'^"•l^;>^cr,

1. •

REPORT No. 10 JULY, 1924

QL
527

A64T13
pt .3
ENT

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

GOVERNMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE

FORMOSA, JAPAN

APHIDIDAE OF FORMOSA

PART 3

BY

RYOICHI TAKAIIASHI

PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE
TAIHOKU, FORMOSA

'J'^'l^:..?,

REPORT No. 10 JULY, 1924

QL
527

A64T13
Pt .3
ENT

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

GOVERNMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE

FORMOSA, JAPAN

APHIDIDAE OF FORMOSA

PART 3

BY

KYOICHI TAKAIIASHI

PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE
TAIHOKU, FORMOSA

m m m>

^^m^mmmum'^

r=i

mmmmm=-m^ji'm^{E.)

msM^^m^Br

:/« JE. -H s: 'tis. .4^ m

Contents

J'llgO

Introduction 1

Notes on the morpliology of the nymphs of Apliidinae 2

Certain Formosan Aphidicke, with descriptions of tlie nymphs of some of the

species 15

Certain Japanese Aphididae , ^01

Food plant catalogue of tlie Formosan Apliididae (Supplement) 119

Plates.
Index.

APHIDIDAE OF FORMOSA— 3.

By

Ryoichi Takahashi

Introduction

The present paper is a continuation of the author's studies published as part
one (Agricultural Experiment Station, Formosa, Report Xo. 20, 1921) and part
two (Government Research Institute, Department of Agriculture, Formosa, Report
No. 4, 1923) under this general title.

The study of the immature stages of Aphididae has been practically neglected,
and in the present report the author has presented the results of his studies on the
nymphs of these insects, and also will describe certain species from Formosa, as well
as others from Japan. Moreover, notes on certain species and keys for the identi-
fication of the nymphal instars are given. The species which are added in this
paper to the aphid-fauna of our island are as follows :

3Iacrosiphum sniilacicola n. sp.

M. perUlar n. sp.

M. spp.

Myms varians Davidson.

M. plantagineus Pass?

CajjitojjJiorus hragr/ii Gillette.

a sp.

Aphis petcmticola n. sp.
Aimrapliis artemisiae n. sp.
Ht/alopterus chenopodii Schrank.
Greenidea tenuicorpus Okajima.
MyzocalUs /ormosauus n. sp.
Dilaclmus formosamcs n. sp.
Unilachnus orientalis n. sp.
Aiceona osugii n. sp.

Eriosoma dematicola n. sp.

2 K. Takahashi.

Oregina formosana n. ap.

0. oplismeni n. sp.

0. J:.os7iunensis n. sp.

0. alexandcri n. sp.

0. jjseudomontana n. sp.

Ceratapliis /ormosanns n. sp.
The Macrosiphmn sjjp. seem to be new to science, but the author hesitates to
give new names to them, sinee their winged forms liavc never been collected. Tlie
new Japanese species dealt with in the present paper are Macrosiphum esahii, 3f.
smilaceti, Myzus rJiois, Pdtchia spiraeae and Oregma Japonica.

The results of further studies will be published in tlie fourth- report of tliis
series of papers. The type specimens are preserved in the collection of the cntomoln-
gical laboratory of this Department. All the drawings accompanying this paper
were made by the author.

The author wishes to express his sincere thanks to Dr. T. Shiraki, Chief of
the Section of Economic Zoology of this Department, for his kind h(!lp in comp-
leting this report. The author is greatly indebted to Prof. Dr. C. P. Alexander
of the United States of America for liis kindness in correcting many errors in
English in the manuscript of this paper, and Oregma alexanderi n. sp. is dedicated
to him.

The author must express his hearty tlianks to Prof. Niijima and Messrs.
Knwayama, Esaki, Hori, Yokoyama, Kisliida, Takeuch', Kurisaki, Uye, and others
for the valuable aphid material sent to liim. Ijastly the author expresses his most
cordial thanks to the Hon. Prof. Dr. K. Oshinia, Director of the Department of
Agriculture, Gevernment Research Institute, for iiis kindness in publishing this
]>aper.

Notes on the morphology of the nymphs of Aphidinae.

Ecdysis
The aphids, wliether winged or wingless, usually moult four times before rea-
ching maturity and, as a rule, have four nymphal instars, but there are certain
exceptions to this. Davis records a case where an apterous form of AjJiis maid!-
rad.icis Forbes gave birtli to six young, then moulted, became winged and produced
twenty-one more young. According to Haviland, Myztis ribis L. sometimes shows

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 3

a fifth moult suLsu(iiR:ut to tliu birth of young; and it lias hci.'ii stated that a fifth
moult has likewise been noticed exceptionally in 3Iacrofiiphicin jrisi Kalt. Mouzeu
observed that a moult took place after the birth of young in Eriosoma lanigera
Hausm. The moulting after sexual maturity observed in some Aphididae is also
known in C'oUembola, but not in any other order of insects.

Moreover it is very remarkable that, unlike all other groups of insects, Aphi-
didae, as ^\•ell as Collembola, are not provided with malpighian vessels. This is in
support of the theory that ccdysis perhaps has an excretory importance besides
being a provision for growth.

Ewing obtained paedogenetic nymphs, as he designated tliem, of Uhopalosiphum.
avenae Fab., but as pointed out by Baker, these proved to be intermediates, adults
Ixitween the winged and wingless condition.

Paedngenesis has not been found in Aphididae. The number of moults is few
in the sexes of PemphUjus, Tetraneura , Eriosoma and others, as well as in the
males of Stomapjlvis. These sexual forms are always apterous, with the rostrum
rudimentary.

I have found that the wingless forms of the genera Oregma and ylste.'jo/tterijx
moult only three times, while their winged forms moult four times as is usual in the
family. The apterous forms of Ldchnus tlmjafoUae Theob. likewise seem to have
three nymphal instars. Pergande records three moults for the apterous forms and
four moults for the winged forms in HorvuipMs hamameUdis Fitch and Hamavie-
listes spinosus Shimer.

According to Fuller, the apterous workers and soldiers of a termite comm-
unity pass through fewer stages of growth than do their corresponding winged
imagoes. Certain apterous species of Gerridae and Veliidae have heen recorded as
having three or four nymphal instars, although five instars is the common number
for Heteropterous insects. In the author's opinion these facts indicate that the
apterous forms of paurometabolous insects show a tendency to moult fewer times
than do the winged forms. This is perhaps duo to the simplicity of structure of the
body in the apterous forms.

Morphology of the nymphs, with
special reference to their metamorphosis.
As is well known, the postembryonic development of Aphididae is pauronn!-
tiibolous and, as in many other groups of paurometabolous insects, the structural

4 E. Takahashi

diffcreuces Ijctwecn the young and fuUy-growu nymphs are more disthict than
those between the latter and the adults, especially so in the apterous forms.

Each of the nymphal instars usually displays structural characters sufficient
for the identification of the particular insfar that it represents, but the third and
fourth instars of the apterous form are scarcely difl'erent in structure in (rrecnidca,
Dilachius and Shivaphis celti Das.

(Aleyrodiform femaks ,of Hormaphidina)

Since tlie metamorphosis ot the aleyrodiform females of some genera of
Hormaphidina, as .Isfegojjtcri/x, UamamcUstcs and Iloniiaphiti, is very peculiar,
it will be considered first.

The adults are very hard-bodied, almost black and aleyrodiform, being
cemented to their liosts. In the first instar, the nymphs are active, crawling over
the host. The)' are pale in colour, since the impregnation of chitin is much lighter
than in the adult, and arc provided with well-developed legs and antennae, the
latter 3 or 4- jointed. In the second instar, they become stationary, with the
antennae rudimentary, 2 or 3-jointed; the front and middle pairs of legs without
tarsi; the hiud legs provided with one-jointed tarsi, without claws. In the third or
last instar, the body becomes broader, tlie antennae more rudimentary, the legs
remaining almost as in the preceding instar. This metamorphosis resembles that of
some female Coccidae.

(Other Aphidinae)

In the young nymphs, the body is often rather flattened, witli tlie abilonien
narrow. In the dimorphs or the first instar specialized tor aestivation of Fvri-
phyllus, it is quite depressed and thin.

In proportion to the size of body, the head is larger in the young nymplis
than in the grown ones or adults. It is completely fused with the pronotum in
Ccrataphis, Oregma, Astegopteri/x. Aleurodaphis, Cervaphis, Neophyll aphis, Grec-
ufdca and others, except in the fully grown nymphs and adults of the winged form.
The dorsal surface of the head of Lavhnus or Eulachnus is divided, though not
distinctly so, by a longitudinal line, visible even in the first instar. In the nymphs
of NeophijUaphis podocaipi Takah., it is likewise divided, though scarcely so in the
adults. In Oregma and CrmUiplus. a pair of horns is present on tlie front, even
in tlie first instar.

They are usually larger in the nymphal stages than in tlu^ winged adults.
In Oregma huinhusi/oliuc Takah., tlie apices of these horns are rather pointed in the

Aphididae of Formosa.— 3. 5

first instar, though rounded in the latia- instars. Astvijoptcrij.r stijracicohi Takah.,
as well as A. sfi/racophila Karsch, is provided with some short setae on the front of
liead, which occur likewise in the wingless adults, but not in the winged adults.

The frontal or antennal tubercles are absent in the young nymphs, gradually
developing, however, with the moults and are distinct in the fully-grown nymphs, in
the genera 3Iacrosipliuin and Amphorophora. In the genera Phorodon and AkJcaia,
however, they are distinct, all the instars being provided on the inner side with a
tubercle which is smaller than that of the adult; in the genus J/;/2M.s they are very
short, but distinctly gibbous on the inner side, even in the first instar.

The eyes are smaller than those of the adults and are usually less protuberant
in the younger instars, but in Eulaclmus they are distinctly protruding even in the
first instar. They are composed of three facets in the genera Oreyvia, Ccndaphis,
Astegupteryx, Neophi/Uaphi.s. Cervaphis and allies, excepting in the fully-grown
nymphs of the winged form where they are composed of numei-ous facets as in the
winged adults. In the first instar, the ocular tubercles are usually not visible, but
in many species three facets on the posterior portion of the eye are larger tiian the
remaining fecets. However, in EliopaloHiphum nymphaeae L., as well as in Shiv-
apliis celti Das, they are visible even in the first instar. These ocular tubercles
gradually become more distinct with growth. The facets on the ocular tubercles
are always tliree in number, and no aphid has yet been found, in which the eyes are
composed of fewer than tlirec facets. In my opinion, the three facets of the degene-
rated eyes of the apterous forms and most nymphal instars of Oregma, Cerataphis,
Astvgopteryx, Cervaphis. NcophyJIaphis and otliers correspond to the facets on the
ocular tubecles of many species. The ocelli are always lacking during nymphal life.

The rostrum is longer in proportion to the length of body in the young
nymphs tluiu in the grown ones or adults, especially so in the Lachnina, sometimes
reaching beyond the end of the abdomen, as in tJic first instar of Pterochlorns. The
sexes of Pe7nphigus and others, as well as the males of iS/o'inaphis, are provided
with a rudimentary rostrum in the nymphal stages, but this is not used for feeding,
as in tlie adults.

The antennae are shorter, stouter and less imbricated than in the adults. In
the winged forms of Adeijopteryx, in tlie first instar they are rather sleuder, imbri-
cated and capable of active movement, in the later instars, becoming (|uite stout, not
imbricated and scarcely movable, being appressed to the side of the head. The
antennae are sometimes as many jointed throughout all the nymphal instars as in

6 K. Takaliashi

iJu! adults, hut usually :ir(^ fowor-jointed in (.lie young nyinphs than in the grown
ones or adults. In the first instar tliey are usually 4 or 5, rarely 3, but nuver
6-jointcd. According to Davis, the first instar of the first generation of 3f(icrosiphiini
piai Kalt. has the antennae fewer-jointed than in the corresponding instar of other
generations. In the fully-grown nymphs they usually have as many joints as in the
adults. The mode of joint-multiplication is the same in all species. The new joint
is derived from the third joint, not from others, and only one joint may be added at
any one moult from the first to the fourth, as shown by the accompanying table.
Each joint of each instar is usually longer than the corresponding joint of the prece-
ding instar, but the third joint of the second or third instar is sometimes shorter
tjian that of the preceding. The basal two joints are always very short and
stout as in the adults; they correspond to the scape, and the remaining joints to
tlio flagellum, iu other insects. The first joint, in the genus A^cojAorodon. is furni-
shed with a tubercle, smaller than those of the adults, on the inner side. The third
joint is destitute of hairs in the first instar, but is provided with them in the later,
in the genus Macrosiphnm. The secondary sensoria are almost always absent in the
immature stages, but the gro\\u nymphs of some Dllaclmus, Lachnus and Eulachniis
are furnished with a few such sensoria on the fourth or fifth joints. Each of the
last two joints is always provided witli a primary sensorium, which in some species
is surrounded by a row of hairs. Even in tlie first insfeir the last joint is also
provided with some smaller sensoria situated in a group beside the primary senso-
rium; the filament or spur is as in the adults.

The thorax is very simple in structure, since no sclerites are distinguishable
even in the mesonotum of the fully-grown nymphs of the winged form. In Oregma,
Ccratajthis, Astegopter>/x, Aleurodaphis, NeopJiTjUdjJiis, Ccrvnphis, Grcenided and
others, as already mentioned, the pronotum and the head are usually defined in the
fourth instar and adults of the winged form, but they are fused together in other
instars of it, as well as in all the stages of the wingless form.

