensoria : the 5th imbricated, with 0-3 similar sensoria, the serisorium 
at the apex small: the basal part of the 6th a little longer than the 1st; the 
relative longth of joints about as follows: III-110, IV-85, V-65, VI-180 
(25 + 155). Rostrum reaching a little beyond the hind coxae* 

Thorax and abdomen not reticulated, with a few very short slightly knobbed 
seate on the dorsum; hairs on the hind part of the abdomen longer. The 1st 
oblique on the front wing almost straight: the 2nd very slightly or scarcely 
curved; the 3rd twice forked, the upper branch extending to the apex of the 
wing, stigmatic vein somewhat strongly curved : hind wings with '2 almost parallel 
obliques ; hooklets 3. 

Cornicles cylindrical, slightly narrowed toward the tip, not dilated at the 
base, not curved, faintly imbricated, reticulated on the apical portion, almost as 
long as the 4th antenna! joint, about 3 times as long as the Cauda, about .").'> 
times as long as wide. 

Cauda when seen from above, tapering, about 1.3 times as long as wide, 
somewhat narrowed on the distal halt', stouter than the cornicle, almost as long 
as the basal part of the 6th antennal joint, furnished with 2 pairs of long lateral 
bristles. Legs very long ami slender: tibiae almost as stout as the 4th antennal 
joint, provided with many moderately long setae; tarsi short, not imbricated. 
hind tarsi a little shorter than the basal part of the 6th antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 1.75 mm. Antenna — about 2.4 mm. 

Fore wing — about 2.5 mm. Cornicle— about <>.4 mm - 

Host — Dryopteris arida. 

Distribution — Formosa: Taihoku; Sumatra: Rotterdam. 

Many winged and apterous viviparous females were collected by Dr. Fulmek 
in March 1924 in Sumatra. Hitherto unrecorded from Sumatra. The above 
description was made from the specimens from Sumatra. In Formosa this aphis 
is very tare, the winged form having never been discovered. 

Myzus wood ward iae Takah. (Aphididae of Formosa, part 1. p. 20 and 
part 2, pp. 28 and 82) differs from .1/. polypodicola Takah. in the following 
characters : 

(1) Body much larger, provided with much longer capitate hairs. 

(2) Frontal tubercles more developed. 


Apkididae of Formi >sa 4. o ] 

(3) Antennae provided with more hairs which are longer. The 3rd joint 
nt' tlit- apterous form not imbricated, the 4th faintly imbricated. Tin- 3rd and 
4th joints ut' the winged form furnished with fewer sensoria almost arranged in 
a row. 

(4) Cornicles longer. 

M. polypodicola Takah. and M. looochcardiai Takah. resemble Macrosipkum 
in the cornicles which are reticulated on the distal portion. 

Capitophorus sp. 

(PI. II. A. tig. 1) 
Wingless viviparous female 

White, with white cornicles and cauda. Body oblong, soft, the whole 
dorsum provided with numerous very long capitate hairs that are almost as long as 
or slightly longer than the basal part of the 6th antenna! joint. Head on the 
dorsum furnished with about 8 capitate hairs. Eyes small. Frontal tubercles 
short. Antennae long and slender: the 1st joint angulated on tin- inner side, 
with a tew stout capitate hairs which are somewhat shorter than the 2nd 
antenna] joint; the 3rd scarcely imbricated, furnished with about ii very stout 
capitate hairs which are almost as long a- those on the 1st. without sensoria; 
tin- 4th and the following somewhat imbricated, provided with a few very small 
hairs: the relative length of joints about as follows: III-GO, 1 V-45, V-59, VI- 
20+? 140. Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae. Cornicles very long 
and slender, cylindrical, slightly expanded toward the base, si, inter than the 
tibia, somewhat curved, moderately imbricated except on the distal portion, nol 
reticulated, shorter than the distal part of tin- last antennal joint. Cauda very 
stout, almost as long as the capitate hair on the hind portion of the abdomen. 
Legs very long and slender: tibiae with many not capitate hairs, the basal 
portions furnished with a few capitate hairs; front tibiae almost as long as the 
cornicle; hind tarsi almost as long as the basal part of the last antennal join;. 

Length of body — about 1.5 mm. Cornicle — about 0.5 mm. 

Host. — Petasites trichdobus. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Sankakuho (altitude about 7500 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture. 

An apterous female was collected by the author on May lib 1!'24. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 


>22 B. Takabaahi. 

This species differs from C. formosartemisiae Takah. (Aphididae of Formosa, 
1. p. "Jo) in the following characters: (1) Tin- 3rd antenna! joint almost as 
long as the 5th, provided with more longer capitate hairs- (2) Cornicles stouter, 
somewhat curved. 

Matsumuraja formosana ». sp. 

(PL II, A. figs. 2-4) 
Wingless viviparous female 

White: cornicles and cauda white. Antennae white, dusky on the distal 
halves of the 3rd. 4tli and 5th joints and the 6th. Body elongate oval, mi the 
dorsum provided with many capitate hairs which are Bubequal in length, almost 
as long as or slightly shorter than the 2nd antenna] joint, each arising from a 
small or large tubercle. "Head on the dorsum furnished with 8 capitate hairs 
thai are almost as long as the 2nd antennal joint, each arising from a very small 
tubercle. Frontal tubercles distinct, somewhat convex on the inner side, furnished 
with a few capitate hairs which are slightly longer than those on the dorsum 
of the head. Eyes small. Antennae slender: the 1st joint much larger than 
the 2ml. provided with a long projection which is almost as long as the joint, 
rounded at the apex, with about 3 shorter capitate hairs: the 2nd provided with 
a few very short capitate hairs: the 3rd and 4th not imbricated, provided 
with a few very small hairs, without sensoria; the 5th somewhat imbricated" 
the relative length of joints about as follows: [11-69, IV-44. V-47. VI-106 
(28 + 78). Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae. Cornicles long and slender. 
cylindrical, scarcely curved, expanded at the base, scarcely expanded on the 
distal half, imbricated except on the distal portion, almost as long as or slightly 
longer than the distal part of the last antennal joint, shorter than the front 
tibia, about '■> times as long as the cauda. Cauda very stout, stouter than the 
coinicle. gradually tapering, with the apex rounded, about 1.5 times as long as 
wide, very slightly constricted at the base when seen from above, almost as long 
as the basal part of the last antennal joint, longer than the capitate hair on the 
abdomen, provided with 2 pairs of lateral bristles. Legs long and slender: 
tibiae almost as stout as or slightly more slender than the cornicle, very slightly 
stouter than the 3rd antennal joint, provided with many setae, the basal portion 
provided with a few short capitate hairs: hind tibiae shorter than the antenna; 
hind taris almost as long as the basal part of the last antennal joint. 


Apkididae of Formosa. — 4. 23 

Dorsum of the body with many tubercles each bearing a capitate hair. 
Pronotum with <S capitate hairs. Meso-and nietathoracic segments each at the 
middle of the dorsum with 4 stout tubercles arranged in a transverse row, 1 or 
4 very small capitate hairs in front of these 4 tubercles and 2 or 3 tubercles 
■ •li either side. Basal 7 abdominal segments each at the middle of the dorsum 
with 4 stout tubercles arranged in a transverse row and a similar tubercle on 
the side: basal one or two abdominal segments sometimes with a very short 
capitate hair at the middle of the dorsum; the 8th segment with about 5 very 
small tubercles arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum. The 4 tubercles at 
the middle of the dorsum of each of the meso-and metathoracic and mosl 
abdominal segments stout, somewhal narrowed toward the apex, each bearing a 
capitate hair which is almost a- long as or shorter than the tubercle; of these 
4 tubercles the inner two larger, almost as long as or longer than the 2ml 
antennal joint, and those on the posterior segments somewhat larger than those 
on the anterior segments. 

Length of body — about 1.8 mm. Antenna — about 1.65 mm. 

Cornicle — about 0.5 mm. 

Host. — Rubus sp. 

Distribution — Formosa : Sakuraonsen in Taichu-prefecture. 

Some apterous females were collected by the author on Maj lo'. 1!>24. 
This species i< distinguishable from M. rtibi Mats, by the shorter tubercles on 
the dorsum. 

Amphorophora viburni n. sp. 

(PI. II. A. figs. 5-8 & PL II. B, fig. I) 

Winged viviparous female 

Green. Antennae dusky. Cornicles green, with the tins somewhat dusky. 

Cauda green. Legs mostly greenish. Head on the dorsum provided with 8 

moderately long setae. Frontal tubercles very short, scarcely convex on the inner 

side. Antennae provided with a few very short setae: the 1st joint much stouter, 

and a little longer than the 2ml : the 3rd not imbricated, furnished with about 

45 rather large, circular or subcircular sensoria scattered over the whole length : 

flic 4th somewhat imbricated, provided with from 8-10 similar sensoria not 

arranged in a single row ; the 5th provided with no or from 1-3 sensoria. the 

apical primary sensorium of moderate size; the relative length of joints about 


•J4 R- Takahaslii. 

as follows: [11-134, LV-92, V-73, VI-146 (53 + 93). Rostrum rather stout 
reaching the middle coxae. Wings hyaline: the 1st and 2nd obliques on the 
trout wing straight) the 3rd twice forked, the upper branch extending to the tip 
of the wing, the 2nd hranch rather short: hind wings with 2 divergent obliques; 
hooklets '■'> or 4. Abdomen on the dorsum furnished with a few setae, of which 
those on the posterior part are longer. Cornicles large, stout, distinctly dilated 
on about the distal three-fourths, somewhat expanded at the base, not imbricated 
nor reticulated, a little striate at the tip, longer than the 4th. but shorter than 
the 3rd antennal joint, about 2.5 times as long as the cauda, much stouter 
than the cauda. Cauda constricted at midlength, slightly shorter than the basal 
part of the last antennal joint, provided with 7 long bristles. Legs slender; 
femora more slender than the cornicle; tibiae almost as stout as the 3rd antenna! 
joint, provided with many rather long setae: hind tarsi shorter than the cauda. 
Gonapophyses 3. 

Length of body — about 2.3 mm. Antenna — about 2.4 nun. 

Cornich — about 0.55 nun. Forewing — about 4.0 mm. 

Host. — Viburnum arbwicolum, attacking the young leaf. 

Distribution — Formosa : Tattaka (altitude about 730U feet) in Taichu- 
prefectuie. 

A few winged forms were collected by the author on May is. 1924. An 
aphis collected on Slahonta morrisonensis in May. 1924. at Tattaka seems to the 
identical with this species, the apterous form id' which is described below. 

Wingless viviparous female. 
Green. Antennae and lees mostly greenish. Cornicles green, with the tips 
somewhat dusky. Cauda green. Bodv oval, slightly depressed. Head protruding 
at the middle of the front, provided with a few short setae mi the dorsum. 
Lye- rather small, protuberant. frontal tubercles distinct, somewhat shorter 
than the 2nd antennal joint, moderately convex on the inner side. Antennae 
slender, scarcely provided with hairs: the 1st joint slightly longer than the 2nd: 
th'' 3rd ict imbricated, without sensoria; the 4th slightly imbricated; the 
relative length of joints about fellows: IH-89, IV-57, V-47, VT-96 (364-00) 
Rostrum rather stout, reaching the middle coxae. Abdomen provided with a 
few short setae on the dorsum. Cornicles large, stout, distinctly dilated on one 
-ide, net imbricated except at the tips, slightly shorter than the 3rd and 4th 


Apbididae of Formosa. — 4. 25 

antennal joints taken together, about twice as long a s the cauda, stouter tlian 
the cauda. Cauda large, very stout, with 5 or 6 bristles. Legs long: femora 
more slender than the cornicle; tibiae stouter than the :3rd antennal joint, 
furnished with many moderately long setae: hind tarsi shorter than the basal 
part of the last antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 2.0 mm. Antenna — about 1.65 mm. 

Cornicle — about 0.55. 

Amphorophora katoi n. sp. 