In the genera Aph.is and lihopalosiphum, the prothorax is furnished with a
small lateral tubercle even iu the first instar. In the third instor, the mesothorax
of the winged form begins to develop, protruding laterally, becoming larger, with
the wing-pads well-developed in the fourth instar.

The wing-pads are usually dusky or pale greenish in coloui, always without
liairs and wax-pores, and are plai ed close to the sides of the thorax, especially in the
Callipterina. TJie hind p.dr of pads is always smaller, being completely covered by

Apliidiilae of Formosa.— 3. 7

tlie fore pads in the fourtli iiii3tar.

The legs are sliortcr and stouter tlian in the adults, with tlie tarsi 2-jointed
and furnished with two claws. The first (arsal joint is smaller than the second, as in
tlip adults. In some Callipterina, the limpid cmpodial hairs are present even in tlie
young nymplis, as in the grown nymphs and adults. Even in the youmg nymphs,
certain Hormaphidina are furnished witli some V(u-y long capitate liairs on the tarsi
which are sometimes imbricated.

In FeriphyUm. the hind pair of tibiae is provided with some bristles arranged
nearly in a single row in the young nymphs, but with these much numerous and
not in a single row in the grown ones. Tiie front and middle paii'S of tibiae of the
dimorphs are not provided with normal hairs, but with lamellae.

Tlie abdomen becomes larger, as the growtli proceeds. The hit(!ral tubercles
are visible even in the first instar in hhopah.sqjhum and ^IjiJu's. while tlu' dorsal
ones, which are very prominent in the winged adults, are not recognizable in the
nymphal stages in MyzocaUis pscudnahii Takah. or in CaUijAerus kahaimJunlrtJani
Kirk. In Cervaphu, the abdomen, as well as the head and thorax, is provided
with long projections, which are branched in the grown nymphs, as well as in the
adults, but not in tlie first instar. CavarieUa is furnished with a tubercle above
the Cauda much shorter than that of the adult, even in the first instar, while in
Green-idea eacli of the seventh and eighth abdominal segments of the first instar is
armed with a pair of tubercles which entirely disappear with the first moult.

The dorsal tubercles on the seventh and eighth abdominal segments of the
genus AMaia are very distinct even in the young nymphs, being as large as or
larger than tliose of the adults. SetapMs viridifi v. d. Goot is furnished with a pair
of sharply pointed horns on the abdomen as in tlie adults.

The cornicles are shorter, stouter and less -imbricated than in the adults, never
being reticulated, and are markedly shorter in tlie younger instars. In Amphoro-
phora the cornicles are less dilated in the young nymphs than in the grown ones or
adults. IiJwpcdosiphum nymphaeae L. possesses somewhat dilated cornicles even in
the first instar. The cornicles of the nymplis are almost similar in shape,but usually
smaller than tliose of the adults in Ald-aia, Lachnina, some Callipterina and
Hormaphidina and others. But in Ohromaphis earplnicoJa Takah., the cornicles of
the fully-grown nymphs arc; larger than those of the winged adults. In DUachnus,
Lnrhnus and FterocJdortis-, the cornicles are situated on the cones which are shorter
tlian those of tlie grown nymphs and are entirely or nearly destitute of hairs in the

8 R. Takahaahi

first iustar, but are hairy in the second and the following instars.

In some Hormaphidina, the cornicles are absent in the first instar, appearing,
however, with the first moult. In the first iustar of Greenidea, tliey are very
peculiar in structure, being conical iu shape, not imbricated and without hairs, and
are merely tubercles in shape, but witli tlie first moult they become elongate and
liairy. In Cervaphis, Grcenidca and T'n'chosijihonajjhis, they are provided with
hairs even in the nymphs, excepting in tlie first instars of tlie two former genera.
These hairs of the winged adults of TrichosipJininiphis arc not capitate unlike tliose
of the nymphs.

T\\c Cauda is usually shorten-, stouter and less hairy than iu the adults, more
especially so iu tlio younger nymphs, and is never constricted at the base or at
midlength. It is often wider than long, but is sometimes as long as wide in the
grown nymphs of some Aphidina and is longer than wide in the fourtii instar of
Macrof/'pIiicvK When seen from above, it is almost triangular in shape, with the
apex rounded, or the hind margin may be broadly rounded, sometimes being almost
semicinular iu outline. In Mi/zocaUi<i and some other genera of Callipterina,
throughout all tlic nymphal instars, it is destitute of hairs, witli the hind margin
broadly rounded.

The anal plate is very simple, never Inlobed and usually not sinuous, but in
Greenidea it is somewhat sinuous even in tlic first instar. In Aldcaia it is not well
developed in the nymphs.

The genital opening is not visible in tlie nymphs.

The spiracles are similar to those of the adults in number and distribution,
sometimes slighly protuberant.

The hairs on the body and its appendages are usually fewer in number in the
young nymphs than in the grown ones and adults. In some species of PeripliyUua,
tlie dimorphs are provided with very peculiar hairs or "lamellae" The nymphs
of the winged form of Chromaph/'s carpinicola Takah. are furnished with many
bristles, these being stouter and longer than those of the adults.

In some BluzocaUis, My&us, NeopJiorodon. Trichosiphonaphls and C'apito-
pJiovKs, the nymphs of both the apterous or winged forms are furnished with many
capitate hairs as in the wingless adults, while the winged adults lack these hairs and are
provided with normal ones. In some species the wax-pores are as well developed even
in the first instar of tlie winged and wingless forms as in the wingless adults. They
are present iu tlie winged adults of Slivaphia diti Das, but not in tliose of Horm-

Aphlcliilap nf Formosa. — 3.

9

aphidiiia. In Oreijma bamhusifoliae Takah., as well as in 0. hinnhusicola Takah,,
the wax-pores of all the instars of botli the winged and wingless forma scarcely differ
from those of the apterous adults in nuniljer, shape and distribution, but in some
other species they differ distinctly. In Oregma panicola Takah., the wax pores arc
very small, and scattered over the head and thorax, being absent on the abdomen
in the grown nymphs of the winged form, while they are larger, circular and distri-
buted as in Oregma montaim v. d. Goot in the nymphs of the wingless form. In
Astegnpteryx and some species of Rormaphidina, tlie nyniplis of the apterous form
have many wax-pores arranged in a single row around the whole margin of tlie
body, while those of the winged form possess much more wax-pores in tjroups on the
dorsum, throughout all the instars.

Number of the antennal joints.

In giving tlie number of joints of the antennae, the author, of course, has not
counted the filament or spur of the last joint as a separate and distinct 'oint.
(Abbreviations used in the following table)

A. V. $ — Apterous viviparous female.

F. Fundatrix or stem-mother.

O. $ — Oviparous female.

W. V. ^ —Winged viviparous female.

V. § — Viviparous female, both winged and wingless.

Species

Form

Number of antennal joints

Investigator

Nymph.

Adult

1st
instar

2nd

3rd

4th

Mficro^iphum Joi-iiiomvuiii Takali.

V. ?

5

5

6

6

G

Takaliaslii

M. gohonis Mats.

Do.

5

5

6

6

G

Do.

]\[. Tieoartmni.'siac Takah.

Do.,

5

5

6

6

6

Do.

Jl/. pisi Kalt.

F.

4

?

?

V

6

Davis

Do.

V. ?

5

5

6

6

6

Do.

3/. illrii.nlenxii; Sliim.

F.

a

4 or 5

5

5

5

Baker

Do.

V. *

?

?

?

6

6

Do.

Do.

0. *

4

4

5

5

6

Do.

J/i/'"-5 iropi'mlis Takah.

V. ?

4

5

5 or 6

6

G

Takahashi

Hr. plaiilagim-n^ Pass?

Do.

5

?

?

6

6

Do.

NcophoTodon i-ubl Takah.

Do.

4

?

?

?

fi

Do.

Akkaia poJygoni Takah.

Do.

4

?

?

5

5

Do.

Aniphorophora iiylica v. d. Goot.

F.

5

6

5

5

5

Do.

10

R. T.ikahnalu

Species

Form

Number of antei

nal jointa

Investigator

Nymph.

Adult

1st
instar

2nd

3rd

4th

Do.

V. ?

5

5

6

6

6

Do.

A. nleraeeae v. d. Goot.

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

Oaiiariella ncoraprcae Takah.

Do.

4

5

5

5

5

Do.

Rhopaloftlphvm ai'cwie Fab.

Do.

4

?

?

?

5or6

Do.

M. iiymphaeae L.

Do.

4

5

5or6

5or6

6

Do.

Tmnptera nicp-a Baker.

0. ?

4

5

5

6

6

Baker

Toioptera imJtlenbergiae P. et D.

F.

4

5

6

5or6

C

Phillips

Aphiti iiialroklex v. A. Goot.

V. $

4

5

6

6

6

Takabashi

vl. yumhuc! L.

Do.

4

5

5or6

6

6

Do.

.1 .'somei Essig et Kuw.

■ Do.

4

6

?

6

6

Do.

.1. maw/t.s Fitcli.

Do.

4

4

5

5

6

Davis.

.1. ponii De Geer.

F.

4

5

5

5

5

Baker and Turner

Do.

V. ¥

4

5

5

6

6

Do.

Do.

Sex

4

6

5

6

6

Do.

,1. Iiiiiujktoneii.ux Troop.

A. V. ?

4

4

5

6

6

Baker.

A. iiudiU-mdirix Forbes.

V. ¥

4?

5

5

5

6

Davis.

A. mrbi KaXt.

F.

4

4

5

6

6

Matbeson.

Do.

V. *

?

?

6

6

6

Do.

.1. malifoiiae Fitcli

F.

4

5

5or6

6

6

Baker and Turner

Do.

V. ?

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

AnurapJiis lietichrysi Kalt

Do.

?

V

?

6

6

Pakahaslii

Hyahptcriia pruni Fab

F.

5

5

5

5

5

Davidson

Do.

V. ?

5

?

V

?

6

Do.

IT. rhennpoiKi Scbrank.

Do.

?

?

?

6

6

Takahashi

BrarhycnluK heniclei Takah.

Do.

4or6

5

?

6

6

Do.

Tlraeliysiphoniella (jraminl Takah.

Do.

?

?

?

6

6

Do.

C'rypioxiphum arlcmi!dae, Buckt.

Do.

?

?•

?

6

6

Do.

Greenidea kuwanai Perg.

Do.

5

5or6

6

6

6

Do.

G. fnrmnxaiia Maki.

Do.

5

5or6

6

6

6

Do.

Cervaphia gnei-ctin Takab.

A. V. ¥

4

4

4

4

4

Do.

Do.

W.V. ¥

4

4

4

4

5

Do.

My^ncalKs pseudoaini Takah.

Do.

4

5

6

6

.6

Do.

Calliplerm kahawaluokalani Kirk.

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

Chromaphis juglandieota Kalt.

Do.

3

3

4

5

6

Davidson

Do.

Sex

?

?

?

6

6

Do.

SMvapIdit celt! Das.

V. ¥

6

5

6

6

6

Takahashi

Neophyllaphis poihiarpi Takah.

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3.

11

Species

Form

Number of antennal joints

Investigator

Nymph.

Adult

1st
in star

2nd

3rd

4th

Clmitophonm xp. on ropulm sp.

Do.

4

5

?

6

6

Do.

Perlphi/Uiiji iiccrifuliac Takah.

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

Do.

F.

4

5

5

5

5

Do.

Sipha Jiara Forbes.

V. $

4

4

4

4

5

Davis

DUachnus piirifonnunaiiiia Takali.

V. ¥

4

5

6

6

6

Takahashi

I). formosaiius n. sp.

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

IK lyiniilcnsijforcw Essig.

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

Lachim/i tart'ci's Walk.

Do.

4

?

?

6

6

Do.

L. thuiafo/iae Theob.

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

Pkrochloniji tropicalis v. d. Goot.

Do.

5

?

?

6

6

Do.

Kulachnus pinifoniiosanus Takah-

Do.

4

5

6

6

6

Do.

yippolachnu'! piri Mats.

Do.

?

?

?

6

6

Do.

Sloiiia^hix (pierrm L.

Do.

5

6

6

6

6

Do.

Oirf/iaa hainhu.'d/oluce Takab.

A. V. ?

4

4

4

—

4or5

Do.

Do.

W. V. ?

4

4

5

5

5

Do.

(). j.iaiiieola Takah.

Do.

?

?

?

5

5

Do.

(). hamlnmrola Takah.

Do.

4

?

?

5

5

Do.

Ccralaphin lataniae Boisd.

V. *

4

?

?

?

4or5

Do.

.Ulcgiipknjj: ({itciricota Takah.

A.V. *

3

o

1

—

1

Do.

Do.

W.V. ¥

3or4

5

5

5

5

Do.

-1. yici Takah.

A. V. ¥

3

?

?

—

?

Do.

Do.

W.V. ¥

4

?

?

5

5

Do.

.1. atspidatac Essig. et Kuw.

A. V. ¥

?

?

?

— .

3

Do.

Do.

W.V. ¥

?

?

5

5

5

Do.

.1. «///)■(«' tco/o Takah.

Do.

?

?

?

5

5

Do.

.1. styramphila Karaoh.

Do.

?

?

?

5

5

Do.

Alcuruiluphix Mamcac v. d. Goot.

A. V. ¥

4

4

4

—

4or5

Do.

Do.

W. V. ¥

4

?

?

5

5

Do.

llaimomiUks spitiosiis Shim.

F.

4

4

4

—

4

Pergandc

Do.

A. V. ¥

4

3

3

—

2or3

Do.