(PI. IV. A. tigs. 1-6) 
Wingless viviparous female 

Black. Kyi- reddish brown. Antennae pale brownish, slightly dusky at 
tie- apices of the 3rd and 4th joints, black on the distal part of the 5th and 
the 6th. Cornicles and cauda black. Legs almost white to pale brownish, 
blackish on the apices of femora and tibiae, and tarsi. Body oval. Head on 
the dorsum provided with 4 very sin rt setae arranged in a transverse row between 
the eyes and two pairs of much longer setae between the frontal tubercles. 
These setae are not knobbed. 3 very small ocelli present. Compound eyes 
normal. Frontal tubercles almost as long as the 2nd antennal joint, on the 
inner side somewhat convex and furnished with a few setae. Antennae very 
long and slender, imbricated, with some very short not knobbed setae: the 1st 
joint much larger than the 2nd. somewhat angulated on the inner side: the 
3rd furnished with a very small circular sensorium near the base; the 4th 
without ssnsoria; the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-140, IV-108, 
V-92, VI-205 (35 + 170). Rostrum reaching the hind coxae, furnished with 
many rather fine bristles. Abdomen provided with a few very short eetae on 
the dorsal side, but with some moderately to rather long setae on the ventral 
surface. Cornicles stout, slightly dilated about the middle, somewhat dilated at 
the base, imbricated on the distal portion, not reticulated, stouter than femur, 
almost as Ion-- as the 4th antennal joint, a little more than twice as long as 
the cauda. Cauda almost as stout as the cornicle, tapering, much longer than 
wide, furnished with ."> very long bristles. Legs very long and slender; tibiae 
almost as stout as or slightly more so than the 3rd antennal joint, furnished 
with many rather short stout setae not knobbed: hind tarsi shorter than the 


26 K- Takaliaslii. 

basal part of the last antenna! joint. 

Length of body — about 2.0 mm. Antenna — about 3.0 mm. 

Cornicle — about 0.52 mm. 

Winged viviparous female 

Black. Eyes blackish brown. Antennae almost white, black on the apices 
of the 3rd and 4th joints, distal part of the 5th, and the 6th. Legs almost 
white, distal portions of femora and tibiae, and tarsi black. Wings broadly 
clouded along the veins. Cornicles and cauda black. Frontal tubercles somewhat 
convex on the inner side. Antennae very long and slender, somewhat imbricated, 
provided with some very short setae which are not knobbed ; the 1st joint much 
larger than the 2nd, somewhat convex on the inner side, the 3rd provided with 
from 2-6 medium-sized circular sensoria arranged in a single row mostly on the 
basal half; the 4th without f ensoria ; the relative length of joints about as 
follows: III-105, IV-90, V-82, VI-205 (30+175). Rostrum stout, reaching the 
middle coxae. Wing-veing stout; the 1st oblique on the front wing almost 
straight: the 2nd somewhat curved toward the base of the wing on the distal 
part; the 3rd twice forked, the upper branch extending to the apex of the wing: 
stigmatic vein strongly curved: hind wings with 1 or 2 obliques which are 
almost parallel : booklets 2. Abdomen provided with a few rather short normal 
setae arranged in a single row on the dorsum of the segment, but with some 
longer ones not in a single row on the ventral side. Cornicles cylindrical, rather 
stout, not curved, very slightly swollen about the middle, slightly dilated at the 
base, narrowest on the distal part, 'imbricated on the apical portion, not reticulated, 
almost as long as the 5th antenna! joint, slightly more than twice as long as 
the cauda. Cauda at the base almost as stout as the cornicle, gradually tapering, 
with 5 or I) long bristles. Legs long ami slender: tibiae slightly more slender 
than the 3rd antcnnal joint, provided with many short normal setae; hind tarsi 
shorter than the basal part of the last antcnnal joint. 

Length of body — about 1.5 mm. Antenna — about 2.<3 mm. 

Fore wing — about 2.5 mm. Cornicle — about 0.37 mm. 

Host. — Polypodium elUpticum, attacking the lower side of the leaf. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Kaffi. 

Some apterous viviparous females were collected by Mr. M. Kato on October 
23. 1924. Many wingless forms ami some winged ones were collected bv Mr. K. 


Apliidiclae of Formosa — 4. 27 

Toyota on November 15, 1924. 

This species resembles Fullawayella in the characters of the corniles, 
wing-veins, etc., hut differs from it in the nature of the frontal tubercles. 
FvRatoayellq Isirkaldyi Full, has never been discovered in Formosa. In Formosa 
three aphids A. Icatol Takah.. Myzus woodioardiae Takali. and M. pc&ypodicola 
Takali.. are now known to occur on the Polypodiaceae. 

Amphorophora sp. 

(PL II, B, rig. 2) 
Wingless viviparous female 

Green, somewhat yellowish. Eyes almost black. Antennae dusky, with the 
3rd joint mostly pale brownish. Cornicles pale yellow, with the tips dusky. 
Cauda pale green. Legs pale brown, apices of tibiae, and tarsi black. Body 
without distinct hair/. Frontal tubercles distinct, convex on the inner side. 
Antennae long, slender, imbricated, provided with a few very short setae; the 
3rd joint lacking sensoria : the .5th with the sensorium small, the relative length 
of joints about a- follows; IK 110, IV-77, V-65, VT-160 (30+130) Cornicles 
rather stout, somewhat dilated at the base, moderately expanded on the distal 
half, not imbricated, a little striate at the tip, almost as long as the 4th antennal 
joint, twice or more times as long as the cauda. Cauda stouter than the cornicle, 
narrowed on the distal portion, provided with 2 ? pair- of long lateral bristles. 
Leg very long: tibiae rather stout, mere so than the 3rd antennal joint, but 
much more slender than the cornicle: hind tarsi shorter than the basal part of 
tin* last antennal joint. 

Host. — Stellaria aquatica. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Taihoku. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. An apterous specimen was collected 
by the author on April 13, 1922. 

Brevieoryne brassicae L. 

Aphididae of Formosa, part 1. p. 38 (1921). 
Host. — Brassica oleract a. 

Distribution in Formosa — Sankakuho (altitude about 7500 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture. 

Many apterous viviparous females were collected by the author on May 20, 


28 E. Takaliasln. 

1924, at Sankakuho- 

Cavariella japonica Essig et Kuw. 

Siphocoryne japonica, Essig and Kuwana, Proc. California Acad. Sc., 4tli 
ser., vin, 3, p; 66 (1918) 

Host. — Sallx sp. 

Distribution — Formosa: Sankakuho (altitude about 7500 feet) in Taiehu- 
prefecture. Japan. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

A winged viviparous female was collected by the author on Salix sp. in 
May 1924. This aphis was found on Angelica polymorpiia (Umbelliferae) in 
Japan and seems to inhabit both the Umbelliferae and Salix like the European 
species, C. capreae Fah. 

Aphis gossypii Glov. 

Syn. A. tectonae, van der Goot, Contrib. Fauna Ind. Neerland. 1, 3, p. 
Ill (1916) 

A. shirahii, Takaha-hi. Aphididae of Formosa, part 1, p. 58 (1921): 
Philippine Jl- So., xxi, no. 5, p. 421 '1922) and Aphididae of Formosa, part 
2, p. 109 (1923) 

A few winged and apterous females were collected mi Cnsuarina equisetifolia 
at Kagi, Formosa, on May 28, 1924. 

I observed many apterous and winged viviparous females on Tectona gfandis 
at Kizan, Formosa, on November 1, 1923. 

Toxoptera scirpi Pass. 
(PI. II. P.. figs 3-8) 

Bull. Ent. Sue. Italia, vi, p. 137(1874): Phillips and Davis, I". S. Dept. 
Agr. Bur. Ent.. Tech. series. 25, pt. 1. p.. 8 (1912); Del Guercio, Redia, xn. 
p. 230 (1917): Mordvilko, Lea Pucerons des Graminees, 1. p. 48 (1921) and 
Bull- Ent. Research, sm, p. 29 (1922). 

Host. — Scirpus lacustris. 

Distribution — Formosa: Sakuraonsen in Taichu-prefecture. Europe. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 


Aphididae of Formosa. — 4. 29 

Many apterous and a winged viviparous females were collected by the 
author on May 16, 1924. 

Genus Greenidea 
Key to Formosan species 

( 1 ) Caudal segment without a process (2) 

— : Caudal segment with a process ( 6 ) 

( 2 ) Nymphs white G. sp. 

Nymphs not white ( 3 ) 

( 3 ) The 3rd antennal joint of the winged form stout, provided with 

20-25 not circular sensoria often not arranged in a single row 

G. taiwana Takah. 

The 3rd joint slender, provided with 10-23 circular sensoria arranged 

in a single row ( 4 ) 

( 4 ) Cornicles very long, almost as long as the body.. .G. tenuicarpus Okaj. 

Body smaller. Cornicles not so long (5) 

( 5 ) Sensoria on the 3rd antennal joint distributed over the whole length. 

G. tattakana d. sp. 

Sensoria on the 3rd antennal joint not distributed on the distal 

portion G. nigrofasciataM&)s.i. 

( 6 ) The 3rd antenna] joint of the winged form provided with about 30 

or more, not circular, sensoiia not arranged in a single row ( 7 ) 

The 3rd antennal joint with fewer cicular sensoria arranged in a 

single r< >w ( 8 ) 

(7) The 3rd joint with about 55 sensoria G. mushana n. sp. 

The 3rd joint with about 30 sensoria. Body smaller 

(i ' . formosana Maki. 

( 8 ) The distal parr of the 6th antennal joint very slightly longer than 

the 3rd G. mangiferae n- sp. 

The distal part shorter than the 3rd (9 ) 

The distal part much longer than the 3rd (10) 

(9) Body black G. nigra Maki. 

Dark brown G. lcuwanai I'erg. 

(10) Apterous form greenish (11) 

Apterous form brownish G. ficicola Takah. 


30 K. Takahashi. 

(11) Cornicles with the surface reticulated G. quercifoliae Takah. 

Cornicles not striate nor reticulated G. myricae n. sp. 

(The winged form of G. quercifoliae Takah. is nut known). 

Greenidea kuwanai Perg. 

Trickosiphum kuwanai, Pergande, Ent. News, p. 209 (1906); Okajima, 
Bull. Coll. Agr. Tokvo Imp. Univ., vxn, 1, p. 2 (1908); Essig and Kuwana, 
Proc. California Acad, gc, 4th series vm, 3, p. 97 {1918); Takahashi, Dobutsu- 
gaku Zasshi (Zool. Mag. Tokyo). No. 359, p. 368 (L918): Kurisaki, Dobutsugaku 
/as hi. No. 386, p. .".79 (1920). 

Greenidea kuwanai, Takahashi, Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, x.xi, 7, p. 174 
(1919) and Aphididae of Formosa, pt. 2, p. 117 (1923). 

Hn^t. — Quercus stenophylloides, attacking the young shoot. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Sakuragamine (altitude about 8000 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecturc. Japan. Siberia. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

Many apterous viviparous females were collected by the author on May 
20, 1924. These specimens agree exactly with those from Japan. 

Greenidea tattakana n. sp. 

(PI. Ill, B, tigs. 1-3) 
Closely allied to G. nigrqfasciata Maki, differing from it. however, in the 
following characters : 

Wingless viviparous female 

(1) Hairs on the body somewhat shorter, less stout. 

(2) Antennae shorter, with the hairs fewer and somewhat shorter. 

(3) The 3rd antenna! joint shorter. The relative length of antennal joints about 
as follows: 111-80. IV-36, 7-45, VT-85 (35 + 50) (In G. nigrnfasciaia, III-115, 
IV-45, V-50, VI-33 + 59). 

(4) Cornicles shorter, with somewhat shorter hairs. 

Length (if body — about 2.4 mm. Antenna — about 1.25 mm. 

( Jonicle — about 0.65 mm. 

Winged viviparous female 
(1) Abdomen almost duaky on the dorsum except on the ba al portion which 


ApIiicUdae of Formosa— 4. ,", ] 

is green, with some dusky patches. 

(2) Antennae shorter, with the bristles much fewer and somewhat shorter. 

(3) The 3rd antenna! joint shorter, provided with 11-13 sensoria over the whole 
length (In nigrofaeciata, this joint provided with about 10-13 sensoria over the 
basal two-thirds or three-fourths). The relative length of antenna! joints about 
as follows: III-105, IV-44, V-50. VI-93 (37 + 56). (In nigro/asciata, 111-155, 
IV-G3, V-60, VI-32+62). 

(4) Hairs on the cornicles and legs somewhat shorter. 

(5) Front wings not clouded along the 1st oblique and stigmntic vein which 
are not stouter than other obliques. Stigmatic vein almost moderately curved. 
(In nigro/asciata, front wings very slightly chuded along the 1st oblique and 
stigmatic vein which are somewhat stouter than other obliques; stigmatic vein 
very slightly curved, extending to the apex of the wing). 

Length of body — about 2.5 mm. Antenna — about 1.8 mm. 

Cornicle — about 1.03 mm. Fore wing — about 3.0 mm. 

Caudal segment rather small, rounded, provided with many very long 
bristles, without a process. Anal plate larger than the caudal segment, broadly 
rounded, irregularly reticulated, with many very long bristles. 

Host. — Quercus serrata, Quercus stenophylloides, Castanea formosana. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Tattaka and Sakuragamine in Taichu-prefectnre. 

Numerous viviparous females were collected by the author on May 17, 19 
and 20. 1921. 

Greenidea myricae n. sp. 

(PL III. A. tigs. 3-1). 
Wingless viviparous female 
Green« Cornicles dusky on the distal portion. Body in general shape as 
in Greenidea leuwanai Perg., provided with many very long stiff bristles, some 
of which are furnished with a few very small branches at the tip. Head fused 
with the pronotum, on the dorsum provided with about 10 stout bristles which 
are almost as long as the 1st antennal joint. Front broad, almost straight. 
Ocular tubercles very distinct. Antennae striate or imbricated, provided with 
some very slightly or scarcely knobbed bristles which are almost as long as those 
on the head : the 3rd joint furnished with about 10 very long and some shorter 
bristles, without sensoria ; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-108, 


32 E. Takabaslii. 

IV-63, V-67, VI-180 (54+120). Eostram reaching beyond the hind coxae. 
Abdomen nearly circular in outline. Cornicles long, almost as long as or a little 
longer than the tith antennrj joint, moderately narrowed toward each end, broadest 
i t the portion near the base, scarcely curved, almost as stout as the front femur, 
provided with numerous very long stiff bristles which are longer than those on 
the body and not capitate nor branched; the base somewhat stouter than the 
apex, the apical portion provided with many minute spinules. Caudal segment 
with a distinct proce s, provided with some very long bristles. Anal plate almost 
as broad as the caudal segment, very slightly sinuated at the middle of the 
posterior margin, provided with many wax-pores ? and very long bristles. Legs 
slender, provided with many rather long setae; tibiae almost as stout as the 3rd 
antennal joint; tarsi somewhat imbricated; hind tarsi much shorter than the 
base] prrt of the last antenna] joint. 

Length of body — about 2.5 mm. Antenna — about 2.25 mm. 

Cornicle — about 0.85 mm. 

Winged viviparous female 

Green. Cornicles bkefe. Bod}' elongate. Head on the dorsum and front 
provided with more than 10 very long bristles, of which those on the front are 
longer and almost as long as or a little longer than the 1st antennal joint. 
Ocular tubercles distinctly protruding. Antennae black, striate i r imbricated, 
provided with many long stiff bristles, some of which are longer and almost as 
long as those on the head: the 3rd joint provided with about 20 medium-sized 
or rather large circular or oval sensoria arranged in a single row over the whole 
length except on the distal portion ; the -1th without sensoria: the relative length 
of joints about as follows: III-164, EV-90, V-93, VI-240 (67+173). Rostrum 
slender, reaching a little beyond the hind coxae. The 1st oblique on the front 
wing very slightly curved, the 2nd very strongly curved on the distal part, the 
3rd twice forked, obsolete at the base; stigma not elongate; stigmatic vein 
moderately curved ; hind wings with 2 divergent obliques : booklets 5. Abdomen 
provided with some bristles arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum of each 
segment; these hairs shorter than those on the lied and thorax, not capitate 
nor branched as in other hairs on the body. 

Cornicles very long ami slender, cylindrical, very slightly or scarcely narrowed 
on each end. somewhat imbricated, almost as stout as the front tibia, almost as 


ApMdidae of Formosa— 4. 33 

long as the 4th, 5th and 6th antenna] joints taken together, provided with 
numerous very long stiff bristles which are lunger than those on the head; the 
distal portion furnished with minute spinules. Caudal segment with a process, 
provided with many very long bristles. Ana] plate almost as broad as the caudal 
segment, slightly sinuated on the posterior margin, reticulated, with many very 
long bristles. Legs slender, with many long set; e : hind legs longer than the 
cornicle. 

Length of body — about 2.3 mm. Antenna — about 3.0 mm. 

Fore wing — about 3.1 mm. Cornicle — about Id) mm. 

Host. — Myrica rubra, attacking the young leaf. 

Distribution.— Formosa: Tattaka in Taichu-prefecture (altitude about 7330 
feet). A winged and many apterous viviparous females were collected by the 
author on May 17, 1924. 

Greenidea mangiferae n. sp. 

Wingless viviparous female 

Head fused with the pronotum, very broad and straight on the front 
margin, the dorsal surface furnished with about 10 long stout hairs winch are a 
little shorter than the basal 2 antenna] joints taken together and provided with 
a few minute branches at the tip. Eyes distinctly protuberant, with prominent 
ocular tubercles. Antennae long and slender, provided with some long hairs 
which are almost as long as those on the dorsum of the head: the 3rd joint 
somewhat imbricated, without sensoria; the relative length of joints about as 
follows: 111-95, IV-59. V-62, VI-50+ ? Rostrum slender, reaching a little 
beyond the hind coxae. Thorax wider posteriorly, furnished with many long 
stout hairs, the ventral surface with numerous granules. Abdomen almost circular 
in outline, rather strongly chitinized, provided with many very long stout hairs, 
which are almost as long as the basal 2 antennal joints taken together and 
furnished with a few minute branches at the tip. Cornicles long, a little 
narrowed toward the both ends, narrowest on the distal portion, very slightly 
curved, about 8 times as long as wide, almost as long as the 3rd ami 4th 
antennal joints taken together, reticulated except on the basal and distil portions, 
provided with many long hairs which are longer than, but not so stout as. those 
on the abdomen, with no branches ait the apex, the distal portion with numerous 


... K. Takahashi. 

spinules. Caudal segment with a process, furnished with 4 pairs of long bristles 
<m the hind margin. Anal plate broadly rounded, with a reticulated area at 
the middle, provided with some very long hairs. Legs slender, furnished with 
manv hairs which are shorter and mure slender than those on the body; hind 
tibiae somewhat striate, almost i.s slender as the 3rd antenna! joint; hind tarsi 
much shorter than the basal part of the last antenna] joint. 

Length of body — about 2.0 mm. Antenna— about ? mm. 

Cornicle — about 0.9 mm. 

Winged viviparous female 

Head with about 10 long bristles on the dorsum, some of which are longer 
and almost as long as the 1st antenna] joint. Antennae long and slender, with 
some long stout hairs which are somewhat longer than those on the head: the 3rd 
joint somewhat imbricated, provided with about 1.*'. (from 0-15) rather or very 
small circular sensoria arranged in a single row over the basal three-fourths, the 
4th without sensoria: the relative length of joints about as follows: [11-110, 
1V-65, V-64, VT-172 (49 + 123). Rostrum slender, reaching a little beyond the 
hind coxae. Thorax with many very long hairs on the dorsum which are almost 
as long as those on the head. Wing-veins almost as in G. artocarpi Westw. : 
hooklets 3. Abdomen with some hairs on the dorsum which arc much shorter 
than those on the head and thorax. Cornicles very long and slender, cylindrical, 
almost as stout as the hind femur, not narrowed at the base nor expanded at 
any portion, very slightly narrowed at the tip. almost straight or slightly curved, 
a little longer than the 3rd, 4th and .1th antenna] joints taken together, provided 
with many quite long hairs which are almost as long as the basal part oi tin- 
last antenna! joint, with many ppinules on the distal portion. Caudal segment 
almost conical when seen from above, with a process. Anal plate almost as 
wide as the caudal segment, almost straight on the hind margin, with many 
wry long hairs. Legs very long and slender, provided with many long hairs: 
tibiae striate. 

Length of body — about 2..°>o mm. Antenna — about 2.7") mm. 

Fore wing — about 3.0 mm. Cornicle — about 1.8 mm. 

Cornicles black, with tin- bases paler in the apterous form, but in the 
winged blade, with the tips paler. Antennae black in the winged form. Probably 
yellowish brown, with the abdomen darker, in the apterous form. 


Apliididae of Formosa 4. 35 

Host — Mangifera i ml lea. 
Distribution. — Formosa : Kagi. 

Some specimens were collected by Mr. K. Toyota in March, 192.~>. in the 
garden of the Agricultural Experiment Station at Kagi. Formosa. 

Greenidea mushana n. sp. 
(PL IT, B, fig. 11 and PL HI, A, fig. 1) 
Winged viviparous female 
Blackish broivn. Cornicles Mack. Stigma on the wing blackish brown. 
Body large, provided with many very long bristles that are not capitate. Head 
short, about twice as wide as long between the eyes, the dorsal surface provided 
with numerous very long bristles which are longer than the 1st antennal joint. 
Frontal tubercles almost lacking. Eyes normal, with distinct ocular tubercles. 
Antennae furnished with manv very long bristles which arc almost as lone; as 
those on the head; the 3rd joint provided with about 55 sensoria that are oval 
or irregular in shape, somewhat transversely narrowed, of various sizes, somewhat 
protuberant, scattered over the whole length except on the distal portion; the 
4th somewhat i-triate, without sensoria: the 5th with about 5 very long bristles. 
the sensorium circular, of medium size; the 6th provided with about 2 very long 
bristles on the basal part; the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-65, 
IV-25, V-23, VI-57 (19 + 38). Rostrum slender, reaching beyond the hind coxae. 
The 1st oblique on the front wing very slightly curved, the 2nd strongly curved 
on the distal part, the 3rd twice forked, obsolete on the basal portion: stigma 
not elongate, stigmatic vein somewhat curved; hind wings with 2 divergent 
obliques; hooklets 5. Cornicles very long and slender, cylindrical, very slightly 
or scarcely curved, somewhat narrowed on the distal portion, much stouter than 
the femur, longer than the hind tibia, a little shorter than the antenna, covered 
with numerous very long bristles which are longer than those on the head, the 
distal portion provided with numerous minute setae. Legs slender, furnished 
with many very long bristles; tibiae almost as stout as the 3rd antennal joint: 
hind tarsi shorter than the basal part of the last antennal joint. Caudal segment 
with a small process, provided with many very long bristles. Anal plate larger 
than the cauda, reticulated on the middle area, with many very long bristles. 

Length of body — about 4.0 mm. Antenna — about 3.25 mm. 

Fore wing — about 4.7.~> mm Cornicle — about 2.7 mm. 


36 K- Takahaslii. 

Host. — Quercus xj> . attacking the young shoot. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Tattaka near Musha in Taichiirprefecturc (altitude 
about 7:530 feet). 

A single specimen was collected by the author on May 17, 19_!4. This 
species differs from other species of Greenidea in possessing more sensoria on 
the 3rd antenna] joint. 

Greenidea sp. 

Host. — Quercus sp. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Tattaka near Musha. 

Two nymphs wore collected by the author on May 18, 1!'24. These nymphs 
are white in general colour, with white cornicles, and seem to represent a species 
distinct from others known to occur in Formosa. 

Cervaphis quercus Takah. 

The cornicle figured in the former paper, Aphididae of Formosa, part - 
(Plate V, B, fig. <)) is abnormal. Tin' cornicle of the apterous form is nsuallv 
almost as in tin' winged form (Aphididae of Formosa, part 3. plate VIII, B, fig. 7). 

Lachnus niitakayamensis n. sp. 