Do.

W. V. ¥

4

5

5

5

5

Do.

//. hdulae

A. V. ¥

4

4

4

4

5

Tullgren

IfoniiftpkU hauiaiHcli'U^ Fitch.

F.

3

3

3

—

3

Pergaiule

Do.

A. V. ¥

3

2or3

1

—

lor2

Do.

Do.

W.V. ¥

3

3

3

3

3

Do.

A llorinapbid on i'op"i«s sp.

Do.

3

3

3

3

4

Takahashi

TdraiKiiia "p. m Ulmiis xp.

Do.

5

5

6

6

li

Dc.

12

K. Takahashi

Species

Form

Number of antennal joints

Investigator

Nymph.

Adult

Ibt
instar

2nd

3r(l

4th

Eriof-vma lanigcm Ilar.sm.
rrm-ijiliiiinx jti/ri Fitcli.

A. V. ¥
W.V. ¥

5
?

5
?

5or6
?

6
6

6

t)

Baker
Takahashi

Dift'ercuces between the winged
and wingless forms in the nymphs?.

In the first und second instars, the nymphs of the winged form usually do
not differ from the corresponding stages of the wingless form, but in the third and
fourtli instiirs they always differ structurally.

However, as already stated, in some species of Hormaphidina, the nymphs
of the winged form even in the first iustar are distinctly different from those
of the wingless in tlie number and distribution of the wax-pores on the body. This
might be taken as an indication in some species at least that whether the aphida
become winged or wingless is not determined by the external factors after being laid.
In some Hormajjhidina, as already stated, the antennae and legs of the nymphs of
the alcyrodiform female become more rudimentary as the growtli proceeds, while
those of the nymphs of the winged form become better developed in the later instars.

In the third instar of the M'inged form, the mesothorax is developed, the wing-
pads begin to appear, and the third antennal joint is often longer when compared
with tJiat of the corresponding stage of tiie wingless form. The tliird antennal
joint of ihv winged form, in some species, as Oreij/na hamhimfo'iae Takali. and
others, is longer when compared with that of the wingless form even in the second
instar, and in the grown nymphs of some Hormaphidina and Pemphigina, tlie anten-
nae of the winged form are longer and with moi'e joints than tliose of the
apterous form. In the fourth instar of the winged form, the wing-pads are well-
developed.

The eyes of Orcijma, CerutupliAS. Jleurodaphis, Astogojjteri/x, Cervaphis,
Ncoiiln/Uiijihix and others are composed of three facets in all the instars of the wing-
less form, as well as in the first three instars of the winged, but in tlie fourth iustar
of the winged form, as well as in the winged adults, they are coniposed of numerous
f;u-ets.

In the genera <.)rc<jmu, ^Uenrodaplils, jtsteijoj>lcr//x, Vcrvupliis, Ncophijlhtiiliif!,
Grecuidea and otliers, the head and pronotum which are usually defined in the

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 13

fourth instill' of the winged form, are fused together iu the other insfars of this
form, while they are always fused together iu the nymphs of the wingless form.

In Orer/vm paiu'co/a Takah., as already mentioned, the grown nymphs of the
winged form are provided with numerous very small wax-pores scattered over the
dorsum of the head and thorax, while those of the apterous form like the wingless
adults are provided with some larger circular pores distributed as in 0. luoidaua v.
d. Goot. The nymphs of the brachypterous form usually do not differ from those
of the normally winged ones.

Literature
Baker, A. C. 1915. The woolly apple aphis. U. S. Uept. Agr., Report

101.

1917, Life history of J7((crus/)*/t«/« /7i'/;/(v'e/«.s7'.s, the gra[)evine

apliis. Jl. Agr. Research, xi, :^>, pp. 83-89.

1918. Another Toxoptera feeding on sedge. Psyche, xxv, 4,

pp. 88-93.

1913. Aphids: their human interest. 49 Ann. Rept Ent.

Soc. Ontario, pp. 28-32.

1919. The houghton gooseberry aphis. .Jl. Econ. Ent., xu,

pp. 433-440.

and Turner, W. F. 191G. Morphology and biology of the gre('n

apple aphis. Jl. Agr. Research, v, 21, pp. 955-993.

1916. Kosy apple aphis. Jl. Agr. Resea-
rch, vu, 7, pp. 321-343.

Davidson, W. M. 1914. Walnut aphides in California. U. S. Dept. Agr.,

Bull. 100, pp. 1 48.
1919. Life history and habits of mealy plum aphis. U. S.

Dept. Agr. Bull. 774.
Davis, J. J. 1909. Biological .studies on 3 species of Aphididae. U. S.

Dept. Agr., Bureau of Ent., technical series 12,8.
1915. The pea aphis with relation to forage crops. U. S.

Dept. Agr., Bull. 276.
Ewing, H. E. 191lj. 87 generations iu a parthenogeuetic pure line of v/^Vz/.s

nvnmc Fab. Biol. Bull, xxx, 1, pp. 53-112.
Fuller, C. 1920. Studies on tiie post-embryonic development of the

antennae of termites. Ann. Natal. Museum, iv,

14 E. Takaliashi

2, pp. 235-295.
ITavilaud, M. U. 1918-19 On the life-history and bionomics of Jft/zin, ri/iis L.

Proo. Royal Soc Ediuburgli, xxxix, 1 (No. 8), pp.

78-112
Mathcson, K. 1919. A study of plant lice injuring tlie foliage and fruit of

the apple. Cornell Univ. Agr. Expt. St., Mem. 24.
Mouzen, H. 1922. Life history of Eriosoma laniyera Hausm. Jl. Plant

Protection, ix, p. 472 (Japanese).
Pergande, T. 1901. Two species of plant-lice inhabiting both the witch-

hazel and the bircli. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bureau

Ent., Technical Ser. 9,
Phillips, W. Ct. and Davis. J. J. 1912. Studies on a new species of Toxoptera.

U. S. Dept. Agr. Bureau of Ent., Technical Scr.,

2), pt. 1.
Takahashi, R. 1921. On the nymphs of Aphidinae. Proc. Ent. Soc.

Washington, xxvi, pp. 1-11.
Tullgren, A. 1909. Aphidologische Studicn. Arkiv for Zoolog., v, 4, pp.

1-190.

AliliidiJae of Formosa. — 3. 15

Certain Formosan Aphididae, with
descriptions of the nymphs of some of the species.

Macrosiphum smilacicola n. sp.

(PL X, A, figs. 4-5)
Wiugloss viviparous female

Pale yellow. Coruieles black, with the tips paler. Cauda yellowish. Body
somewhat elongate oval. Head provided with about 8 moderate or rather long setae
on the dorsal surface. Eyes rather small. Frontal tubercles large, sliglitly convex
on the inner side wdiich is furnishi'd with 2 or .'5 setae. Antennae very long and
slender, jtrovided with some moderately long setae that are not capitate; the 1st
joint ranch larger than the 2nd; the Hrd not imbricated, provided with from 1-3
small circular sensoria arranged in a single row near the base; the 4tli somewhat
imbricated ou the basal half, lacking sensoria; the 5tli and 6th imbricated; the
relative length of joints about as follows: III-245, IV-194, V-158, VI-270 (50+
220). Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae.

Abdomen furnished with some short or moderately long setae. Cornicles
large, cylindrical, stout, gradually expanded toward the base, dilated at the base,
distinctly reticulated on the distal one-third, not imbricated on the basal half, about
2.7 times as long as the cauda, almost as long as the distal part of the last autennal.
joint. Cauda very stout, broadest at the base, tapering, about twice as long as wide,
almost as stout as or more slender than the basal part of the cornicle, furnished with
about 8 pairs of long lateral bristles. Legs very long and slender, provided with many
moderate or rather long setae;femora furnished witli numerous very miuute circu-
lar sensoria scattered almost over tlie whole length and one or Uvo larger sensoria
near the base; til^ac stouter than the 3rd autennal joint, provided with many very
small transversely narrowed sensoria scattered over the whole length except on the
distal half of the hind tibia; tarsi imbricated, hind tarsi slightly shorter than tlie
basal part of the last autennal joint.

Length of body-about 3.0 mm. Atitenna-about 4.4 mm. Cornicle -about 1.0 mm.

Winged viviparous female.
Pale yellow, with a large black patch at th(^ middles of the dorsum in front of
the cornicles and a pair of smaller black patches behind the cornicles. Head and

16 R. Tukaliaslil

thorax yellowish brown. Cornicles black, with tlie tips paler. Cauda yellowisli.
AVings hyaline. Head on the dorsal surflice furnished with about 10 rather short to
moderately long setae. Frontal tubercles large, on the inner side some^vhat convex
and bearing about 2 ratlier long setae.

Antcainae very long and slender, furnished witii some moderately long setae
that are not capitate; the 3rd joint not imbricated, provided with about 6-8 rather
small circular sensoria arranged in a single row on the basal half; the 4t)i somewhat
imbricated, lacking sensoria; the relative length of joints about as follws: III-235,
IV-174, V-142, VI-270 (45+225). Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. The 1st
oblique (cubitus) of the front wing slightly curved, the 2nd (media 2) straiglit, the
3rd (media 1 ) twice forked, with the upper branch extending to the tip of the wing,
stigmatic vein (i-adial sector) moderately curved; hind wings with 2 almost parallel
obliques (media and cubitus), booklets 5. Abdomen furnished wih some moderately
long setae.

Cornicles cylindrical, large, stout, gradually expanded toward the base, well
reticuLited on the distal half, somewhat imbricated on the basal half, about thrice as
long as the cauda, slightly longer than the 6th antennal joint. Cauda stout, broad-
est at the base, tapering, about 1.5 times as long as wide, wider than tlio l>asal
portion of the cornicle, with about 7 pairs of long lateral bristles on the apical half.
Legs very long and slender; femora, especially the hind two pairs, provided with
numerous minute circular sensoria scattered over the whole length and about 2
or 3 larger sensoria near the base; tibiae stouter than the 3rd antennal joint,
provided with many moderate to rather long setae, the front and middle pairs furni-
shed with many small transversely narrowed sensoria scattered over the whole
length, the hind pair with similar ones on the basal half; tarsi imbricated, hind
tarsi slightly shorter than the basil part of the last antennal joint.
Length of body-about 3.5 mm. Antenna about 5.0 mm.
Fore wing-about 5.0 mm. Cornicle-about 1.0 mm.

Host. — Smilax afcMopefala, attacking the young leaf.

Distribution. - Formosa.

Some specimens were collected by the author on December 2, 1923. This
species is peculiar in possessing numerous small sensoria on tlio' legs.

Aplilili.liP or Fornioai.— .1. 1 7

Macrosiphum species.

Wingless viviparous trmalc.

Green. TIead lirowiiisli ur(.pu. Eyes ilark Imnvn. Antennae and eornicleg
lilark. Alxliiinen diiskv on th(! dorsum. Legs jale lirowii, apical liiilves oi frinora,
apiees of tibiae, and tarsi black.

Body oval. Head provided \vitli aiioiit 10 nioderat(j to rather long setae,
some of whic'i are slightly knolthed. Frontal tubercles moderately developed,
scarcely convex on tlie inner sid(^

Antennae very long and slender, provided with some moderate to rather long
setae wiiich are slightly capitate; tlie ;>rd Joint not imbricated, provided witli
about 2 rather small circular sensoria near the base; tlie 4th somewhat imbricated,
lacking sensoria; the relative length of joints about as follows : III-155, IV-110,
V-8o, VI-202 (:i2 + 170) Rostrum reai'hing a little beyond the middle co.\ae,
Body without tubercles. Abdomen provided with some raUier short setae arranged
in a transverse roM' on the dorsum of tlie segment.

Cornicles long, cylinilrical, moderately expanded toward the base, somewhat
dilated on the apic:il portion, very slightly curved, imbricated, reticulated on about
the apical one-tliird, almost twice as long as the <Muda, a little sliorter th:\n tlie ord
aiitciiual joint.

Cauda stout, s.'oiiter than the cDriiiclc, about twice as long as wide, ]irovide(l
with 10 long bris:les. Legs very long and slender; tiliiae stouter tiian the anteuni,
more slender than the cornicle, jirovided with m\ny rather long setae wJiicii are not
knoblK'd; tai^i imbricated, hind tarsi almost as long as the base of the last antennal
joint.

Length of body aliout 2. 3 mm. Antenna about 2. 8 mm.
Cornicle about 0.<5o mm.

'Hofft-Ldcf/K'ti ihJiiJis. attacking the stem.

I )istril)ut ion -Formosa: Taiiioku.

Two specimens were cdllected by the author on February 25, 1923.

Macrosiphum alopecuri Takali.
(I'l. IT, A, tig^. 1-0 ct IM. V, A, tigs. 45)
Apliididae of Formo.sa-1 , p. 9 (1921).

Wingles-i viviparous female.
Green, darker at tlie middle of the dorsum of tlie abdominal segment. Eves
dark Ihmwu. The ord and 4lli antennal joints lirownisli, with tlie apices blick, the

5tli mostly black, the 6tli bl ak. Cornicles pale green or pale brown, with tlio. api(;es
dusky. Cauda pale green. Legs pale green, apices of (ibiae broM'nish, tarsi black.