Winged viviparous female 

Head, antennae and thorax black. Legs black, paler on the haves of 
femora. Abdomen greenish black in specimens preserved in alcohol. Wings 
without markings. Head divided, furnished with numerous long rather tine 
hairs, of which those on the front are somewhat longer, almost as long as the 1st 
antenna] .joint. Ejes distinctly protuberant, with the ocular tubercles very small. 
Antennae covered with numerous, long, very stout bristles which are almost as 
long as those on the front of the head; the ,">rd .joint almost as stout as the 
front tibia, furnished with more than 100 very small, protuberant, circular 
sensoria scattered over the whole length: the 4th and 5th each furnished with 
about 43 similar sensoria scattered over the whole length; primary sensorium 
>»ii the 5th or Gtli very large, circular; the 6th furnished with about 6-8 small 
sensoria scattered over the basal part, the rlagellnni with some short setae at 
the tip: the relative length of joints about as follows : III-LGO, IV-59, V-67, 
\ l-H'.i (43+26). Rostrum lance-like, reaching beyond the hind coxae. Wings 


1 


Apbididae of Formosa. — 4. 37 

imbricated; subcosta on the front wing provided with form 10-12 minute 
sensoria in a group near the base and 2 or 3 small ones; stigma normal, 
furnished with about 20 long setae not arranged in a row: the 1st oblique 

straight: the "2nd somewhat curved; the 3rd faint, obsolete at the base, one.' 
forked; stigmatic vein very slightly curved, extending to the tip of the win 
hind wings with 2 divergent obliques; hooklets 4. Abdomen on the dorsun 
furnished with some small groups of dusky wax-pores and numerous very small 
dusky spots, from each of which spots a bristle arises. These pores and spots 
arc visible in specimens treated with caustic potash. Cornicles <>n moderately 
large cones which are furnished with numerous longer bristles. Cauda semicircular 
in outline when seen from above, provided with numerous very long bristles. 
Anal plate normal. Legs very Ion",', covered with numerous very long stout 
bristles : hind tibiae almost as long as the 5th antenna! joint, the 2nd tarsal 
joint almost 3 times as lone,- as the 1st. 

Length of body— about -">.2 mm. Antenna — about 2.0 mm. 

Fore wiiii;' — about 5.0 mm. Hind tibia — about 2.5 mm. 

Host. — unknown. Perhaps a plant of the Coniferae. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Niitakayama. 

Two winged tonus wen- collected by .Mr. J. Sman at Kanko (altitude 
about 8300 feet) on the Mount Niitaka on September 17. 1924. This species 
is very peculiar in possessing numerous small sensoria mi the antennae, in this 
respect resembling the males of some Lachnina - 

Dilachnus orientalis n. sp. 
Wingless viviparous female 

Blackish brown, shining, not covered with white wax. In specimens treated 
with caustic potash, antennae dusky at the apices of the 3rd, 4th and 5th joints 
and on the Gfch, ahdonien on the dorsum with some dark brown patches on the 
hind portion and some small similar ^pots. front and middle tibiae black on 
the both ends ami the middle portion, hind femora black o"n the distal half, 
hind tibiae black, with the portion near the base pale brownish, cornicles, cauda 
and anal plate dark brown. 

Body oval, covered with many long bristles. Head divided, with many 
rather stout hairs, of which those on the front are somewhat longer and almost as 
long as the 1st antennal joint. Antennae rather slender, almost as long as the 


38 


R. Takahashi. 


front tibia, with many long bristles which are almost as lung- as those on the 
head' the 3rd joint provided with 1 or 2 medium-sized circular sensoria on the 
distal portion : the 4th with 1 or 2 similar ones on the distal half; the 5th with 
a similar one m-ar the primary sensorium which is not very large: the relative 
length of joints about as follows: III-140, IV-54, V-65, VI-46. Rostrum slender, 
reaching beyond the hind eoxae. Cornicles on large hairy cones. Cauda very 
short, rounded, with many very long bristles. Anal plate larger than the cauda, 
broadly rounded, with many very long bristles. Legs very long, covered with 
many very long bristles: tibiae much stouter than the antenna: hind tarsi 
longer than the 5th, but shorter than the 3rd. antenna! joint: the 2nd tarsal 
joint about twice as long as the 1st. 

Length of body — about 4.5-5 mm. Antenna — about 1.6 mm. 

Hind tibia — about 3.Q nun. 

Winged viviparous female 

In a specimen treated with caustic potash, antennae dusky, abdomen with 
some small dusky s]iols on the dorsum, femora blackish except on the basal 
portions, tibiae almost as in the apterous form, cornicles, cauda and anal plate 
dark brownish. Body oblong, covered with many long rather tine bristles. Head 
divided, with many very long hairs which are a little longer than the 1st 
antenual joint. Antennae covered with many very long bristles which are 
somewhat stouter than, but almost as long as. those on the head: the 3rd joint 
provided with 15-18 medium-sized to very large circular or oval sensoria over 
the whole length arranged in a single row: the 4th with 3 or 4 very small or 
large circular sensoria over the whole length: the 5th with 2 sensoria. the 
primary sensorium very large: the relative length of joints about as follows: 
111-168. [V-58, V-74, Vl-48. The 1st oblique on the front wing straight; the 
2nd somewhat curved; the 3rd faint, obsolete at the base, twice forked: stigma 
large, not elongate at the apex; stigmatic vein stout, almost straight, reaching 
the apex of the wing: hind wings with 2 divergent obliques; booklets .">. 
Cornicles situated on hairy cones which are smaller, but higher than those of the 
apterous form Cauda and anal plate almost as in the apterous form. Legs 
long, rather slender, covered with many very long hairs; tibiae much stouter 
than the antenna: front tibiae almost as long as the antenna ; hind tarsi slightly 
longer than the 5th antenna! joint, the 2nd tarsal joint about twice as long as 


A)>hitlittae of Formosa 4. 30 

the 1st. 

Length of body — about 4.5 mm. Antenna — about 1.8 mm. 

Fore wing — about 5.25 mm. Hind tibia — about 3.25 mm. 

Hairs on the body of the winged form longer and more slender than those 
of the apterous form. 

Host. — Vinus sp. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Sakuragamine (altitude about 8000 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture. 

Some apterous ami a winged viviparous females were collected by the 
author on May 20, 1924. 

In tlw specimens treated with caustic potash, some small dusky spots are 
visible on the dorsum. These spots are groups of very small wax-pores which 
are rather irregular in shape. Each group is composed of about from 10 to 20 
wax-pores. 

Dilachnus taiwanus u. sp. 

Wingless viviparous female 

Blackish brown, shining, not covered with white wax. In specimens 
treated with caustic potash, body with some small dusky spots on the dorsum, 
antennae dusky at the apex id' the 5th joint and on the Gth, femora dusky on 
the distal hall', tibiae black, brownish on the portion near the base, tarsi black, 
cornicles, Cauda and anal plate almost blackish brown. 

Body oval, covered with many long line hairs. Head divided, with many 
long line hairs which are not erect, longer than the 1st antenna! joint. Eyes 
witli small ocular tubercle:-. Antennae rather slender, with many long line hairs 
which are not erect, almost as lone- as those on the head; the 3rd and 4th 
joints without sensoria ; the 4th almost as long as the hair on the antenna; the 
5th with the apical sensorium very large; the (jth with about l! sensoria near 
tin 1 primary one; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-110, IV-40, 
V-53, VT-48. Rostrum slender, reaching a little beyond the hind coxae. Cornicles 
mi conspicuous hairy cones. Cauda broadly rounded, with many long stout 
bristles. AanI plate larger than the cauda. with many long stout bristles. 

Legs long and rather stout, covered with many very long fine hairs ; tibiae 
much stouter than the antenna, front tibiae slightly shorter than the antenna: 
hind tarsi shorter than the 3rd, but longer than the ."ith antenna! joint, the 2nd 


10 


E. Takahaslii 


tarsal joint almost thrice as long as the 1st. 

Length of body — about ."3.8 mm. Antenna — about 1.4 mm. 

Hind tibia— about 1.9 mm. 

Winged viviparous female 

Legs black, except on the bases of femora, in a specimen treated with 
caustic potash, antennae dusky on the apices of the 3rd, 4th and 5th joints, 
and the 6th, abdomen with some small dusky spots. 

Body covered with many very long fine hairs. Antennae rather slender, 
almost as long as the front tibia, covered with many very long hairs which are 
a little shorter than the 4th joint and somewhat stouter than those on the 
body; the 3rd joint provided with 4 or 5 rather large circular sensoria on the 
distal half arranged in a single row: the 4th with 2 similar sensoria: the 5th 
with or without a secondary sensorium near the very large usual one : the 6th 
with some sensoria near the larger one: tin- relative length of joints about as 
follows: [11-112, IV-50, 7-65, VI-55. 

The 1st oblique on the front wing stouter than the "2nd, straight: the 2nd 
very slightly <>r scarcely curved: the 3rd faint, twice forked: stigma large, not 
elongate at the distal end: stigmatic vein very slightly or scarcely curved, 
extending to the apex id' the wing: hind wings with 2 divergent obliques; 
booklets 5. Legs very long, stout, much stouter than the antenna, covered with 
many very long hairs: bind tarsi shorter than the 3rd, hut longer than the 5th 
antennal joint, the 2nd tarsal joint about 3.5 times as long as the 1st. 

Length of body— about 4.2 mm. Antenna — about 1.5 mm. 

Fore wing — about 4.75 mm. Hind tibia — about 2.6 mm. 

1 lo-t. — Tsuga fwmosana. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Sakuragamine (altitude about 8000 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture. 

Some apterous and a winged viviparous females were collected by the 
author on May 20. 1924. 

Dilachnus formosanus Takah. 

Aphididae of Formosa — :;, p. 73 (1924). 

Dilachnus up. Takahashi, Aphididae of Formosa — 2. p. 46 (1923). 


Ajiliidklae of Formosa 4. 4 J 

Wingless viviparous female 

Dark brown, somewhat yellowish, not covered with white wax. Legs black, 
brownish on the liases of femora and the portions near the bases of tibiae. In 
specimens treated with caustic potash, antennae dusky on the apex of the 3rd 
joint and the 4th, 5th and 6th, abdomen with some dark brown spots, cornicles, 
Cauda and anal plate dark brown. 

Body oval. Head divided, provided with many very stout erect hairs, of 
which those on the front are a little longer, but somewhat shorter than the 2nd 
antennal joint. Antennae slender, a little shorter than the front tibia, provided 
with some very stout erect setae which are somewhat shorter than those on the 
head: the 3rd and 4th joints without sensoria ; the 5th provided with a small 
or medium-sized circular sens irium near the apical primary one that is not very 
large; the relative length of joints about as follows : III-170, IV-68, V-C5, VI-51. 

Rostrum slender, reaching beyond the hind coxae. Abdomen provided 
with many moderately long bristles. Cornicles situated on large hairy cones, 
the hairs on which a>-c longer than those on the abdomen. Cauda very short, 
rounded, with many very long bristles. Anal plate larger than the cauda, 
furnished with many very long bristles. Legs long, stout, provided with many 
very stout setae: tibiae much stouter than the antenna: hind tarsi shorter than 
the 3rd antennal joint, the 2nd tarsal joint about twice as long as the 1st. 

Length of body — about 5.5 mm. Antenna— about 2 mm. 

Hind tibia — about 4.2 mm. 

"Winged viviparous female 

In a specimen treated with caustic potash, antennae black, paler on the 
basal half of the 3rd joint, head and thorax blackish, abdomen with some 
brownish spots, femora black except on the bases, tibiae black at the base and 
on the distal half, cornicles, cauda and anal plate dark brownish. 

Head divided, with many very stout bristles, of which those on the front 
are somewhat longer, almost as long as the 2nd antennal joint. Antennae 
slender, shorter than the middle tibia, provided with some erect very stout setae 
which are shorter than the 2nd antennal joint, much shorter than the hairs on 
the head; the 3rd joint provided with 12-13 medium-sized or rather large 
circular sensoria arranged in a row over the whole length except on the base; 
the 4th with 2 similar sensoria on the distal half: the 5th with a medium-sized 


42 


B. Xakalmslii. 


sensorium near the primary one that is not very large; the relative length of 
joints about as follows: III-175, IV-75, V-65, VI-50. Wings long; the 1st 
oblique on the front wing straight; the 2nd scarcely or very slightly curved; 
the 3rd faint, twice forked; stigma normal: stigmatic vein scarcely curved, 
extending to the lip of the wing; hind wings with 2 divergent obliques; 
booklets li. Abdomen provided with many moderately long bristles, those on 
the last segment much longer. Cornicles on hairy cones. Legs long, rather 
slender, provided with many long \v\-y stout erect setae; tibiae much stouter 
than the antenna,; hind tarsi longer than the 4th, hut shorter than the 3rd 
antenna] joint: the 2nd tarsal joint about twice as long as the 1st. 

Length of body — about 5.5 mm. Antenna — about 2.0 mm. 

Fore wing — about G.4 mm. Hind tibia — about 4.3 nun. 

Hairs on the head somewhat longer than those of the apterous form. 

Host. — Finns sp., attacking the twig. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Shinten near Taihoku, Hori and Tattaka (altitude 
about 7330 feet) in Taichu-prefecture. 

Home apterous and a winged viviparous females were collected by the 
author at Tattaka ami Hori in .May, 1!»24. 

The above description was made from the specimens from Tattaka. These 
specimens differ from the type specimens of this aphid in the larger body, as 
well as in that the 4th antenna] joint of the winged form is somewhat longer 
than tlii- 5th. An apterous female, collected by the author al Shinteu near 
Taihoku on April 27. 1024. is porvided with one or two medium-sized sensoria 
about midlength of the 3rd antenna] joint. 

Dilachnus liquidambarus n. sp. 
Winged viviparous female 
Head, eyes, antennae, thorax, cornicles, cauda, coxae, tibiae and tarsi black. 
Distal halves of front and middle femora and apices of hind femora black, the 
remaining parts of femora reddish brown. Wings hyaline, very slightly clouded 
along the 1st and 2nd obliques and below the subcosta of the front wing: 
narrowly blackish brown on the distal part of the anterior margin of the front 
wing (this part is adjacent to the stigma); stigma almost black: subcosta almost 
black, with yellowish brown bases; other veins brownish. Abdomen brownish. 
with 3 large black patches on each side in front of the cornicle. 


Apbididae of Formosa. — 4. 43 

Body large, covered with many very long rather fine bristles. Head much 
wiiler than lung', divided, provided with many long bristles which are almost as 
long as the 2nd antennal joint. Eyes protuberant, with small ocular tubercles. 
Antennae covered with many very long bristles which arc almost as long as 
those on the head : the 2nd joint very slightly shorter than the 1st : the 3rd 
provided with about IS circular, somewhat protuberant sensoria, most of which 
are of medium size or rather small, arranged not in a single row along the 
whole length except on the basal portion : the 4th with about 5 similar sensoria 
arranged in a single row: the 5th with only a large circular sensorium at the 
tip; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-145, 1Y-60, V-65, VI-42. 
Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Wings soft: subcosta on the front wine- 
stout, witli about 7 minute sensoria near the base; the 1st and 2nd obliques 
stout, very closely arising, scarcely curved: the 3rd oblique not faint, but thinner 
than tin 1st and 2nd. a little obsolete at the base, twice forked on the left, 
thrice forked mi the right, the upper branch near])- extending to the apex of 
the wing; stigma long, elongated mi the distal portion: stigmatic vein almost 
as stout as the 3rd oblique, scarcely curved, extending to the tip of the -wing- 
hind wings witli 2 divergent obliques; booklets 5. Bristles on the dorsum of 
abdomen a little lunger than those on the head. In a specimen treated with 
caustic potash, a few small black spots are visible on the abdomen. Cornicles 
rather small, situated on high hairy cones. Cauda almost semicircular. Anal 
plate rounded. Legs very long, covered with many stouter bristles, some of which 
are longer and almost as long as those on the abdomen; tibiae much stouter 
than the antenna; hind tibiae somewhat tapering; hind tarsi a little longer 
than the 5th antennal joint, the 2nd tarsal joint almost twice as long as the 1st. 

Length of body — about 7.5 mm. Antenna — about 2.2 mm. 

Fore wing — about 7.7 mm. Hind tibia — about 6.2 mm. 

Host. — Liquidambar formosana. 

Distribution — Formosa: Nanto in Taichu-prefeeturc 

A single specimen was collected by Mr. J. Sonan on the plant above 
mentioned in February 1925. This aphis is peculiar in some characters of the 
wings and is not a typical Dilachnus. 

Stomaphis liquidambarus n. sp. 
Wingless viviparous female 


_JJ E. Takahashi. 

Almosi blackish on the dorsum, with 5 dusky spots arranged in a 
longitudinal row on the ventral side. Antennae, eyes, cornicles, cauda, femora 
and tarsi blackish. Tibiae brownish black, with the apices black. Body oblong, 
covered with many fine hairs. Head very short, much wider than long, divided, 
provided with many hairs which are shorter than the 2nd antennal joint. Eyes 
small, not protuberant, with the ocular tubercles somewhat protruding. Antennae 
more slender than the tibia, covered with many fine hairs which are slightly 
shorter than those on the head; the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd: the 
3rd provided with from 1-8 circular sensoria which are not protuberant, rather 
or very small, and arranged in a single row over the whole length except on 
the basal portion; the 4th with 4-6 medium sized or rather small sensoria 
arranged in a single row: the 5th with a very large circular sensorium at the 
apex which is not surrounded by a row of hairs: the 6th with a large oval 
sensorium and some very small circular ones; the relative length of joints about 
as follows: III-114, IV-51, V-60, VI-76. Rostrum very long, reaching beyond 
the apex of the abdomen. Hairs on the abdomen longer. Cornicles small, 
situated on very shallow cones. Legs slender, covered with many hairs which 
are shorter than those on the abdomen: hind tarsi long, rather slender, a little 
shorter than the 3rd antennal joint, provided with many longer hairs, the 2nd 
tarsal joint (excluding claws) about 4 times as long as the 1st. 

Length of body — about 5.2 mm. Antenna — about 2.3 mm. 

Hind tibia — about 2.0 mm. 

Winged' viviparous female 
Head., eyes, antennae, thorax, cornicles and cauda black. Legs black, tibiae 
brownish. Wings clouded along the veins. Body oblong, covered with many 
fine hairs. Antennae covered with many line hairs: the 1st joint much larger 
than the "2nd: the 3rd provided witli from 14-18 circular or oval, not protuberant 
sensoria, most of which are very large, arranged in a single row along the whole 
length : the 4th provided with from 4-<> large circular sensoria arranged in a 
single row along the whole length except on the basal portion; the 5th furnished 
with a very large circular sensorium at the tip: the 6th with a large oval 
sensorium and some very small circular ones: the relative length of joints about 
as follows: III-118, IV-51. V-58, YI-74. Rostrum reaching beyond the end of 
the' abdomen. Wing- narrow, with stout veins; front wings provided with 


Apkiditlae of Formosa— 4. 4.^ 

about 5 minute sensoria in a row on the basal part of the subcosta ; the. 1st 
oblique very stout, moderately curved; the 2nd distinctly curved on the distal 
portion; the 3rd not obsolete at the base, once branched, the upper branch 
extending near the apex of the wing; stigma stout: stigmatic vein moderate!;, 
curved: hind wings with 2 divergent obliques; booklets 5. Cornicles small, 
on hairy cones which are higher than in the apterous form. Cauda almost 
semicircular. Anal plate rounded. Legs slender, covered with fine hairs ; hind 
tarsi long, slender, a little longer than the 6th antennal joint, provided with 
longer hairs, the 2nd tarsal joint almost 4 times as long as the 1st. 

Length of body — about 4.7 mm. Antenna — about 2.2 mm. 

Fore wing — about 4.3 mm. Hind tibia — about 2.1 mm. 

Host. — Jjiguidwrnbar formosana, attaking the stem. 

Distribution — Formosa: Nanto in Taichu-prefecture. 

Some specimens protected by ants were collected by Mr. J. Sonan in 
February, 1925. This aphis i^ easily distinguishable from other Stomaphis bj 
the slender hind tarsi. 

Anoecia sp. 

Host. — unknown. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Niitakayama. 

A winged viviparous female with broken antennae was collected by Mr. J. 
Sonan at Hattsukan on September 12. 1924. The body, wings and legs of this 
specimen exactly agree with those of Anoecia corni Fab. The genus Anoecia 
is new to Formosa. 

Myzocallis mushensis n. sp. 

(PI. II, B. figs. 9-10) 

Winged viviparous female 

Tale yellow. Head and pronotum with 3 longitudinal brown stripes. Body 

narrow, soft, almost without hairs. Head somewhat protruding above the Iron; 

ocellus, with a pair of very short blunt tubercles between the antennae. Front;, 

tubercle's lacking. Eyes large, with ocular tubercles Antennae very long and 

slender, provided with a i'ew very short hairs ; the 1st joint a little larger than 

the 2nd; the 3rd dusky, paler at (lie base, a little shorter than the front tibia. 

stouter than the 4th and subsequent joint-, provided with about 40 sensoria 


4G E. Tnkalmshi. 

which are transversely narrowed, occupying half the circumference of the joint 
and regularly arranged over the whole length in a single row; the 4th dusky 
at the apex, without sensoria; the 5th dusky at the distal portion: the Gth 
dusky at the apex and middle; the relative length of joints ahout as follows: 
[11-148, IV-50. V-47, VI-51 (20 + 25). Rostrum rather stout, reaching the 
middle coxae. The 1st and 2nd obliques on the front wing curved: the 3rd 
obsolete at the base twice forked; stigmatic vein faintly indicated: hind wings 
with 2 very slightly divergent obliques ; hooldets 3. Basal 2 abdominal segments 
each on the durum with a, pair of small blunt dusky tubercles which are subequal 
in size: the 3rd. 4th. 5th and 7th segments each on the dorsum with a pail - of 
smaller similar tubercles which are almost subequal in size; the 6th and 8th 
each at the middle of the dorsum with a pair of very small similar tubercles, 
of which those on the Sth are smaller; basal 4 segments each near the side 
with a very short blunt tubercle that is dusky excepting that on the 3rd segment. 
Cornicles dusky, small, very slightly or scarcely constricted at midlength, 
somewhat expanded at the base, almost as long as wide at midlength. Cauda 
constricted at the base, with some very long bristles. Anal plate bilobed, each 
lobe somewhat narrower than the Cauda, with some very long bristles. Legs 
slender, furnished with many moderately to rather long setae; tibiae almost as 
stout as the 3rd antenna] joint: hind tarsi almost as long as the basal part of 
the last antennal joint. 

Body — -about 2.0 mm. Antenna — about 1.7 nun. 

Fore wing — about 2.5 mm.. 

Host. — Zelhowa formomna, attacking the young leaf. 

Distribution. — Formosa,: Mush a and Baikei in Taichu-prefecture. 

Some specimens were collected by the author and Miss. Rubikdon on May 
15, 1924. 

This species is easily distinguishable from 31. zellcowae Takah. (Proe. 
Ent. Soc. Washington, xxi, 7, p. 174) by the longer 3rd antennal joint which 
is provided with more sensoria, as well as by the dusky cornicles, The basal 2 
antennal joints seem to be somewhat dusky. 

Myzocallis sasae Mats ? 
Jl. Coll. Agr., Tohoku Imp. T'niv., vn, pt. 6. p. 372 (1917). 


Apliididae of Formosa — 4. 47 

Winged viviparous female 
Differs from M. bamhusifoliae Takali. in the following points : 

(1) Green, head and thorax very slightly brownish, with no spots and 
-tripos on the dorsum of body. 

(2) The 3rd antenna] joint black on the apical part and slightly 
dusky on the basal part; the 4th black on the distal half; the 5th and Gth 
blackish; sensoria on the 3rd somewhat larger. 

(3) Body, antennae and legs a little shorter. 
Host. — Banilmsa sp. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Taihoku. Japan. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

A few winged viviparous females were collected by the author on March 
9, 1924. at Taih.»ku. 

The 3rd antennal joint of the winged viviparous female is provided with 
about 4-7 subcircular or oval sensoria arranged in a single row on the basal 
portion; and the relative length of the antennal joints is about as follows: 
III-147, IV-93, V-79, VI-82 (45 + 37). 

Length of body — about 2.0 mm. Antenna — about 1.75 mm. 

Fore wing — about 2.5 mm. 

Oregma tattakana n. sp. 

(PL III, B, figs. 7-8) 
Wingless viviparous female 
Almost Mack, somewhat covered with a powder, and with a somewhat 
purplish tinge. (Nymph yellowish). Body provided with many long fine hairs 
that arc longer than the 3rd antennal joint. Head fused with the prothorax. 
Horns large, very stout, almost as long as or a little longer than the 1st antenna! 
joint, almost as stout as the 2nd antennal joint, not expanded at the base, not 
narrowed toward the apex, but sometimes very slightly narrowed toward the base, 
broadly rounded at the apex, a little longer than wide, far separated from each 
other, with a few line hairs. Eyes composed of 3, facets. Antennae very short, 
rather stout, 4-jointed, almost as long as the front tibia, with a few fine hairs 
that are much shorter than those on the head: the 3rd joint narrowed toward 
the base, the sensorium very small; the 4th almost as long as the basal 2 joints 
taken together; the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-18, IV-16. 