Body ov.xl. Head provided with a few sliort slightly knobbed hairs. Frontal
tubercles not very large. Antennae shorter than the body, ]irovided willi some
short setae which are slightly knoblu'd: the 1st joint almost 1.5 times as long
as the 2nd joint; the :^'rd joint not imiiricated, provided with 2-4 eireidar sensoria of
medium or small size in a row nrar the base; the 4th slightly imbricated, lacking
scnsorin; the relative length of joints as follows: I1M27, lV-91, V-09, Vl-118
(23-1-95). Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Trothorax with a small blunt
tulin-clc (in tlie side Abdomen provided with some short setae. Cornicles cylin-
drical, rather stout, somewhat expanded toward the base, not curved, imbricated,
reticulated on the apical one-sixth, about 1.5 times as long as the cauda, jilmnst as
long as the 3rd antonnal joint, not reaching the tip of the cauda.

Cauda cnsif()rm, almost .as long as the 4th antennal joint, ]>rovided with 7
bristles. Legs long, rather stout, provided with many rather long setae; hind tarsi
longer than the base of the lasL antennal joint.

Length of body-about 2.7 mm. Antenna-aliout 2.2 mm.
CVirniclc about 0.55 mm.

Winged vi^■i]1arous female.

Green, darker at the middle of tlie dm'sum of the abdominal segment.
Eyes dark brown. Antennae mostly bhu'k, with the base of the 3rd joint slightly
paler. j\Iesothorax dusky, somewhat brownish. Abdomen without markings.
Cornicles pale brown, with the tips black. Cauda pale groen. Wings hyaline;
stigma pale green; veins bi'own or gray. Legs: femora dusky, with the bases pale
greenish; tibiae pale brown, with black apices; tarsi black.

Head provided with a few moderately long to rather short liristlcs. Frontal
tubercles not very large, somewhat convex on the inner side. Antennae long and
slender, provided with some moderately long setae; the 1st joint somewliat angulated
on the inner side; the 3rd not imbricated, provided witli about 10 circular sen>oria
of medium size in a single row ovei- almost the whole length; the 4tli somewhat
imbricated, lacking senaoria; the relative length of joints as follows: III-125, IV-88,
V-79,y 1-147 (27-1-120). Rostrum reaching the middle coxae? Prothorax with a very
small blunt tubercle on e.ach side. Abdomen provided with a few bristles. Cornicles
cylindrical, not curved, moderately stout, gradu:illy expanded toward th" base,
imbricated, retienliited on about the dislal one fnirtli, shorter than the 3rd anfcunal

.\[iliiJi(luu of Fonini«i.— 3. 19

joint, l)nt Ioniser (liau (lie l(,li aiik'iiiial juiiit, about 1.8 tiint'« as lung as tlic I'auda.
Cauda cnsiforiu, witli 7 bristlus.

Wini; veins normal; liiud wings witli 2 paiMlItd obli(pics; hookluts 3. Legs
long, provided with many luotlenite to rather long setae; liiud tarsi longer than llio
base of the last antennal joint.

Length of body-about 2.1 nun. Antenna about 2.2 mm.
Fore wing-about 4.0 mm. Corniele-about O.'i mm.

Host.-Alojicci'riis iiri//ia/is. attacking the stem and the base ol'the leaf.

Distribution.- I'^ormosa : 1'aiiioku.

Some wingless viviparous lemales and a winged one were collected on January
14,192:5, by the author.

This spceies differs from MacrnKijihuvt (jnaiuf'nini Kirby in tiie following
chai'actcrs:

1. Coruicles not black, being pale green or pale brown, with the apices black.

2. Wingless viviparous females without markings on the dorsum of the abdomen,
o. Spur of tile last antenuel joint shorter than the 3rd antennal joint.

Macrosiphum sp.

(Plate J, k.)
Wingless viviparous female.

Green. Kycs black. The ;'>r(], 4tli and oth antennal joints brown, with
iilacl.; iipiccs, the Oth alniost black. Cornicles mostly black, with the basal one third
])ale green. Cauda pale green. Feiiioia [ale greenish; tibiae pale brownisli; apices
of tibiae, and the tarsi black.

Jjody long, somewliat nariowed. lie ail [irovidcd with some moderate to rather
long bristles w hieli are slightly knoblied. Frontal tubercles very large, nearly as
long as the 2nd antennal joint, sliglitly convex ou the inner side. Antennae very
long and slender, provided witli some modia'atcly long setae, some of which are
slightly knobbed; the 1st 'oint very large, almost twice as long as the 2nd antennal
joint; tlie ord not iinbric.ited, ou the basal one-third, provided with about 8-13
rather small circular sensoria that are not in a single row; the 4th scarcely imbri-
cated, lacking sensoria; the f th somewhat imbricated; the relative length of joints as
follows: III-220, IV-195, V-170, VI 303 (53-^250). Eostrum reaching beyond
till; middle coxae.

Alidomeu providinl with some iiKjdcrately long hairs which are slightly
cnpitalc.

20 K. Takaliaslii

Cornicles loiij;, very slender, cylindrical, moderately expanded :it the Lasc, scarce-
ly imbricated, rcticnlated on the distal jrortion, almost as long as the 4tli aiitcnnal
joint, a little more than twice as long as the canda. Canda long, stouter tlian the
cornicle, provided with abont 4 pairs of lateral bristles. I^egs very long and
slender, provided with many moderately long setae; hind tarsi imbricated, short,
almost as long as the 2nd antcnnal joint.

Lengtli of body-about 3.0 mm. Antenna-about 5.0 mm.
Curnicle-about 1.1 mm.

llost.-Ck'iiiafin sj). attacking the lower surface of the leaf.
Distribution. -Formosa: Taihoku.

Some wingless viviparous females were collected in Jannaiy, 192', by (lie
author.

Macrosiphxini sp.

(PI. V, A, tigs. 2-;'.)
Wingless viviparous female.

Uark apple green. Head brownish. Eyes darlv brown. Antennae and corni-
cles black. Canda ])ale greenish. Legs pale bro\\ n, distal halves of femora, apices
of tibial^, and tarsi l)lack.

Ikidy oval, j)rovidod wilh a few very short setae. Frontal tubercles jiot
conspicuously cjilarged, scarcely convex on tlie inner side. Antennae long and
slender, provided witli some short hairs, some of which are slightly capitate; the 3rd
joint noi imbricated, wilh one or two rather small circular sensoria near the base; the
5tli somewhat imbricated; the relative length of joints as follows: 111-94, IV-79,
Y-70, VI-15e5 (25 + 100). Kostrnm reaching beyond the middle coxae. Cornicles
cylindrical, modeiatcly stout, moderately expanded toward the Imse, very slightly
or scarcely imbricatdl, reticulated on about the distal one-fourth, about 1 .tj times as
long as the caiula, abnost as long as, or a little shorter tlian, the 3rd antcnnal joint.
Cauda ahiKist eusiiorni, provided with 3 pairs of lateral bristles. Legs slender,
with many moderately long setae.

Length of body-about 1.5 mm. Antenna about 2.0 mm.

Host.-A plant of the Gramineae, attacking tlie stem.

Distribution.-Formosa : Shinten.

A few M-ingless viviparous females were collected on January 7, 1923, Ijy the
writer.

Apliididac ol' ForumsH. — 3. ^1

Macrosiphum species.

(ri. n, ]5, iig. 5& PI. IV, A, ti- I)

Wingless vivipiUMiis iwiuile.

(irei'ii. Antcimao dusky? ('oruicles liliick, with (Ik; i.a^cs jialu grcciiisli.
Cauda irrccn? Legs mostly git'ciiish'.' '

Body oval, turnislu'd \\i(li iu:uiy riitlicr Lmg stonf hristlcs, wliicli ai'c not
capitate. Head witli some very long Ill■i^tles wliirli are very slightly Isimlilied.
Frontal tubcreles very huge, straight on tlie inner side. Antennae very hmg and
slender, with some long V(n-y sliglitly knohbed liairs; the Ist'oint very large, much
longer than thr 2n(], somewliat convex on the inner side; the ^Ird somewhat luirved,
l)riivided with tVoiii 3-5 small riiculir sensoria near the base; the 4th lacldiig
sensori'i; the relative lengtii of ;oin(s as follows: 111-210, I\'-18S, V-1.54, V[-2yO
(70 + 220). It.ostrum reaching beyond tjie middle coxae'.' Cornicles long and
slender, cylindrical, somcwiiat expanded towaid the base, imbricated, reticulated on
tlie distal hall', slmrter than the Sth antennal .'oint, nearly t\\i<'e as long as the base
of the last antennal .ioint, about 1.3 times as long as the cauda. Cauda, very large,
stout, longer than the base of tiie last antennal joint, provideil witji some long
bristles. Legs very long and slender, provided with many long stout liairs wjiicii
are not capitate; hind tarsi much shorter than the base of the last antennal joint.
Jjength of body-about 2.3 jnni? Antenna al out 4.4 nun.
Coruielc-about O.tio mm. Cauda-aliout O.-l nun.

ll^jHt.'Artcmisid VHhjuri.s, vnr. imfica.

Distribution. -Formosa : Taihoku.

A few wingless forms were collected on .January 22, 1923, by Mr. K. Kurosawa.
Macrosiphum gobonis Ala's.

Aphididae of Formosa-1, p. 5 (1921) and Aphididao of Formosa 2, p. (JO
(1923).

Nymph of viviparous female.

Key to instai'S.

( 1 ) Antennae •") jointed ( 2 )

Antennae 6 jointed ( 3 )

(2) Tlie 3ril antennal joint lacking hairs The 1st ins'.ar.

The 3rd antennal joint with sonic bristles. Tin; 2nd instar.

( 3 ) Cauda, when seen from above, as knig as w'ide The 3rd instar.

Cauda longer than wide H he 4th iustar.

22 it- Tjikiiliaslii

(TIr! IsL iiis(ar) Blarkisli Lrowii. Head lilackisli. Eyes, aulcmuu', coruirlos,
Cauda, and logs almost black. Eody oblyiig, provided witli iiKUiy very long normal
bristles arising from very small tulii'n'lcs. He.id ratlicr largo, prii\i(lrd (ui lliu
dorsal surtiiee with 8 very long bristles, wbiili are almost as long as tlio 1st antennd
joint and are not knobbed. Front.il tubercles almost abs.'ui. Kyes rather lirgo,
somewhat protruding, witli small ocular tubercles. Antennae 5 u inted; the 3rd
joint almost as stout as, or more slender than, the I'ront tilii.i, slightly imbriiatcd nu
tlie distal part, lacking scnsoria and hairs; ihc 4tii somewliat imbrii'alcd, somewhat
dilated on tlie distal J>art, with tlie apical seusorium of iiiciliuiii or ra' her small size,
furnished on tiie distal ]>art with 3 long bristles wjiicli are sJiortcr tlian those on tlie
liody, the 5th provided with 2 bristles on tlie base; the relative leugiii of joints as
follows: 111 42, IV-28, V-102 (17+85). Kostrum reaching beycmd tlie hind
coxae. Body lacking lateral tubercles. Cornicles rather stout, stouter than the hind
tibia, vi^y slightly expanded toward the base, somewhat constricted just at the apex,
not curv'iid, v(a"y slightly imbricated, not reticulated, almost 2.5 times as long as
wide, a little longer than the 4tli antennal Joint, much longer than ihc hind t;iisi.
Cauda very short, mucli shorter tlian the cornicle, wider than long, almost trian-
gular when seen from above, witji a pair of long Literal bristles. Legs large and
stout; the tront and middle pairs of tibiae provided with some long stout hairs; the
liind tibiae almost as long as the 5tli aiitcmial joint, furnished with m my very long
bristles; hind tarsi longer than the base of the 5th antennal joint.
Length of body about 1.0 nun. Antenna about 0.9 mm.
(The 2nd instar) Ditlers from the first instar as follows:

Head provideil wi^h more than 10 bristles on the dorsal surface. l''rou<al
tubercles very short. Antennae 5 'oiuted as in the 1st instar, but longer; the 3rd
joint somewhat imbricated on the distal part as in the 1st iust.ir, ])rovided with
some moderately long stout hairs which are s<'arcely knobbed; the 4tli with about 5
similar bristles; the relative length ol joints as follows: III ()7, l\'-37, V-li7
(17 + 110). Cornicles h)nger, much longer than the 4tli antennal joint, somewhat
expanded toward the base, very slightly (uirvcd, not eonsU-icted, almost 3 times as
long as w ide, alxuit 2.8 times as long as tlic caiida. Cauda longer, somewhat wider
than long; jnovided with :) pairs of long lateral bristles, of which the basil pair is
much longer.

Length of body-about 1.4 mm. Antenna alxiul 1.15 mm.
Cornicle aljout 0.3 n)m.

.\|ilii.lM:M-..rF.irninsa.— n. 2?,

(Tiio •^>r(l iiistar) Dift'urs from tlip scfoiid iiistar as tbllnw?:

Frontal tnlicrclcs moderatply dovclopofl, vprv slightly fouvex ou thn inner
sido. Antt'iiiKiL' Inngcr, C "ointcd; tlie ;ir(l "oint not imbricatccl; the relative length
of joints as f .ll,,xvs: III-64, IV 57, V o5, VI lo.'^ (20+13^). Wing inds begin-
ning to apjicar. Cornidcs longer, a little more than twiee as long as tlie eiinda.
Cauda almost as long ns ^^•ide, provided with ahont 5 pairs of bristles, of MJiich one
pair is much longer.

Length of body about 2.0 nun. Antenna about i.f^ mm.
C'oruiele about 0.5 mm.

(The 4th instar) Differs irom the third inslar as follows:

(Wingless form) b^rontal tulienb'S larger. Antennae longer; i.lie relative
length of joints as follows: Ill-lSfi, IV-95, V 80, VM97 (30+167). Cornieles
very l"ng, almost twice as long as the otii antennal joint, almost 5 times as long as
Avide. Cauda more slender, longer tlian wide, provided with many very long
lateral bristles.

Lensth of IhkIv about 2.3 mm. Antenna about 2.35 mm.
Cornielc-about 0.65 mm.

Tiie tullv grown nymph differs from the wingless adult in tin- following
eliaraeters:

The 3rd antennil 'oint laeks sensoria. Cornieles not reticulati'd and not
prominently imbricited. (/auda shorter.

(\\'inged form) I'^rontal tubercles larg.>r. Antennae longer; the relative
kngth of joints as follows: 111 137, TV 100, V-8 ), VI-210 (30+180). f"orni.-les
vcrv long, almost twice as long as tiie 5tli antennal joint, about 5 times a^' long as
wide, about 2.5 times as long us the cauda.

Cauda about 1.3 tinies as long as wide, [irovided with many very long
bristles. "Wing jiads well develiped.

Length of liody-al out 2.4 mm. Anteun;x-ab(uit 2.8 mm.
Corniclc-al out 0.8 nun.

The l)ody is blinlc and tiie bises of femora and the basal halves of tibiae are
somewhat brownish in the grown nymphs (the third and fourth instars): in the
fully-grown nymph ot the winged form the uusothorax is blaekisli green, with the
wing-pads bl uk.

These descriptions wer(> made from the specimens collected on Cirximn
jiipiiiiictdii in January and February, 1923, at Taihoku. A tew wingless viviparous

24 1'^- T:ikaliaslii

females were nlwrved on f'lirijsdidlii-iiiniii ccrniKwhi m on .laiiuary 29,192;!, at
Taihoku. Some viviparous females were collected on lUinufn luilftaiiii/rni on
November 22, 1923, at Kankan, Kosluin, Formosa. 'l"he viviparons females, both
wino'efl and wingless, were observed in abundance on .Irctimii tappa on November
29,1923, at Heito, Formosi.

Macrosiphum neoaitemisiae fakali.

Aphididae of Formosa 1, p. 13 '1921); Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 70 (1923).
Nym])h of viviparous female.

(The first instar) Yellowish green. Eyes dai'k' red. Antennae jiale greenish,
dusky on the apex of the 4th joint, and the 5fh. ( 'ornicl(>s dusky, witli p.Ue
greenish ba'-es. Cauda pale !i>;recnisli. Ijes^s pale oreen, dusky on the tarsi, as well
as on the apices of tibiae.

J5ody oblong, broadest at midU^ngth of the abdonu'u. Head large, provided
on the dorsum with about 10 I'ather long stout hairs, which are not knobbed.
Frontal tubercles almost absent. Eyes somewhat protruding, almost without ocular
tuliercl(\s.

Antennae almost as stout as the front tiliia, 5-j(uut(id; th(^ 3rd joint not imbri-
cated, without hairs; the 4th not imbricated, almost as long as t'lie basal 2 joints
taken togctlier, jirovided witli abmit 4 r.ithi'r long stoat bristles, the si'iisurinin
circular and moderate in size; the 5th imbricated, with 1 or 2 bristles ou the hisal
part; the relative length i f joints .as follows: III-30, IV 22, V 73 (15 {OS).
nostrum reaching a little beyond th(! hind coxae. Prothorax without lateral tuber
cles. Thorax and abdomen furnished with some rather long: stout bristles.

Cornicles almost as stout as the hind tibia, somcwhiit dilated on tlie distal half,
scarcely or very slightly expanded toward the ba'^c, curved, not indiricad'd, sliglitlv
shorter than the spur of the last antennal joint.

('auda very short, much wider than long, much shorter than the hind ttirsi,
M'ith a pair of long bristles.

Legs large, provided \vith many long sfont hairs; hind tibi;ie \\ith verv long
bristles; tarsi very slightly imbricated, with some short bristles; hind l.irsi aliiDSI as
long as the 4th antennal joint.

Length of body-about 0.75 mm. Antenna abiMit 0.6 miu.

(The second instar) Differs from (he first in tlie following characters:

I!ody provided with about 3 very short blunt lateral tubercles. Frontal tuber-
eles very short. Fyes protruding, with the ocular tubercles sligjilly ])rolMlienin(.

Antennae lono'cr; tho "vd joint provided witli soiae moderate or rather long stout
bristles; the 4th sliglitly imbricated <m tlie distil part, provided with some bristles;
the relative length of -..iiits aliont as follows: III 52, IV-35, V 95 (20f75).
Cornicles longer, less eiirved, almost as long as the 5tli antennal joint. ( Vin<la
liiii^cr, lUMvided with 5 liristles.

Length of bi)dy-about 1.1 mm. .Vntenna-abont 0.85 mm.

(The third instar). letters from the second in the following characters:
Antennae longer, 6-jointed, with some knobbed hairs; the 3rd joint not imbri-
cated, sometimes shorter than the 4th; the 4th very slightly imbricated on the distal
part; the relative length of joints about as follows: ir[-33, IV-32, Y-35, VI 94
(20 f 74). "Wing-pads beginning to appear. Cornicles longer, less curved, slightly
swollen on tlie distal portion, somewiiat expanded at the base, very slightly imbri-
cated, almost as long as the 6th antennal joint, about 4 times as hjng as the cauda.
Cauila longer, almost as long as wide, provided with 3 pairs of lateral and one apical
bristles. Tibiae dusky; hind tarsi sliglitly longer than the eauda.
Length of iiody-about 1.3 mm. Antenna about 1.25 mm.
C'ornielc-about 0.55 mm.

(The foiirtli iu'-tar) Differs from the third in tli? following cliaract'rs:
(Wingless form) Antennae loiiger; the relative length of joints about as
tojiows: Til Go, IV 60, V 55, VI i:U (27 + 107). Curnj.'les v.'ry long, much
iongei' tliun the fith antennal joint. ( '.iiida longer, somewhat longer than wide,
provided with about 5 pairs of lateral and an .ipieal bristle.
Length of body about 1.7 nun. .\utenni about 1 .•> nim.
( '(irnichi-abont O.'Jo mm.

(Winged form). The relitive haigtii of antennrd joints about as fnilows:
iri-70, IV-60, V-5;5, VI-137 '27+TlO). Wing-p.uls well developed, dusky. Meso-
tiiora.v green is] I.

Lengtl) of body about 2.1 mm. Antenna about 1.55 mm.
('orniele-al)out 0.(58 mm.

])esirilieil from specimens colleeted in Afareh, 1023, at Taihoku.

Macrosiphum perillae n. sp.

(IT. VIII, B, figs. 1-5)

Wingless viviparous female.

Body p.de yellowish brown, somewhat sliining. Thorax dark brown on the

dorsum, abdomen dark brownish on either side of the din-sum. Eves dark brown.

26 15- T:ili:iliasln

Antennae and cornielcs libuk. (.'iiuda p.ilo yellowish l)ru\\ii. T^ogs juile brown,
distal halves of femora, apices of libiie, and tarsi black.

Body oval. Head on the dorsal snrfiii'e jirovided with 8 very long somewhat
laiiiblx'd ytout liiirs arising from very small tnbsrdes, th-'S} hiivs almost as long as
tlie 2nd antcnnal joint. Front il tubrnlcs mi tlie inner side somewliat ennvex and
]>rovided witli a similar liaii-. Eyes normal. Antenuae long and slen<l(a'; tlie 1st
joint much larger tlian the 2nd; the 3rd somewhat imiiricated at tlie base, jmivided
with :l or 4 large circular sensoria, which are noJ protruding, arranged in a longitu-
dinal row near the base, with about l:^> long, somewhat knobl)od, stout haii-s which
are shorter than those on the head; tlie ]>ortion on whicli tlie sensoria are situated
dilated; the 4th somewhat iinbric.Ucd, without sensoria, ])rovided with a few similar
hairs; the relative length of joints al)out as follows: III 95, IV-68, V-65, VI-184
(28 + 1.5)). Ivostrum reaching tlie hind coxae. Pronotum witli 6 very long some-
what knolibed stout hairs arising from very small tubercles; ineso and metathorax
and abdominal segments each provided with some similar liairs arranged in a trans-
verse row on the dorsal surface; these liairs and those on the head almost equal in
lengtli. Cornicles cylindrical, very long and slender, slightly dilated toward the
base, slightly expanded at the base, sometimes very slightly curved, imbricated,
scarcely or not reticulated, a little shorter than th" ^^'rd antcnnal joint, nearly twice
as long as tlie cauda. Cauda long and sh'iider, |iri)vided w itji '■) ])airs of very long
lateral and an a]ii<"i.l brislle. liegs very long and slender, ])i-ovideil with iiiany
very long seta"; trochanter an;] liasal part of the lemur ])rovi led with a fi^w small
circular sensoria; tarsi somewha' imbrica'ed, hind tarsi shorter than the base of the
last antcnnal joint.

Length of body-abont 1.6 mm. Antenna about 2.?> mm.

Cornicle about 0.5 mjn.

Winged \'iviparons female.
Eyes dark bi-own. Antennae and cornicles black. Thorax shining blaek.
Abdomen y. llowish brown, with many dark brown patches on the dorsum. Wings
hyaline; veins and siigma gray. Cauda yellowish brown. Legs jtile brown, with
the apical halves of femora, apices of tibiae, and tarsi black.

Head provided Mith rather long stout hairs on the dorsal surface. Frontal
tubercles distinct, somewhat convex on the inner side which is jirovided with a simi-
lar hair. Antennae very long and slender; the 1st joint larger than the 2ud; the
3rd stouter than the 4th, imbricated on the basd part, jn-ovided with from l;Vl(5

\liliiiliil;ii' ul' Formosa. — 3. 27

large ciri'iilar sensoria arranged almost in a single row over tjie whole length except
at the liase and the tip, with a lew stout hairs whicli are nuirh shorter tlian tliose on
the head; the 4th iniliricatcd, without sensoria, liut with some short setae; tlie relative
length of joints about us follows: III-107, IV-90, V-77, Vr-170 (£0+140).

Rostrum readiiiig the liind eoxae. Venation normal; tlie 1st and 2nd ol>Ii-
(pus on tlic front wing stout; hind wings with 2 almost p.irallcl oliliipies; hooklcts
2. Al)domen jjrovided witii some long slout hairs, wliieh are almost as long
as those on the head and seareely laioblwd, arranged in a transverse row on the
dorsum of the segment. Cornicles cylindrical, very long and slender, very slightly
tai>eriug, not dilated at the base, srarotdy curved, imbricated, roughly reticulated at
th(^ tip, very slighty shorter than the ;»rd antcnmil joint. Cauda long and slender,
])rovidcd witli •"> ]).urs of lateral and an apical very long bristle.

Legs very long and slender; tiliiac provided with many rather long s_tai'; taisi
irnl)rie:\tcd; hind tarsi shorter than tiie basj of the las; antennal joint.
Length of liody-alxiut 1.7 inin. Antenna about 2. o mm.
Fore wing-alwut 2.7 mm. Cornicl(!-ai)out 0.5 mm.

The young and grown nymphs, as well as the winged and wingless viviparous
fcnialcs, are ]irovided with a few small circular sensoria on the trochanter and the
liasa.l |iart of the femur.

ITost.-7-'r///A/ iirijiii'iiiliK L., attacking the lower sidi.' of the leaf.

Uistriliuti'iii. Formos.i : Shinten near Tailioku.

^Fany wiiig-d and wingless viviparous females were collected on Mav 13,
lit2;'., by the author.

Macrosiphum formosanum Takali.
Aphididae of Formosa, part 1, )>. G (1921) and p.irt 2, p. 74 (1923).

Brachyplcrous vivijiarous female.
l)iners I'rom the wingless viviparous female in the following points:

1. Wings of a nyiiiplial character iirescnt.

2. Head with 3 very small ocelli.

:>. 'I'liiira.x somewhat developed, l)ut not so well as that of the winged form.

The relative length of tlie antennal joints is about as follows: III-184, IV-
40, V 10, VM30 (20+110).

A brachypterous female was prodiici'd in 3Iay, and another one in August,
1923, by the wingless form in my laboratory at Tuihoku.

Myzus tropicalis Takah.

2,S K. Tiikuliusiii

(PI. yil, A, Fig. 2-5)
Aphididae of Formosa 2, p].. 24 mid »1 (H»2;)).

N.vnii>li of vivi]>aroiis female.

Kt'V to instars.

( 1 ) Antennae 4-jointed The 1st instar.

Antennae 5 or 6-jointed ( 2 )

( 2 ) Antennae 5-jointod ( 3 )

Antennae 6-jointed < 4 )

( 3 ) Tlic 3rd antennal joint aliout 2.3 times as long as the l>asal

\mrt of the 5tii 'Die 2nd iii.star.

'J'he 3rd antenna! joinl more than 3 times as long as the

basal part of tlie 5th The 3rd instar.

( 4 ) The 3rd antenual joint somewjiat longer than the 4tli, al>out

twiee as long as the lusal p.irt of the Oth. The 3rd instar.

The 3rd antennal joint mueh longer than the 4tb, more than

twice as long as the lusal part of the Gth The 4th instar.

The antennae of the 3rd instar are usually only 5-jointed as in tlie 2nd instar,
I)mI are rarely 6-jointed. In tlic 4th instar the 3rd and 4tii antennal joints are
sometimes poarly defined.

(The fii'st instar; Pal(! yellowish green. Eyes dark reddish hrowii. Antennae
]iale greenisli, dusky du the last joint. Cornieles ]iale greenish, dusky on the apieal
part. Cauda ]>Ue greeni^ili. Legs i>ale greenish, dusky on the I arsi. liody a little
more than twiee as long as wide.