48 R- Takaliashi. 

Rostrum (short, stout, nearly reaching the middle coxae. Meso-and metathoraci 
and the 1st abdominal segment well defined; the 2nd and subsequent 5 
abdominal segments fused together. Cornicles small, very short, not situated 
on cones. Cauda very small, slightly constricted at the base, provided with a 
few bristles. Anal plate small, bibbed, with a few bristles. Tibiae almost as 
stout as the distal portion of the 3rd antennal joint, provided with some very 
long tine hairs: tarsi not imbricated; hind tarsi as long as or slightly longer 
than the 3rd antennal joint. Wax-pores not well developed, but numerous, 
small, circular or oval, scattered over the dorsum of the body, not transparent 
in specimens treated with caustic potash. 

Length of body — about 1.5 mm. 

Host — Arundinaria niitakayamensis, attacking the lower side of the leaf. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Tattaka (altitude about 7330 feet). 

Many apterous females were collected by the author on May 18, 1924. 

Oregma montana van der Goot ? 

Contrib. Fauna, hales. Neerland., 1, 3, p. 205 (1917). 

Host. — Bambusa stenostachya, Bambusa pachinensis, Arundinaria sp., 
attacking the lower surface of the leaf. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Heito, Sakuraonsen near Musha; Java. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

The wingless viviparous females densely grouping on the host were found 
in abundance on November 29, 1923, at Heito. A few winged and wingless 
forms 'were observed on the same host at Heito on February 17, 1924. 
Numerous apterous forms wire observed at Sakuraonsen near Musha in Taichu- 
prefecture on May 15, 1924. 

These specimens agree exactly with the original description in many 
characters, but differ from it as follows: 

(1) Body a little smaller. (2) Apterous form never yellowish. (3) Apterous 
form provided with 0-4 very small wax-pores on the dorsum of the head. (4) 
Apterous form provided with more wax-pores on the dorsum of the thorax. 
(.">) Nymphs never yellowish. 

An Oregma previously recorded by the author as montana v. d. Goot 
(Aphididae of Formosa, part 2, p. 52) is not true montana v. d. Goot, but is 
pseudomontana Takah. 


Apludkbe of Formosa — 4. 49 

Ceratoglyphma bambusae v. d. Goot. 

p. 237 (1916). 
Wingless viviparous female 

Almost exactly agrees with the original description, but is slightly smaller. 
Antennae 4-jointed, hut in some individuals 5-jointed. Thoracic and basal 8 
abdominal segments each with from 3 to 5 circular wax-pores arranged in a 
longitudinal row on the side. These pores not transparent in specimens treated 
with potash. 

Winged viviparous female 

Head, antennae and thorax black. Head broad, with a pair of short, 
sharply pointed horns which are very slightly shorter than the 2nd antenna! 
joint, not curved, broadened toward the base and provided with a few short 
hairs. Eyes large, with small ocular tubercles. Antennae short, the 3rd joint 
provided with about 22-27 ring-like sonsoria regularly distributed over the whole 
length; the 4th with 8 similar sensoria; the 5th with 6 or 7 similar ones; the 
relative length of joints about as follows: 111-55, IV-19, V-20. Rostrum stout, 
not reaching the middle coxae. Mesothorax large, simple on the dorsum. Fore 
wings very slightly clouded along the veins: veins stout: the 1st and 2nd obliques 
united at their bases, stouter than the 3rd; the 3rd obsolete at the base, once 
branched : stigmatic vein moderately curved ; hind wings with 2 divergent 
obliques ; booklets 3. Abdomen without wax-pores. Spiracles slightly protuberant. 
Cornicles almost as in the apterous form. Cauda very short, broadly rounded, 
not constricted, furnished with many long stiff hairs. Anal plate broad, not 
bilobed, with many similar hairs. Hind tarsi almost as long as the 5th antenna! 
joint. 

Body — about 2.0 mm. Fore wing — about 2.5 mm. 

Antenna — about 0.7 mm. 

Host. — Bambusa sp., attacking the lower side of the leaf. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Taihoku. Java. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

Many apterous and some winged viviparous females densely grouping on 
the basal portions of the leaves were collected by the author on Slav 23, 1925, 
at Taihoku. 

In the nymphs of the winged form, pro-and metathoraci and abdominal 


50 K. Takahashi. 

segments are provided with wax-pores on the side. The outlines of these pores 
are indistinct. 

Cerataphis bambusifoliae n. sp. 

(PL III, B, figs. 9-10). 
Wingless viviparous female 

Black, with white wax on the whole margin of the body. Body about 
1.4 times as long as wide, with a few very small hairs on the dorsum of the 
abdomen. Wax-pores very elongate, arranged in a single row on the whole 
margin of the body, about 270-280 in number. Head on the ventral surface 
between the antennae with '■) pairs of short liristles each arising from a minute 
tubercle, of these tubercles the hind pair the largest and the middle the smallest. 
Horns rather small, modi lately expanded towards the base, with the tip rounded, 
almost united on the basal half, almost as long as the 4th antennal joint. Eyes 
small, composed of 3 facets. Antennae short, rather slender, 5-jointed, with a 
few bristles; the 3rd joint almost as long as the basal 2 joints taken together, 
without sensoria : the 4th somewhat narrowed towards the base, the sensorium 
very small; the relative length of joints about as follows: [11-20, IV-13, V-28. 
Rostrum very stout, nearly reaching the middle coxae. Abdomen provided with 
a few bristles around the cornicle and some moderately long liristles on the 
hind portion of the venstral surface. Cornicles small, represented almost by 
pores. Cauda much wider than long, constricted at the base, almost as wide as 
the lobe of the anal plate, much larger than the cornicle, with some very long 
bristles, of which one pair is much longer and stouter. Anal plate bilobed, with 
some very long bristles. Legs short, with some rather long bristles; tibiae 
stouter than the antenna, hind tibiae almost as long as the antenna ; hind tarsi 
slightly shorter than the 5th antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 1.9 mm. 

Host. — Bambusa sp., attacking the leaf and stem. 

Distribution. — Formosa; Hori in Taichu-prefecture. 

Many wingless viviparous females were collected by the author on May 
23, 1924. 

Of the wax-pores on the margin of the body, those on the middle portion 
of the body are more elongate. This species may be easily distinguished from 


Aplndidae of Formosa— 4. 51 

other species of Cerataphis, O. lataneae Boisd., C. Jreycinetiae v. d. Goot and 
G. forrnosanus Takah., by the 5-jointed antennae. 

Aleurodaphis mikaniae n. sp. 
Wingless viviparous female 

Differs from A. blumeae v. d. Goot in the following characters : 

(1) Rostrum shorter, usually reaching the middle coxae. 

(2) Antennae longer, 5-jointed, the relative length of joints about as follows: 
111-40, IV-20, V-33. In A, blumeae they are 4 or 5-jointed, with the 3rd joint 
shorter. 

(3) Wax-pores on the margin of the body more in number (about 180 in all). 
In A. blumeae they are about 120 in number. 

Length of body — about 1.6 mm. Antenna — about 0.5 mm. 

Host. — Mikania scandens, attaking the stalk. 
Distribution. — Sakuraonsen in Taichu-prefecture. 

Numerous apterous females quite densely grouping were observed in 
abundance on May 15, 1924. This species is reddish brown in colour. 

Astegopteryx cuspidatae Essig et Kuw. 

Nipponaphis cuspidatae, Essig and Kuwana, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sc., 4th 
series, vm, p. Ill (1918); Takahashi, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Hoc, XV, No. 4, p. 
116 (1020). 

Astegopteryx cuspidatae, Takahashi, Aphididae of Formosa, 2, p. 149 (1923). 

Host. — Quercus stenophylloides. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Sakuragamine (altitude about 8000 feet) in Taichu- 
prefecture ; Japan. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

Many apterous females cemented to the branches were collected by the 
author on May 20, 1924. 

Astegopteryx sp. 

Wingless viviparous female 
Black; eyes, antennae, legs, cauda, anal plate and bristles black, with 
white wax on the whole margin of the body. Body flattened, very hard, 
provided with about 25 long, very stout bristles. Head very wide on the front. 


t-a E. Takabaslii. 

Eyes situated 011 the margin of the bead, protuberant, composed of 3 facets. 
Antennae very short, shorter than the bristle on the body, 3-jointed. Rostrum 
reaching the middle coxae. Legs very short. Genital plate rather large, provided 
with about 15 long stout bristles arranged in a row on the posterior margin, 
these bristles much shorter than those on the body. Cauda constricted at the 
base, furnished with some long bristles. Anal plate bilobed, with some similar 
bristles. In specimens treated with caustic potash, numerous small wax-pores ? 
visible which are not transparent, rather irregular in shape and scattered over 
the dorsum. 

Length of body — about 1.4 mm. 

Host. — Quercus glauca, attacking the branch. 

Distribution. — Formosa: Baikei near Musha in Taichu-prefecture ; Shirin. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

Many apterous forms firmly cemented to the host were collected by the 
author on May 21, 1924. They were covered with tents by ants. This species 
closely resembles Astegopteryx hongkongensis v. d. Goot and A. arboris v. d. 
Goot. No winged forms have ever been collected. 

Formosaphis n. g. 

(Winged form) Body provided with a few bristles which are not capitate, 
without dorsal tubercles. Head divided, without wax-plates. Frontal tubercles 
absent. Eyes with small ocular tubercles. Antennae short, stout, 5-jointed, 
almost without hairs, a very large sensory area which is reticulated present on 
each of the 3rd, 4th and 5th joints, spur of the last joint very small. Fore 
wings with the 3rd oblique simple, stigma not elongate; hind wings with 2 
obliques. Abdomen with wax-plates. Cornicles absent. Cauda not distinct. 
Anal plate rounded. Tarsi normal. 

(Wingless form) Head small. Eyes of 3 facets. Antennae 4 or 5-jointed, 
without secondary sensoria ; primary sensoria circular, small. The 7th abdominal 
segment with a small blunt tubercle on the side. Other characters almost as in 
the winged form. 

Type — Formosaphis miclieliae a. sp. 

This genus is peculiar in the nature of the autennal sensoria of the winged 
form, and will fall in Melaphidini. 


Aphiilklae of Formosa — 4. 53 

Formosaphis micheliae n. sp. 

(PL IV, B, tigs. 1-4) 

Winged viviparous female 

Yellow. Head, eves, antennae and thorax black. Wings somewhat dusky ; 
stigma and veins blackish. Body oblong. Head divided, provided with some 
very short hairs, without wax-plates. Eyes large, not distinctly protruding, with 
the ocular tubercles very small. Frontal tubercles absent. Antennae short, stout, 
5-jointed, without hairs; the 3rd joint almost as long as the basal 2 joints taken 
together: a very large sensory area which is reticulated present on each of the 
3rd, 4lh and 5th joints; the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-35, 
IV-40, V-45. Rostrum almost reaching the hind coxae. Fore wings with the 
3rd oblique not branched, the 1st and 2nd obliques almost united at their bases, 
stigma not elongate : hind wings with 2 obliques which are united at their bases. 
Abdomen furnished with some wax-plates, from each of which a rather long 
bristle arises. Cornicles absent. Cauda not distinct, Anal plate large, rounded, 
with some rather long bristles. Legs moderately long ; femora almost as stout 
as or more so than the antenna; tibiae slender, with many moderately long- 
setae, furnished with a few short spine-like setae at the apex; tarsi not imbricated; 
hind tarsi slightly shorter than the 3rd antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 2.5 mm. Antenna — about 0.75 mm. 

Metanotum with a pair of small subcircular wax-plates ?. 

Full-grown nymph of winged viviparous female 
Body furnished with a few rather long bristles on the dorsum. Eyes of 
numerous facets, not protuberant, with small ocular tubercles. Antennae large, 
very stout, 5-jointed, without liairs ; the 4th joint with a very small circular 
sensorium; the 5th with a somewhat larger oval sensorium: the relative length 
of joints as follows: 111-25, IV-31, V-41. Rostrum reaching the hind coxae. 
Abdomen with a wax-plate on the side of each of the 3rd and 7th segments, 
4 wax-plates arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum of each of the 4th, 
5th and 6th segments ; these wax-plates rather large, subcircular or oval, and a 
rather long bristle arises from each; the 7th segment with a small blunt tubercle 
on the side. Cornicles absent. 

Length of body — about 2.0 mm. 