Head inovided with a few rather long stout bristles. Frontal tubercles very
sliort, but distinctly gibbous on tlie inner side. Eyi^s somewiiat ])rotrnding, without
ocular tuboreles. Antennae almost as long as the liody, 4-'oiuled, imbricated,
providc<l with a fi'W stmit bristh's of moderate length; the 1st joint somewhat convex
on llie inner side; the 3rd |udvide(l with aiiout 2 bristles near the a|)e.\, the senso-
riuni rather small; the relative length of joints about as foUows: 111 i)?, IV-73
(134-60). Rostrum rea-liing a little l)eyond th(; mi<KUe coxae. Abdomen with a
few sJiort hairs.

Cornicles short, rather stout, broadest at the base, very sliglithy ta])ering, not
expanded at the base as in the adult, scarcely or not curved, imbricated, not reticu-
lated as in the adult, aliout twice as long as wi<le, longer than the base of the last
antennal joint. Cauda very short, broadly rounded, with 2 bristles. Legs stout;

Aiiliiiliilao of Fiiriuipsu. — 3. 29

t'lMiit niiil middli; liliiur willi sunie sliiirt S(;tii.c, liiiid tilii;ic willi sotuc very lung
liri'^drs; liiiiij tarsi very slightly longer than llic liasc ot'tliu la-^t antriuial .'nint.
I>rnglli lit' liiiiiy-aliont 0.G5 nun.

'I'lit: wingU'SS vivi]iai'(ius tcniiilcs wcrr i.liscrvcd in almiidancc on I'l'/iii'S
prrsivd. in A]>im1, 1923, at Tailmkn, when a t'rw wingod t'oiius witc also oUscrvi/d.

Tlic canda id the f'nll t;i'ii\\u iiyni]>li is triangular wlicn seen IVmn almvc, widiT
tliaii long, and is jiioviilfd with almiit '^ ]i.iirs of long stout liristlrs.

A wingi'd vivi|iarous tlanih', roUrctcd on Ajn-il L', 192:"., at Taihiku, was
|iro\idrd with ahoul IS scnsoria on tliii ord antcnual ;oint.

i^oinc wingless vivij'iirous it males were cidleeted liv Mr. M. Kurisaki at
Tadoito, VViikayaina-prefecture, .lajiau, on A|iril 29, 1920, and liy IJie author at
Fukimka, .laii.ui, on June 2, 192:'>. Tliis apiiis \\a,s iiitiiei-to unknown Ironi .la,|>au.

MyzuS varians Davidson?

(I'l. 1, J!, tigs. 7 ct, PI. VI, A, Hg. ;'.)
Journal Kcon. Enloiu. V, p. 409 (1912).

Wingless vivi|>irous leniale.
Y(dli)W. Eyes lijaek. , AntiMUiae pd-: yellowish, apiees ot' joints o •") and most
111 the Gth hlackisji. Coriiieles ]),ilu yellow, witii tlio apices lilaek. Cauda yellow.
I^egs pale yellow, apiees (j1 tiluae, and tai'si lilaek. Body oval. Head provided
with a' lew nioderaU' to rather long bristles whieii are fomew hit capitate. I'^yos
]irolruding, mil large. Frontal tuliTides large, almost as long as the 2nd ant'nnal
joiut, convex on the inner side. ^Vntenuue imlu-icated, almost withotit hairs; the 1st
'"oiut slightly convex on the inner side; the -ird joint lacking scnsoria; the relative
length ofjoinls as follows: 1 II 95, IV~6:?, V-60, VI 144 (2o + l 19). Ro truiu nuu-li-
ing heyond the middle coxae. A lidomen provided with a few rather sliort lirisllcs.
Cornicles long, cylindrical, moderately stout, somewlut exjiuidiul toward the l)ase,
very slightly curved on the distal portion, imhricated, not reticulated, sligiitly
longer than the 'jril antcnual joint, aluiost thrice as long as the cauda. Cauda liroad-
e.st at the liasc, tapering, stouter than tlie cornicle, provided with '■) |).urs of lateral
bristles. Legs long and slender, ])rovidcd with some moderately long bristles; hind
tarsi nearly as long as the base of the (5th antennal joint.
Jjongth of body-about l.'J nun. Antciini-aliout 2.0 mm.
Cornicle-about 0.55 mm.

Winged vi\i|)arous feuiale.
Head, eyes and antennae black. Thorax almost black. Cornicles blackLsli.

30 II. Takaliaslu

Cauda l)lafl<. AIkIoiucu dark griicu, hhiL'kisli on tlir iIdi-suih. Wiii^s liyuliuc, vi^iiis
brownish. Logs brown, distal halves oi'l'cniora, apices of tii)iae, and tarsi bjaeh.

Fniutal tubereles well dcveloi)ed, modcratidy convex on the inner side wliieh
is provided witli some rather long bristles. Antennae imbricated, with a few very
short hairs; tlie 1st joint very large, moderalely convex on the inner s'de; tlii^ ^b'd
"oiut with the basal tive sixths ]>:ovi<led \\it]i almut lo circular seusoria of mediiuu
size, ni)t arr.inged in a single row; llie 4tli \\i(hunt sMisoria; the relative length of
■uints aliont as Ibllows: IlM'2o, IV-87, V-81, VI-218 (32+ ISC). Eostrum nearly
reaching the middle coxae. Abdomen with some iiidderately long lirislles. ('i)rnicks
cylindrical, ahmst as linig as the 4th antennal nint, somewliat imbricited, somewhat
expanded toward tiie bnse, soiuewhat enrved. M'iiig veins normal; hind wings with
2 sligiitly divergent oliliijnes; liooUlets 3. J/'g-^ long and slender, famished wilh
moderately long hairs; hind tarsi shorter than the bas<! of the las' antenna] "oinl.
Length of Uxly-abont L7 mm. Anteiina-alMint 2.5 mm.
Cornicle about •).4 mm. Fore wing al>out 3.2 mm.

Hoi^t.-C'fci/Kitis sjicrics. attacking tiie hjwer suriacc of the haf.

Distril)ution. r\)rmosa: Taiiioku.
Xorth America..

iritiierto unreeordeii from Formosa.

A tew wingli'ss and a wing'il vi\iiiarous I'emale were collected on January 5,
1923, by the author.

Myzus plantagineus Pass?

Passeriiu, Cli Alidi, p. 3o (1800j.

Wingless viviparous temale.

I'ale lirown, greenisli on the anterior half and yellowish on llie posterior |)n-t.
Ey(s black. Anienu.ie p.ile frown, disal half of the otii joinl, and tlie (illi black.
Cornicles brownish on the hasal half, wi:h the distal part blackish. Cauda lule
yiillowish b.own. Legs pale brown, apices of libi:ie, and tirsi l)|ack. JSodv
ova!. Head almost wilhout hairs. Froutal tubercles almost as long as the 2ml
antennal ((int, moderatelv convex on the inner siil". Antennae lonsi and verv
slender, inda-icated, without liairs; the 3rd joint without sensorii; tlie otii with a
sen.sorium of medium or rather small six; at the tip; the relative length of ;oints as
tbll,,ws: JIL8S, IV 70, V-57, VI 123 (23+ ICO). R,.strum reaching th" hind
coxae. I'rothorax with a very small blunt lateral tulvn'le. .Vbdoiuen with a few
very small fairs. Cornicles very long and sleii<|er, cylindrieal, slighllv curved,

Al.liMM'W.,rF..nM.Ka.— ^. ?A

somewhat cxpainled tnward th'i 1 asc, imlniratod with the cxccplidn of tlio part near
the apex, not iTticiilalcd, almost as long as the Hrd antmnal joint, mndi loniicr
than tlio cnnda.

Cauda very stont, stouter tlian the eornifde, tapering on the distal part.

Legs very long and sh nder; tilmie more slender than the eorniele, provided
\\ith many nioderatcdy long setae, mostly on the distal half; hind tarsi almost as
long as the bi'.sc of the last antennal joint.

Longtii of iiody-ai:out 1.-"j mm? Antenna ahont 1.9 mm.
Cornielc-ahoiit O.o mm.

Of three specimens of the wingless form that I have eolleeted, two are not
pi'ovidrd witli scnsoria on the "rd and 4th antennal joints, lint one is fiirnislKid
with 3 or 4 very small almost circular or oval sensoria on the distal portion of the
3rd joint, 9 to 13 simihir ones not arranged in a single row on the 4tli, and 4 or
in a single row on the 5th.

Winged viviparous female.

Head and tiiorax shining Mack. Eyes, antennae, eornicles and cmda hlaek.
Abdomen lirowiiish green, almost blackish on tlie dorsum. Legs pale brown, distal
halves of femora, apices of tibiae, and tarsi Ijjack. Wings hyaline; stigma ]ialc
gray; veins almost blacki-^li lirown. Head ]irovided with about 8 niinnte hairs on
the dorsal snrfaye. Frontal tuliei-<Ies not very large, distinctly convex on the inner
side. Eyes large, witli disiinct ocular tubercles. Antonnai very long and sl'ndcr,
without hairs; the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd; the 3rd very long, slightly
imbricated, provided with about OS ratlier large circular or oval stuisoria scattered
ov<a- the whole length; the 4th somewhat imbrie.ited, provided with about 29 similar
scnsoria scattered over th" whole length; the 5th with about 11 sensoria: the relative
length of joints as tbUows: HI 150, lV-94, V-t3S, VI 149 (27 + 122). Rostnnn
reatdiing the middle iixa". Prothorax with a small blunt lateral tudei'ulc near the
hind margin. .Vbdomen jirovidi'd with a few minute hairs arranged in a transverse
row (in the dorsum ot the segments. Corniok's cylindrical, slender, searcely curved,
someM'hat expanded toward the base, stouter than the tibia, imbrieited ^xeept mar
the tip, not reticulated, almost as long as the 5th antennal joint, nincji longer th:in
the Cauda.

Cauda stont, more so tlian the cornicle, sumcwhal longer than wi(k', tapering,
narrowed iin the dis'.al jrart, with about G rather long lateral bristles. Legs verv
long and sleniler, tibiae jirovided with many ninderate to rather long setae, mostlv

P,2 K. TMk:ili:islii

on the distal liall'; liiml larsi almost as long us tlio la^c of tlic lust ;int<imiil 'oIu(.
Wings normal; hind wings with 2 almost parallel obliques; hoohlots 3.

Length of body- about l.S mm'.' Antenna-abont 2.4 mm.

Fore wing about 2.8 mm. Corniele-abouf 0.:^. mm.

Fullv-grown nympii of winged viviparous female
Pale brownish. Head pnniiled with S very small hairs on tjie dorsum. Tiio
i]ii<l(lle of the front <listiu(tly protruding. Eyes large, with distinct ocular tidier-
oles. Frontal tubereles distinet, with ilie inner side distinctly convex. Antennae
rather stout, imliricated, G-Jointed, without hairs; the 1st joint larger tlian the 2nd,
somewhat (miuvcx on the inner side; the 3rd somewhat stouter than the front tiljia,
larking sensoria; the relative Icngtji of joints as follows: IIF8"), IV 60, V-49,
VI-121 (21 + 100). Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae. Prothorax with
a small blunt lateral tubercle. Abdomen with about 3 very small blunt lateral
tubercles, the segments provided with a few moderately long to rather short setae.
Cornicles cylindrical somewhat expanded toward the base, imbricated tor almost tlie
entire length; not or Imt slightly curved, stouter than tlie tibia, alnn st as long as
or slightly longer than the 4th antennal oint, not reticidatcd.

Legs long; front and middle tiljia ■ j)rovide(I with some moderat<'ly long
setae; the hind with long bristles; tarsi imbricated; hind tarsi slightly long'r tliau
the base of the last antennal joint. Cauda very short and stout, wider than long,
shorter than the hind tarsi, rounded, with about 5 long bristii^s.

Length of body about 1.4 mm. Antenna about 1.6 mm.

Cornicle about 0.3 mm.

Young nympli (the fir.st ius'.ar).
Pale brownisii. Pody almost without hairs. I'rontai tulierchs very short,
Somewhat convex on the iuuer side. Eyes large, sonicwliat protruding, with the
ocular tubercles iudi.stinet. Antennae stout, slightly imbricated, njo'uted, witlnuit
hairs; lii<' Srd joint almost as stout as the front tibia, witliout sensoria; th(^ 4lh
provided with a circular ajtical sensorinni of medium si/.e; the relative length of
joints as follows: IIL23, IV-18, V-65 (15 + 00). Rostrum long and stout, reaching
the hind coxae. Cornichs short and sU'Ut, almost as stout as, or slightly more
than, the hind tiliia, almost twice as long as wide, slightly expanded at about
midlength, somewhit imlirica'cd, almost as long as the 4ih antennal joint, the base
as wide as the middle. Cauda siiort, wider than long, rounded, provided with a
])air of long bristles. L'gs stout, provided with some moderately long setae; hind

Apliididae of Fornmsn. — 3. 33

tibiae with a few long bristles!, tarsi slightly imbricated; hind tarsi almost as long as
the base of the last antennal joint.

Length of body-about 0.7 mm. Antenna-about 0.55 mm.

Host.- riantago major, attacking the lower surface of the leaf.

Distribution .-Formosa : Taihoku.

A few viviparous females were collected on February C, 1923, by tiie writer.
Capitophorus braggii (Gillette).
(PI. Ill, A, fig. (i & PI. VI, A, figs. 4-5)

Mipiis hrrii/i/i;. Gillette, Can. Ent. xl, p. 17 (1908); Swain, Univ. California,
Pub. ni, p. 73 (1919).

Caj)iiiijJi(iriis hri(<j<//i, van dor Goot, Kenntnis Holland. P>lattl. ]). 119 (1915).
Wingless viviparous female.

Pale yellowish green. Each thoracic and abdaminal segment with a pair of
green patches on the dorsum. Eyes dark red. Antennae pale greenish, apex of the
5th joint and the base of the 6th very slightly dusky. Cornicles pale greenish,
slightly dusky at the apex. Cauda pale greenish. Legs pale greenish, the tarsi
slightly dusky.

Body soft, somewhat narro\\cd, provided with many distinct stout capitate
hairs arising from very small tubercles. Head provided with 3 pairs of long capitate
hairs between the frontal tubercles and 4 similar but much shorter hairs between the
eyes. Frontal tubercles very large, almost as long as the 2nd antennal joint, slightly
convex on the inner side which is provided with 2 long capitate hairs. The capitate
hairs on the front almost as long as the 2nd antennal joint. Eyes ratlier small,
protuberant. Antennae very long and slender, imbricated, furnished with a few
very short capitate hairs; the let joint much larger than the 2nd, well developed
on the inner side; the 3rd joint without sensoria; the relative length of joints as
follows: III-93, IV-70, V-65, VI-197 (22-fl75). Eostrum reaching the hind
coxae. Abdomen furnished with 6 capitate hairs on the dorsum of each segment,
those on the posterior two or three segments and near the sides longer. Cornicles
long, very slender, cylindrical, sometimes slightly curved, slightly expanded at the
base, imbricated, not reticulated, a little shorter than the spur of the 6th antennal
joint, almost thrice as long as the cauda. Cauda bi'oadest at the base, gradually
tapering, about twice as long as wide, furnished with about 10 bristles. Legs very
long and slender, provided with many hairs, some of which are knobbed; hind tarsi
short, almost as long as the base of the last antennal joint.

34 T'- Takaliaslii

Length of body-about 1.8 mm. Antenua-about 2.0 mm.
Cornicle-about 0.6 mm.

H.ost.-Cir.sui.mjapomcum, attacking tho lower surface of the leaf.

Distribution.-Formosa: Taihoku. Japan.
North America; Europe?

Some wiuglesi3 viviparous females were observed on December 24 and 30,
1922. Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa.

Capitophoriis fnrvwsartemisiae Takah. (Aphididae of Formosa-!, p. 25,
1921) is closely related to Capitophm-us pilosus v. d. Goot (Tijdschr. voor Entom.
1912, p. 68), but differs from it in the mucli shorter antenna, as well as in lacking
sensoria on the 3rd antennal joint of the wingless viviparous female.

C. formosartemisiae Takali. and C. hrcu/gii Gillette were collected by Mr. M.
Kurisaki at Tadono in Wakayama-profecture, Japan, and C. Idppojilmes (Koce) by
the autJior on Galcopsis up. at Hakozaki in Fukuoka-pi'efecture, Japan, and on
Polygonum sp. at Kyoto and Tokyo, in June, 1923.

It has never been determined that Phoi'odon galeopsidis Mats. (Trans.
Sapporo Nat. Hiat. Soc. vii, pt. 1, p. 15, 1918) is synonymous with Mijzii.fi galeopsidis
(Kalt.) or Capitopliorus Jiippophaes (Koch).

Capitophorus species.
Wingless viviparous female

Yellow. Body oval, provided with a few capitate hairs. Head furnished
with a pair of capitate hairs at the middle of the front, as well as on the dorsum
between the frontal tubercles. These hairs very stout, almost as long as the 2nd
antennal joint, each arising from a very small tubercle. Frontal tubercles distinct,
on the inner side somewhat convex and furnished with 2 similar capitate hairs one
of which is shorter. Eyes rather small, with small ocular tubercles. Antennae
long and slender, imbricated, lacking distinct hairs; the 1st joint much larger than
the 2nd, convex on tlie inner side; the 3rd sometimes very slightly curved, without
sensoria; the relative length of joints about as follows: in-60, IV-uO, V-45, VI-
118 (18 + 100). Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae. Sides of the pro-and
mesothorax each furnished with a capitate hair, which is almost as long as those on
the head. Basal abdominal segments without hairs, the 7th segment furnislied with
a pair of capitate hairs on the dorsum, the 8th with 6 similar dorsal hairs which are
a little longer than those on the head. Cornicles very long and slender, cylindical,
somewhat expanded at the base, almost as slender as, but shorter than, the hind

Apliididae of Formosa. — 3. 35

tibia, imbricated, almost as long as the distal part of the last autennal joint, about 3
times as long as the cauda, extending beyond the tip of the Cauda. Cauda rather
lai-ge, stout, gradually tapering, about twice as long as wide, with no constrictions,
with aliout 3 pairs of lateral bristles. Legs slender, with many moderately long to
ratlier short non-capitate setae; tarsi imbricated; hind tarsi almost as long as the
basal part of the last antenual joint.

Length of body-about 1,3 mm. Antenna-about 1.5 mm.
Cornicle-about 0.5 mm.

Host.-C'irsinvi Japoiiicum, attacking the leaf.
Distribution.-Formosa : Kusukusu in Koshun.

Some wingless forms were collected by the author on November 25, 1923.
This aphis closely allied to C. curdulnus Walk., but is a distinct species.
Neophorodon rubi Takah.

(PI. vni, A, tigs. 9-11).

Proc. Eutom. Soc. Washington, 24, p. 204 (1922) and Aphididae of
Formosa-?, p. 17 (1923).

The author collected some wingless viviparous females and a full-grown nymph
of the winged form on the leaves of Ruhus sjk on May 13, 1923, at Shinten, near
Tailioku. These specimens differ somewhat from those described in the former
papers.

Wingless viviparous female.

Pale yellow. Eyes black. Antennae pale yellowish, apices of the 3rd, 4th, and
5th joints, and the 6th except the base black. Cornicles pale yellow, with black
apices. Cauda yellow. Legs pale yellowish brown. Body oval. Head rather
small, the dorsal side provided with 8 rather long capitate hairs, which are shorter
than the 2nd antenual joint and arise from very small tubercles, and two similar
hairs on the front. Frontal tubercles conspicuous, almost as long as the 2nd
ant(>nnal joint, yery slightly convex on the inner side which is provided vvith 2
similar capitate hairs. Eyes rather small, very conspicuously protuberant, with large
ocular tubercles. Antennae long and slender, imbricated, provided with a few or
more very short capitate hairs; the 1st joint larger than the 2nd, on the inner side
witii a distinct projection whicJi is almost as long as tlie joint, almost attains
tlic apex of the 2nd, and is provided with about 3 short capitate hairs; the 2nd
without a tul)erclc; the 3rd more slender than the front tibia, witiiout sensoria; the
4th sometimes fused with the 3rd; the 5th with an apical sensoriiun of rather small

3(5 K. Tukiihash)

size; (ho rclaUve longtli of joints about as follows: 111-55, IV-40, V-35, VI-92
(22+70). Rostrum reaching beyond tlic iniddlo coxae. Pronotum providc^d with
6 rather long capitate hairs arising from very small tubercles on the dorsum and
with a similar, but longer hair on either side. Meso-and metathorax each with 4
similar capitate hairs arranged in a transverse row on the middle of the dorsum and
2 others on the cith(T side. The 1st abdominal segment with 4 ca-pitatc hairs
arranged in a transverse row on the middle of the dorsum and a similar one on
either side; the 2nd, :"rd, 4th and 5th each M'itla a pair of similar hnirs on the middle
of the dorsum and one on the side of each; the 6th, 7tli, and 8th each with 6 or
more similar hairs arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum. Cornicles long
and slender, somewhat dilated on tlie distal half and at tJie base, broadest at the
base, not curved, scarcely imbricated, not reticulated, almost as long as the last
antenual joint. Cauda stout. Legs long and slender, provided with many rather
long setae; tibiae more slender than the cornicle; tarsi somewhat imbricated; hind
tarsi almost as long as the base of the last antennal joint.
Length of body-about 1.7 mm. Antenna-about 1.3 mm.

The winged form is not provided with capitate hairs, Ijut the nymyh possesses
them.

Amphorophora oleraceae v. d. Goot.

Apliididue of Foniiosa-l, p. 28 (Ht21); Aphididae of Formosa 2, p. 84 (1923).
Nymph of viviparous female.

(The lirsL iustar) Green. Eyes dark brown. Antennae pale green, apices
of joints very slightly dusky. Cornicles and cauda pale green. Legs pale green,
tarsi dusky.

Body oblong, slightly more than twice as long as wide, lacking hairs. Frontal
tubercles alwent. Eyes somewhat protuberant; ocular tiiljcroles almost absent.
Antennae 4-joiuted, somewhat shorter than tlu! body, without hairs; the 3rd joint
slightly imbricated on the distal portion, witii a sensorium of rather small size at
the apex; the 4th imbric.ited, the base almost as long as the 2nd; the relative length
of joints as follows: III-40, IV-61 (12+49). Rostrum reaching slightly beyond the
Jiind coxae. Body without tubercles. Cornicles stout, nearly as stout as the hind
tibia, almost twice as long as wide, nearly as long as the liind tarsi, scarcely or
very slightly expanded about the middle, not expanded a* tlie base, with the apex
somewhat constricted, neither iral)ricated nor reticulated.

Cauda short, broadly roiuidcd, nuicli sliorter than wide, wilh a. pair of rather

AijhidiJac of Formusa. — 3. 37

long bristles.

Tibiae stouter than tlie ord anteniial joint; front and middle tibiae provided
with some rather sliort setae; distal portions of hind tibiae with some very long
bristles; tarsi very slightly imbricated; Iiiud tarsi longer than the base of the last
antennal joint.

Lengtli of body-about 0.75 mm.

(The second instar). Colour almost as in the first instar. Heail provided
with a few minute hairs. Frontal tubercles quite short or almost absent. Eyes
with small ocular tubercles.

Antennae somewhat shorter than the body, almost without hairs, 5 jointed;
the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd; the 3rd very slightly imbricated on the distal
portion; the 4tii almost as long as, or slightly shorter than, the basal 2 joints taken
togetlier, with the sensorium small; the relative length of joints as follows: III--i6,
IV-25, V-86 (16 + 70). Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae. Body without
tubercles.

Abdomen almost without hairs. Cornicles more than thrice as long as wide,
somewhat narrowed toward the apex and base, not expanded at the base, almost as
stout as the hind tibia, longer tiian the 4th antennal joint, more tlian twice as long as
tlie Cauda, longer tlmn the iiind tarsi, not imbricated nor reticulated. Cauda broadest
at the base, tapering, wider than long, provided with 2 pairs of long bristles. Front
and middle tibiae provided with some moderately long to rather short setae; hind
tibiae furnished with some very long bristles; tarsi somewhat imbricated; hind tarsi
longer than the cauda, almost as long as the 4th antennal joint.
Length of body-about 1.0 mm. Antcnua-about 0.8 mm.

The second instar differs from the first in the following characters:

Antennae 5-jointed. Cornicles longcjr. Cauda longer.

(The third instar) Colour almost as in the second instar. Wing-pads [)ale
green. Head provided with a few minute hairs. Frontal tubercles very sliort.
Eyes with distinct ocular tubercles. Antennae somewhat shorter tlian tlie body,
6 -jointed, provided with a few minute haii's which are slightly knobbed; the 1st joint
much larger than the 2nd; the 3rd scarcely imbricated; the 4th somewhat imbricated,
almost as long as the basal two joints taken together; the 5th witli an apical senso-
rium of rather small size; the relative length of joints as follows: III-45, IV-37,
V-40, VI-120 (20+100). Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Body witliout
tubercles, ^yiug-pads beginning to appear. Abdomen either without hairs or furni-

38 K. Takahasbi

shed with a icw very sliort ones. Cornicles ratliei' stout, very slightly dilated about
tlic middle, scarcely or very slightly expanded at the base, almost 4 times as long as
wide, stouter than the hind tibia, longer than" the 3rd antennal joint, a little more
than twice as long as the cauda, neither imbricated nor reticulated. Cauda almost
triangular when seen from aliove, almost as long as to somewhat shorter than the
hind tarsi, somewhat wider than long, provided with 3 pairs of lateral bristles. Legs
long; tibiae stouter than the antenna; front and middle tibiae provided witli some
moderately long setae; hind tibiae provided with some very long bristles; tarsi unbri-
cated; hind tarsi longer than the base of the last antennal joint.
Length of body-about 1.5 mm. Antenna-about 1.3 mm.

The third instar dift'ei-s from the second in the following characters:

Antennae^ 6-jointed. AV'iug-pads beginning to appear. Coi'nicles and cauda
longer.

(The fourth instar) Colour almost as in the third instar.

(Wingless form) Body oval. Head provided with a few minute liairs.
Frontal tubercks distinct, with tlie inner side slightly convex. Antennae 6-jointed,'
provided with a few minute slightly knobbed hairs; the 1st joint larger than the 2nd;
the 3rd not imbricated, without sensoria; the 4th imbricated; the 5th witli the apical
sensorium small, much longer than the basal two joints taken together; the relative
length of joints as follows: IIL79, IV-60, V-55, VI-145 (25+120). Rostrum
reaching the middle coxae.