54 E - Takahashi. 

Wingless viviparous female 

Brownish yellow, somewhat with cottony secretions. Head dusky on the 
dorsum. Antennae, anal plate and legs dusky. Body oval, soft, with a few 
rather lung bristles on the dorsum. Head small, not divided, with about 3 pairs 
of small circular wax-secreting arears ? on the dorsum. Eyes composed of 3 
facets. Frontal tubercles absent. Antennae very short, 4 or 5-jointed, furnished 
with a few short hairs: the last 2 joints each with a very small circular 
sensorium : the relative length of joints about as follows: 1-10, 11-12, III-X, 
IV-14, V-25. Rostrum large, reaching the middle coxae or a little beyond the 
hind coxae. Abdomen furnished with a wax-plate on the side of each of the 
3rd and 7th segments. 4 wax-plates arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum 
of each of the 4th, 5th and (>th segments: these wax-plates rather large, 
subcircular and a rather long bristle arises from each ; the 7th with a small 
blunt tubercle on the side. Cornicles absent. Cauda not distinct. Anal plate 
large, rounded, with many long bristles. Legs short: tibiae with a few short 
hairs, on the apex provided with a few short spine-like setae; front tibiae 
almost as stout as the antenna : hind tibiae somewhat longer than the antenna; 
hind tarsi a little longer than the 3rd antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 2.0 mm. 

Host. — Michelia longifolia, attacking the stem and branch. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Taihoku. 

Numerous apterous females the antennae of which were 4- jointed were 
observed on July 25, 1024. Numerous winged forms and their nymphs, as well 
as a tew apterous forms with 5-jointed antennae, were observed on November 
20, 1924. 

Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa. 

Tetraneura ? sp. 

(PI. IV, B, figs. 6-9) 

AVingless viviparous female 

Almost yellowish brown, with brownish dusky legs (colour notes from 
specimens preserved in alcohol). Body stout, furnished with a few small, circular 
or oval wax-plates, covered with moderately long bristles which are finer thau 
those on the antenna. Head small. Eyes composed of 3 facets. Antennae 


Apliidiilae of Formosa 4. 55 

much more slender than the tibia, almost as long as the hind tibia and tarsus 
(n< t including the claw) taken together, 6-jointed, covered with numerous bristles 
which are almost as long as those on the body and shorter than the last joint: 
the 5th joint with a very small circular scnsorium at the apex, which is 
surrounded by a row of short setae; the 6th very short, conical, with a similar 
sensorium, furnished with a few longer bristles; the relative length of joints 
about as follows: 1-16, 11-20. 111-17, IV- 1."), Y-46, VI-11. Rostrum very stout, 
reaching the hind coxae. Cornicles very small, situated on small, somewhat 
elevated cones. Abdomen furnished with some extremely long stout bristles on 
tin- terminal portion. Cauda very small, with a few (4 ?) rather long bristles. 
Anal plate bilobed. Legs rather large, very stout, covered with many hairs 
which are almost similar to those on the body; femora stouter than, but almost 
as long as, the tibia ; tarsi stout, somewhat tapering, one-jointed, not imbricated, 
with a few longer bristles, almost as long as the 4th antennal joint. 

Length of body — about 3.2 mm. Antenna — about 0.77 mm. 

Host. — A plant of the Gramineae, attacking the root. 

Distribution. — Formosa : Toeeikaku, Taichu- prefecture. 

Pome apterous forms were collected on December 25, 1924. 

The 5th antennal joint is sometimes provided with a small circular sensorium 
not surrounded by setae near the base. 


5(5 B. Takalmshi 

Field observations on some 
Apbididae in Formosa (supplement) 

Macrosiphum gobonis Mats. 

Cirsium JcawaJeamii : many viviparous females were observed on tbis plant 
on May lit. 1924, at Tattaka, Taichu-prefecture. 

Macrosiphum pisi Kalt. 

Myrica rubra : some apterous viviparous females collected on this plant on 
May 17. 1924, at Tattaka seem to belong to this species. 

Macrosiphum granarium Kirby. 

Setaria glauca: some apterous and winged viviparous females were observed 
on October 26, 1923. near Taihoku. 

Macrosiphum ciiricola v. d. Goot. 
Thea japonica : a few apterous forms on April 29, 1923, at Taihoku. 

Macrosiphum sanborni Gillette. 

The viviparous females were found in abundance on the host on October 
1, 1923, at Taihoku. 31. nishigaharae Essig et Kuw. is a- synonym of this 
species. 

Myzus persicae Sulz. 

Ipomaea batatas: abundant on December 23, 1923, near Taihoku. 

Nerium odorum: a few apterous viviparous females in April. 1923, at 
Taihoku. 

Polygonum multiilorum : a few apterous viviparous, females on April 24, 
1923, at Taihoku. 

Antirrhinum majus : a few apterous viviparous females in January, 1924, 
at Taihoku. 

Zelkowa formosana: a few apterous viviparous females on May 15, 1924, 
at Baikei, Taichu-perfecture. 

Sesamum indicum : some apterous forms on June 15. 1924, at Taihoku. 


Aphidictoe of Formosa— 4. 57 

Phoroddn hamuli Schrahk. 

Numerous apterous viviparous females were observed on Humulus japonicus 
on January 14, 1025, at Taihoku. 

Trichosiphonaphis polygoniformosanus Takah. 

Numerous brownish yellow apterous forms were observed on Polygonum 
perfoliatum on August 1G, 1923, at Taihoku. 

Rhopalosiphum avenue Fab. 

Oryza sativa : some viviparous females were observed on this plant in a 
glass house on April 24, 1923, at Taihoku. 

Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae L. 

Primus communis: abundant on February 25, 1923, at Taihoku. 
Salvinia natans : a few nymphs on October 14, 1923, near Taihoku. 

Aphis fovaresi Del Guercio. 

Citrus sp. : winged and wingless viviparous females were abundantly 
observed on October 15, 1923, at Sozan near Taihoku; numerous winged ones 
were collected in March, 1924, at Heito. 

Hyalopteru8 pruni Fab. 
Prunus communis: abundant on May 14, 1924. at tSlmshu, Taichu-prefecture. 

Greenidea taiwana Takah. 

Meliosma rigida: apterous forms were abundant in June. 1924. at Shinten, 
near Taihoku. 

Eutrichosiphum minutum Takah. 

A few apterous forms were collected on Trachelospermum jasminoides 
on October G, 1924, near Taihoku. 

Eutrichosiphum lithocarpi Maki. 

Castanopsis subacuminata : many viviparous females, both winged and 


5g R. Takahaslri. 

winsless, were observed on November 25, 192.3. at Botan and Kusukusu, Koshun. 

Oregma lanigera Zehnt. 

Many apterous and winged viviparous females were found on a Mi scant hus 
on October 21, 1923, at Taihoku. 

Cerataphis lataniae Boisd. 

Numerous apterous and a few winged forms were observed on Areca 
catechu on September 5, 1924, at Taihoku. 

Some apterous females and two nymphs of the winged form were collected 
on Pathos seemanni (Aroideae) at Urai on duly 6, 1925. 


ApliiiliiUe of Formosa — 4. 59 

Food plant catalogue of the Formosan Aphididae 
(Supplement — 2) 

Antirrhinum majuB L. (Scrophularineae) 
Myzus persicae Hulz. 

Arctium lappa L. (Oompositae) 
Macrosiphum sp. 

Areca catechu L. (Palmae) 

Cerataphis lataniae Boisd. 

Arundinaria niitakayamensis Hay. (Gramineae) 
Oregma tattakana Takah. 

Arundinaria sp. 

Oregma montana v. d. Goot ? 

Astilbe longicarpa Hay. (Saxifrageae) 
Myzus montanua Takah. 

Bambusa pachinensis Hay. (Gramineae) 
Oregma montana v. d. Goot ? 

Bambusa stenostachya Hack. 

Oregma montana v. d. Goot ? 

Bambusa sp. 

Cerataphis bambusifoliae Takah. 
Ceratoglyphina bambusae v. d. Goot. 
Myzocallis sasae Mats ? 

Brassica oleracea Lour. (Crucit'erae) 
Brevicoryne brassicae L. 

Castanea formosana Hay. (Cupnliferae) 
Greenidea tattakana Takah. 


GO 


E. Takaliaslu. 

Casuarina equisetifolia L. (Casuarineae) 
Aphis gossypii Glov. 

Cirsium kawakamii Hay. (Compositae) 
Macrosiphum gobonis Mats. 

Desmodhmi triquestrum DC (Leguminosae) 
Aphis sp. 

Evodia roxburghiana Benth. (Kutaceae) 
Macrosiphum sp. 

Ficus aukeotsang Mak. (Urticaceae) 
Toxoptera auiantii Buyer. 

Ficus elastica Koxb. 

Astegopteryx fici Takali. 

Lactuca oldhami (Oompositae) 
Macrosiphum sp. 

Lespedeza sp. (Leguminosae) 
Aphis sp. 
Macrosiplium sp. 

Liquidambar formosana Hay. (Hammamelideae) 
Dilachnus liquidambarus Takah. 
Stomaphis liquidambarus Takah. 

Lobelia pyramidalis Wall, (Campanulaceae) 
Anuraphis helichrysi Kalt. 

Mahonia morrieonensis Takeda. (Berberideae) 
Amphorophora viburni Takah. 

Mains formosana Kaw. et Koid. (Rosaceae) 
Myzus sp. 


AphiiliJae of Formosa — 4. 61 

Mangifera indica L. (Anacanliaceae) 
Greenidea mangiferae Takah. 

Melastoma candidum Don. (Melastomaceae 
Aphis gossypii Glov. 

Meliosma rigida S. et Z. 

Greenidea taiwana Takah. 

Michelia longifolia Blum. (Magnoliaceae) 
Formosaphis micheliae Takah. 

Mikania scandens Willd. (Compositae) 
Aleurodaphis mikaniae Takah. 

Myrica rubra 8. et Z. (Myricaceae) 
Aphis sp. 

Greenidea myricae Takah. 
Macrosiphum pisi Kalt. 

Nerium odorani Saland. (Apocynaceae) 
Aphis nerii Boyer. 
Aphis sp. 

Petasites tricholobus Franch. (Compositae) 
Capitophorus sp. 
Macrosiphum sp. 

Phragmites karka Trin. (Gramineae) 
Aphis bamhusae Full ? 

Pinus sp. (Coniferae) 

Dilachnus orientalis Takah. 

Polypodium ellipticum Thunb. (Polypodiaceae) 

Amphorophora katoi Takah. 

Prunus communis Huds. (Rosaceae) 
Hyalopterus pruni Fab. 


C2 


K. Takahashi. 

Prunus taiwaniana Hay. 

Myzus sakurae Mats ? 

Quercus glauca Tlmnli. (Oupuliferae) 
Astegopteryx sp. 
Greenidea nigrofasciata Maki. 

Quercus serrata Thunb. 

Greenidea tattakana Takali. 

Quercus stenophylloides Hay. 

Astegopteryx cuspidatae Essig et Kuw. 
Greenidea kuwanai Perg. 
Greenidea tattakana Takah. 

Quercus sp. 

Astegopteryx sp. 
Greenidea inusliana Takali. 
Greenidea sp. 
Myzocallis sp. 

Rhododendron lasiostylum Hay. (Ericaceae) 
Macrosiphum itoe Takah. 

Rosa sp. (Rosaceae) 

Macrosiphum rosaefblium Theob. 

Rubus sp. (Rosaceae) 

Matsumuraja formosana Takah. 

Saccharum officinarum L. (Gramiueae) 
Aphis sacchari Zehut. 

Salix sp. 

Cavariella japonica Essig et Kuw. 

iScirpus lacustris L. (Cyperaceae) 
Toxoptera scirpi Pass. 


Aphklidae of Formosa — 4" 63 

Sesamum indLum L. (Pedalineae) 
Myzus persicae Sulz. 

Setaria italica Kuntli. (Qrainineae) 
Aphis maidis Fitch. 

Siegesbeckia orientalis L. (Compositae) 
Myzus sp. 

Solidago virga-aurea L. (Compositae) 
Macrosiphuin sp. 

Stellaria aquatica Scop. (Oaryohylleae) 

Amphorophora sp. 

Tsuga formosana Hay. (Coniferae) 
Dilachnus taiwanus Takah. 

Wendlandia panicalata DC. (Bttbiaceae) 

Aphis odinae v. d. Goot. 

Viburnum arboricolum Hay. (Caprifoliaceae) 
Amphorophora viburni Takah. 

Zelkova formosana Hay. (Urticaceae) 
Myzocallis nmshensis Takah. 
Myzus persicae Sulz. 

(Hosts unknown) 

Anoecia sp. 

Lachnus niitakavamensis Takah. 


g/j K. Takahasln. 

General consideration 

(1) At present 181 species of the subfamily Aphidinae arc known to 
occur in Formosa. Of these species, 103 belong to the tribe Aphidina, 1G to 
the tribe Greenideina, 12 to the tribe Callipterina, 15 to the tribe Lachnina, 
26 to the trilie Hormaphidina and 9 to the tribe Pemphigina. The subfamily 
Chermesinae is very scarce in species, containing only one unidentified species 
attacking Pinus sp. It is very remarkable that the Greenideina and Hormaphidina 
have many species, while the Callipterina and Pemphigina, as well as Chermesinae, 
are relatively fewer in species. A similar fact is also seen in the aphid fauna 
of Java. In Japan proper, however, the Greenideina and Hormaphidina are 
very few in species, though the Pemphigina, Callipterina and Chermesinae have 
many species. This indicates that the aphid fauna of Formosa is to he regarded 
as Oriental rather than Palaearctic. 

( 2 ) The following cosmopolitan species have been found in Formosa : 
Macrosiphum rosae L., M.pisi Kalt.. 31. granarium Kirhy., 31. sm/bonii Gillette, 
Myzus persicae Sulz., Phorodon humuli L., RhopalosipJmm avenae Fab., Ji. 
nyrnphaeae L., B. pseudobrassicae Davis, Aphis gossypii Glow, A. medicaginis 
Koch, A. rumicis L., A. pomi De Geer, A. maidis Fitch, Toxoptera aurantii 
Boyer, Brevicoryne brassicae L., Anuraphis helichrysi Kalt., Hyalopterus pruni 
Fab., Lachnus viminalis Boyer, etc. 

(•°>) Of the 162 Formosan aphids, excluding the above named cosmopolites, 
about 4.") species have also been found in Japan proper. Cavariella japonica 
Essig et Kuw., Greenidea hawanai Perg. and Astegopteryx cuspidatae Essig et 
Kuw., in Formosa, arc found only on high mountains (altitude more than 7000 
feel . though they occur in low localities in Japan. 

According to P. van dor Goot, about 80 species of the family arc known 
in Java, of these 31. including about 14 cosmopolites, have been collected in 
Formosa. From India, about 60 species have been recorded, of which "27. 
including about 17 cosmopolitan species, have been discovered in our island. 
The species hitherto recorded from China and the Philippines are not sufficiently 
numerous to be considered here. 

from our present knowledge, the aphid fauna of Formosa appears to be 
very closely related to that of Japan proper. However, as further thorough 
researches are made on these infects in China, the Philippines, India, the Malay 


Aphididae of Foamosa — 4. g5 

Peninsula and other adjacent regions, it will probably be proven that the aphid 
fauna of Formosa is more closely related to that of Southern Asia than to that 
of Japan. It is very interesting that PterocMorus tropicalis v. d. Goot found 
in India, China and Japan is not seen in Formosa. 

(4) Up to the present time about 3740 species of plants arranged in 
about 1200 genera have been recorded from Formosa. Of these plants about 
260 species in 179 genera are now known to be fed upon by aphids in Formosa. 

(5) Near Taihoku almost all aphids are viviparous throughout the year, 
without producing sexual forms; and CaUipterus hahawaluokalani Kirk, is the 
only species in Formosa, which is. at present, known to produce the males and 
oviparous females in the fall and to pass the winter only in the egg stage. 

Shivaphis celt! Das on old Celtic sometimes produces males, as well as 
oviparous females, in the fall, though the same species on younger host-trees is 
continuously viviparous, without producing the true sexes, even in the winter 
(see "Aphididae of Formosa," part 2, p. 132 and part 3, p. G6). An oviparous 
female has been discovered in Neophyllaphis podocarpi Takah.. although the 
males have never been collected (see "Aphididae of Formosa", part 2, p. 129). 
A few males of Myzus pcrsicae Sulz. (-'Aphididae of Formosa", part 2, p. 21), 
Hyalopterus chenopodii Schrank and Brachycolus heraclei Takah. (see "Aphididae 
of Formosa", part 3, pp. 48 and 50) have been found near Taihoku, their 
oviparous females, however, having never been discovered in Formosa. 

(6) There are numerous natural enemies of these insects in Formosa, but 
it is a very interesting fact that no Hymenoptera parasitic upon Oregmd have 
ever been collected there. 


Explanation of plates 
Plate I. 

A 
Macrosiphum itoc n. sp. 
(Wingless viviparous -^-) 

Fig. 1 Head. 

Fig. 2 Cornicle. 

Figs. 3-4 Cauda, hairs being removed. 

(Winged viviparous -^-) 
Fig. 5 Cornicle. 

Myzus montanus n. sp. 
Fig. <j Cornicle of young nymph. 

Myzus species on Malus formosanus. 
(Wingless viviparous -^-) 

Figs. 7-8 Cornicle. 

Fig. 9 Inner side of frontal tubercle 

Myzus sakurae Mats. ? 
(Wingless viviparous ■$-) 
Figs. 10-11 Cornicle. 

B 

Macrosiphum rosaefolium Theob. 
(Wingless viviparous ■%-) 

Fig. 1 Frontal tubercles. 

Fig. 2 Cornicle. 

Myzus sakurae Mats. ? 

(Wingless viviparous JjL) 

Fig. .'] Head. 

(Winged viviparous -2.) 

Fig. 4 Head. 

Fig. 5 Cornicle. 

Myzus montanus n. sp. 


(Wingless viviparous -2-) 

Fig. 6 Head. 

Fi<*. 7 Cornicle. 

(Winged viviparous -2-) 

Fie. 8 Cornicle. 

Fio-. 9 Cauda, hairs being removed. 

Fio-. 10 Frontal tubercle and 1st antennal joint. 


Plate II. 

A 

Capitophorus sp. on Petasites trlcholobus. 
Fig. 1 Cornicle of wingless viviparous -2- 

Mafsumuraja formosana a. sp. 
(Wingless viviparous -2-) 

Fig. 2 Head. 

Fig. 3 Cauda. 

Fig. 4 Cornicle. 

AmphoropJiora viburni n. sp. 
(on Mahonia mwrisonensis) 

Fig. 5 Cornicle of winged viviparous -2- 

( Wingless viviparous 2-) 

Fig. 6 Head. 

Fig. 7 Cornicle. 

Fig. 8 Cauda. 

P. 

Amphorophora viburni n. sp. 
Fig. 1 Cauda of winged viviparous -2- 

Amphorophora sp. on Stellaria. 
Fig. 2 Cornicle of wingless viviparous -2- 

Toxoptera scifpi Pass. 
(Wingless viviparous -2-) 


Fig. 3 Head. 

Fig. 4 = .. Cornicle. 

Fig. 5 Cauda , 

(Winged viviparous -^-) 

Fig. (5 3rd and 4th antennal joints. 

Fig. 7 Cornicle. 

Fig. 8 Cauda. 

Myzocallis mushensis n. sp. 
(Winged viviparous -£-) 

Fig. 9 Seneoria on 3rd antenna! joint. 

Fig. 10 Cornicle. 

Greenidea mushana n. sp. 
Fig. 11 Cornicle of winged viviparous-^-. 

Plate m. 

A 

Gfreenidea mushana n. sp. 

Fig. 1 Sensoria on 3rd antennal joint of winged 

viviparous -^-. 

Ch-eenidea taiwana Takali. 
Fig. 2 3rd antennal joint of winged viviparous -%-. 

Greenidea myricae n. sp. 

Fig. 3 Cornicle, hairs being removed, of winged 

viviparous -<jL. 
Fig. 4 Cornicle of wingless viviparous .ijL. 

Dilachnus tahvanus n. sp. 

Fig. 5 Cornicle, hairs being removed, of wingless 

viviparous ^-. 
Dilaehms oriental is n. sp. 
(Wingless viviparous -^-) 
Fig. 6 Cornicle, hairs being removed. 


(Winged viviparous ■%-) 
Fig. 7 Part of 3rd antenna! 'joint. 

B 

Greeni&ea tattakana n. sp. 
(Winged viviparous -^-) 

Fig. 1 3rd antennal joint. 

Fig. '2 Cornicle. 

(Wingless viviparous -^-) 
Fig. 3 .'. .' Cornicle. 

Etitrichosiphum minutmn Takah. 
(Winged viviparous -^-) 

Fig. 4 Cornicle, hairs being removed. 

Fig. 5 3rd antennal joint. 

(Wingless viviparous -^-) 
Fig. 6 Cornicle. 

Orcgma tattakana n. sp. 

(Wingless viviparous -^-) 

Fig. 7 Horns on head. 

Fig. 8 Cornicle. 

Cerataphis bambusifoliae n. sp. 
(Wingless viviparous -SjL) 

Fig. 9 Horns on head. 

Fig. 10 Antenna. 

Plate IV. 
A 

Amphorophora katoi n. sp. 

(Wingless viviparous female) 

Figs. 1-2 Cornicle. 

Fig. 3 Cauda. 

Fig. 4 : . . . . .Frontal tubercles. 


(Winged viviparous female) 

Fig. 5 Cauda. 

Fig. 6 Cornicle. 

Myzics poJijpodicola Takah. 
Collected in Sumatra. 

(Wingless viviparous female) 

Fig. 7 Cauda 

Fig. 8 Cornicle. 

B 

Formosaphis micheliae n. g. et n. sp. 
(Winged viviparous female) 

Fig. 1 Antenna. 

Fig. 2 Part of sensory area of untenua. 

Fig. 3 Wax-plate on the dorsum of the full-grown 

nymph. 
Fig. 4 Antenna of the same. 

Myzus polypodicola Takah. 
(Wingless viviparous female) 
Fig. 5 Head. 

Tetraneura ? sp. 
(Wingless viviparous female) 

Fig. 6 Anten na. 

Fig. 7 Hind leg (hairs removed from the tibia). 

Fig. S Cornicle. 

Fig. VMominal apex. 


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Index 


Aleurodapbis p age 
mikaniae Takah 51 

Amphorophora 

katoi Takah 2.3 

species. 27 

\ iliurni Takah 23 

Anoecia 

corni Fal > 45 

species 45 

Aphis 

gosaypii Glov 28 

shirakii Takah 28 

tavaresi Del Guer 57 

tectonae v. d. Goot 28 

Astegopteryx 

cuspidatae Essig et Kuw 51 

species 51 

Brevicoryne 

brassicae L 27 

Capitophorus 

species 21 

Cavariella 

japonica Essig ct Kuw 28 

( Vmtaphis 

bambusifoliae Takah 50 

lataniae Boisd 58 

( leratoglyphina 

bambusae v. d. Goot 49 

Cervaphis 

quercus Takah 36 

Dilachnus 

formosanus Takah 40 

liquidambarus Takab 42 


Page 

orientals Takah 37 

taiwanus Takah 30 

Eutrichosiphum 

lithocarpi Maki 57 

minutum Takah 57 

Formosaphis 52 

micheliae Takah 53 

Fullawayella 18,27 

Greenidea 29 

kuwanai Perg 30 

mangiferae Takah 33 

mushana Takah 35 

myricae Takah 31 

specif js 36 

fcaiwana Takah 29,57 

tattakana Takah 30 

Hyalopterus 

prun i Fab .37 

Lachnus 

niitakayamensis Takah 3t> 

Macrosiphum 

citricola v. d. (snot 56 

goliniiis I\[ats 56 

granarium Kirby 56 

itoe Takah 11 

aishigaharae Essig et Kuw ...56 

pisi Kalt 56 

rosaefoluuu Theob 9 

sanl K irni G illette 56 

species 9 

species 10 

species 11 


Matsumuraja 

i'i irmi isana Takah 22 

Myzocallis 

mushensis Takah 4."> 

sasae Mats. ? 46 

Myzus 

nil urn in is Mats 14 

moatanus Takah 17 

] lersicae Sulz 56 

polypodicola Takah IS 

sakurae Mats. ? 15 

species 13 

species 14 

tropicalis Takah 16 

w< h idwardiae Takah 20 

varians David L6 


Oregma 

lanigera Zehnt 58 

montana v. d. Goot. ? 48 

tattakana Takah 47 

Ehopalosiphum 

avenae Fah 57 

nymphaeae L 57 

Stomaphis 

liquidambarus Takah 43 

Tetraneura ! J 

species 54 

Toxoptera 

scirp i Pass 28 

Trichosiphonaphis 

I ii ilygt mi formosanus Takah 57 


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