Body M'ithout tubercles. Abdomen provided with a few very short hairs.
Cornicles about 5 times as long as wide, rather stout, somewhat expanded about the
middle, slightly dilated at the base, much stouter than the hind tibia, almost as long
as the 3rd antennal joint, more than twice as long as the cauda. Cauda stout, much
stouter tliau the cornicle, broadest at tiie Imse, tapering, almost as long as wide, with
the apex rounded, slightly longer than the hiud tarsi, with about 3 pairs of long
bristles. Legs long; front and middle tibiae provided with many moderately long
setae; hind tibiae with many very long bristles; tarsi imbricated; hind tarsi a little
longer than the base of the last antennal joint.

Ijcngth of body-about 2.1 mm. Antenna-about 1.7 nun.

(Winged form). Almost as in the wingless form.

The relative length of antennal joints as follows: III-80, IV-55, V-50, VI-
123 (23+100). Wing-pads well developed.

Length of body-about 2.2 mm. Antenna-about 1.7 mm.

Aphklidae of Formosa. — 3. 39

The fourth iustar differs from the third iu the following characters: Wing-
pads well developed in tlie nymph of the winged form. Antennae, cornicles and
Cauda longer.

Described from specimens collected on Lactuca dehiUs in February, 1923, at
Taihokn, Formosa.

Some viviparous females, Iwtii winged and wingless, were collected by Mr, M.
Kurisaki at Tadono in Wakayama-prefecture, Japan, on April 28, 1920, and by the
author at Kyoto, on June 4, 1923. Hitherto unrecorded from Japan.
Amphorophora sonchifoliae Takali.

Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 31 (1923).

The cornicles of tlie winglegs viviparous female are about 1.5 times as long as
the Cauda as in A. olemceae v. d. Coot. In the original description thoy arc in-
correctly recorded as being about 1.7 times as long as the cauda.

Amphorophora taiwana Takali.
(PI. IX,B, iigs. 3-4)
Macroslphum tanoanum, Takahashi, Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 16 (1923).

The cornicles of the wingless viviparous female are slightly to somewhat more
dilated on the distal portion and this species must be removed to the genus yhiipho-
rophora.

Rhopalosiphum lahorensis (Das)
(PI. VI, B, figs, 9-13)
Aphididae of Formosa-1, p. 38 (1921); Aphididae of Formnsa-2, p. 92 (1923).

Wingless viviparous female
Green. Eyes blackish brown. Antennae pale greenish, blackish on the distal
half. Cornicles pale greenish brown, slightly dusky at tlie apex. Cauda pale
greenish. Legs pale greenish, til)iao slightly lu-ownish on tiie distal part, tarsi
black. Body oval, not covered with a po der, furnished with many, distinct, very
short, flat, fan-shaped hairs. Head l)r ad. Frontal tubercles almost lacking. Eyes
not very large, distinctly protuberant, tlie ocular tubercles quite small, hardly
visible. Antennae slender, imbricated, shorter than the body, provided with a few
very small hairs; the 1st Joint much larger than the 2nd, the 3rd without sensoria,
the 5th with a sensorium of moderate size; the relative length of joints about as
follows: III-35, IV-19, V-22, VI-62 (20-f-42). Rostrum almost reaching the
hind coxae. Prothorax with a rather small lateral tubercle.

Abdomen provided with some very short fan-like hairs arranged in a trans-

40 K- Takalmslu

vfirsc row ou the dorsum of tlie segments, those on the posterior half larger than
those on the anterior half.

Cornicles slender, very slightly dilated on the distal portion, not dilated at the
base, not cnrved, not reticulated, somewhat imbricated, longer than the spur of the
last antennal joint, often almost as long as the last antennal joint, about twice as
long as the cauda. Cauda stout, broadest at the Joase, gradually tapering, with the
apex rounded, witliout distinct constrictions, about 1.7 times as long as wide, slightly
shorter than the 3rd antennal joint, provided witli about 5 long bristles. Legs
slender; fore tibiae stouter tlian tlie ord antennal joint; hind tibiae almost as stout as
the cornicle, provided with many rather long hairs, some of which are capitate;
tarsi imbricated, much shorter than the cjnda. Anal plate broadly rounded, witli a
few long hairs.

Length of body about 1.2 mm. Antenna about 0.75 mm.

HosL-Chri/santhemMm sp., attacking the leaf and ilower.

Distribution .-Formosa: Taihoku. India (Das).

A few wingless viviparous females were collected liy the writer on Marc^h 26,
1923.

Jjihis rufomacuJata Wilson (Entom. News, XIX, p. 261, 1908) seems to
1)e very closely allied to this species.

Cavariella neocapreae Takah.
(PI. VII, A, figs. 6-10 and PI. VII, B, figs. 1-2).
Aphididae of Formosa-l, p. 37 (1921); Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 36 and
93 (1923).

Nymph of viviparous female.

Key to instars.

( 1 ) Antennae 4-joiuted Tlie 1st instar.

Antennae 5-jointed (2)

( 2 ) The 3rd antennal joint about twice as long as the 4t]i, almost as

long as the spur of the last joint The 2nd instar.

The 3rd antennal joint more than twice as long as the 4th,

longer than the spui- (,3)

( 3 ) The 3rd antennal joint more than twice as long as the 4th The 3rd instar.

The 3rd antennal joint more than tlirice as long as the 4th The 4th instar.

(The first instar) Yellowish green. Eyes black. Antennae pale greenish,

very sliglitly dusky on the 4tli joint. Cornicles slightly dusky. Cauda pale

ApliiilMao of Formosa.— 3. 41

grcrnisli. Tuliorcli; iilioyc llie cauda very sliglitly dusky. Logs palo grconisli,
sli,<';litly dusky on tlic tarsi.

Eody oblong', slightly mor(' tliau twice as long as wide. Head large, provided
witii a few ra'Iier long stout .bristles on the front. Frontal tubercles absent. J^^yes
soniewliat protubsrant, without ociiLir tubercles. Antennae very short, abnost as
long as the widili of the body, 4-;ointed, i>rovided .with a few short setae; the ;^)r(l
'oiut nlniost as long as the bas.il two Joints taken together, with the sensorium very
small; the 4tli somewhat imbricated; the ^elat'ive length of joints about as follows:
TII-17, IV-'29 (13-j-lG). Rostrum' reaching the hind coxae. Abdomen witliout
lii cr.il tuberelis, provided with a pair of short bristles at the middle of the dorsum
and a similar hair on either side of each segment. Tubercle aliove the cauda very
sliort, wider tlian long, provided witli a pair of^long stout bristles. Cornicles very
short and stout, about 1.5 times as long as wide, not expanded at the base,
constricted at the apex, somewhat imbricated, almost as long as the spur of the last
antenual joint. (Jauda wider than long, rounded, provided with a pair of rather long
bristles. Legs stout; the front and middle tiliiae provided with a few short setae, hind
tibiae almost as stout as the cornicle, with some very long bristles; hind tarsi
almost as long as the 3rd antenual joint.
Length of body about 0.75 mm.

(The second instar) Antennae 5-jointcd, tlie relative length of joints about
as follows: nL20, IV 10, V-37 (14 + 23).

(The thiid inslar) Antennae 5-jointed, the relative length of joints about as
follows : IIL34, IV-13, V-45 ( 16 + 29 ).

(The fourth instar) Antennae 5 jointed, the relative length of joints about
as follows:

Wingless form : III-57, IV-16, V-53 (23 + 30).

Winged form: III-65, IV-20, V-57 (20+37).

Wing.pads preen. Eyes larg^, with small ocular tubercles. Cornicles eylind-
ri al, moderately dilated on the distal half. Tubercle above the cauda slender,
Cau''a wider than long, conical.

Some wingless and a few winged viviparous females were collected in .April
and :\ray, 1923, at Tailioku.

CavarieUa neocaprcae Takah. was collected by Mr. M. Xurisaki at Tadonu,
Wakayama-prefecture, Japauj in May. 1920,

42 R. Takalmslii

Aphis petasiticola "■ sp.
( PL IV, B, fig. 10)

^^'ing'l(^ss vivi[)arons female.

Blacliisb brown, not sliining. In a specimen treate<l witli eanstie potasli, some
blaekish patelios and spots are visible ou tbe dorsum.

Eyes and cornicles black. Antennae black, paler at tlic base of the 3rd 'oint.
Femora black, Mith the bases pale brownisli; tibiae pale brown, with black apices;
tarsi black. Canda blackisli brown.

Body stont. Head |>rovided with more tlian 10 long hairs on the dori-al
surface. Frontal tubercles almost lacking. Eyes not very large A\hen seen from
above. Ocelli present, as in tlie winged form, but mu(di smaller than those of tlic
winged viviparous female. Antennae long, more slender than the tibia, s miewhat
stout, imbricated, provided with many very long rather fine liairs; the 3rd joint with-
ont sensoria, the 5th with a sensorium of small size; tin relative length of joints as
follows: III-9.5, IV-65, V-57, VI-100 (30+70). Rostrum reaching the liind
coxae. Protliorax A^•ith a large blunt lateral tubei'cle. Abdomen reticulated on the
dorsum, the 1st and 7th segments ench provided with a l)lunt lateral tubercle, whicli
is almost as large as tliat ou the prothorax; a veiy small similar tubercle on eacli
of Ihe 2nd and 3rd s gments; with a few very long hairs on the dorsum and manv
similar hairs on the ventral surface. Cornicles long and slender, cylindrical,
scar(«ly or not curved, SomcMhat dilate 1 toward the base, usually not dilated at tlio
base, indirieated, not reticulated, almost as long as the 3rd antennal joint, nearly
twice as long as the canda. Cauda stout, more so than the cornicle, somewhat
constricted about the middle, almosi 1.5 times as long as the bafal part of the last
nntennal joint. Legs very long, stout, furnished Mith many very long fine hairs;
tibiae almost as stout as tlie cornicle at midlength; tarsi imbricated; hind tarsi almost
as long as the basal part of the last antenual joint.

Length of body-about 2.2 mm. Antenna about 1.75 mm.
Cornicle-about 0.45 mm.

It is a very remarkable fact that the wingless viviparous female, like the
Avingcd form, is provided with 3 ocelli which are small, but distinct. About 35
specimens that I have collected have these ocelli present. In some specimens the
3rd antennal joint is provided with about 5 very small circular sensoria scattered
almost throughout the -whole length, and the 4th with about 2 such sensoria.

Winged viviparous female.

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 43-

Head, eyes, antennae, mesothorax and cornicles black. Cauda blackish brown.
Abdomen dark l:)ro^\•nish, with some blackish bands and spots visible on the dorsum
iu specimens treated with caustic potash. Wings hyaline; stigma gray; veins grayish
brown. Legs mostly pale brownish. Head provided with about 10 long hairs.
Front.il tubercles almost as iu the wingless form. Ocelli larger tlian those of the
wingless form. Antennae long, ruther stout, inabricated, provided with some very
long fine hairs; the 3rd Joint provided with 25-30 circular sensoria of moderate to
small size scattered almost over tlie whole length; the 4tl> with about 9-12 similar
sensoria over the whule length not arranged iu a single row; tlie 5th witli 3 or 4
bcnsoria; the relative leugili of 'oitiis abt)ut as follows: 111-90, I\'-(io, V-55, VI-
ICO (30 + 70). Kostrum re.iehing beyond the middle e ixae. Tubercles on the pro-
limrax and the abdomen as iu the wiugle^s form. Al)domeu scarcely reticulated,
provided with a fw very long hairs ou the dorsum and many on llie vential surface,
(.'oruicles as in the wingless form, almost as long as the spur of the last antenn.il
joint and almost twice as long as the eauda. C.uula almost as iu the wingless forui
iu shape, a litile Iougi:r than tlie base of the last antv'unal Joint, provided with many
very long hairs.

Wings with normal veins; obli<iues ou the liiud wing parallel; Iiooklets 3 or 4.
Ijcgs very long, provided wiih uuuiy very long liairs; front tibiae almost as stout as
the 3rd autennal .oini; larsi iniliri(M("d; hind t irsi alniost as long as the base of the
last autennal Joint.

Length of body-about 2.2 mm. Antenna about 1.7 mm.
Cornicle aliout 0.3 nun. Fore wing about 3.4 mm.

llost.-rctasitcs tricholuhitn. Tlij lower sides of the leaves are attacked and the
iufesi:<i leaves are distinctly curlecb

Distrlbutiou.-Formosa : Taihoku.

^lany viviparous females were collected on February 25, 1923, by the author.

It is possible that the wingless form described above may prove to bo an intcr-
medi.itc.

Aphis malvoides v. d. Goof?

Aphididae of Formosa, 2, pji. 37 and 103 (1923).
Nymph of viviparous female.
Key to instars.

( 1 ) Auteuuac 4.Jointed. The 1st iustar.

Antennae 5-jointed The 2nd instar.

44 R- Takahashi

Antennae 6-jointed (2 )

( 2 ) The orcl antennal .'oint almost as long as the 4tJi. Tlu; 3r<l instar.

Tlic 3rd antenna! joint longer than the 4th The 4ih inslar.

(Firsi instar) Yellowish green. Eyes dark reddish brown. Antennae
pile yellowish, sometimes slightly dusky on the distal half. Cornicles pale yellow-
ish, sometimes slightly dusky on the apical part. Cai;da pale yellowish. Legs
pale yellowish, apices of tibiae, and t.trsi slightly dusky. ] lead very large, bro.id,
provided Mitli a pair of moderately long bristles on the anterior margin. Eyes
somewiiat protn!)erant, witliout oeidar tubercles. Antennae mucJi sliorter than the
body, 4-jointe(1, provided with a few short bail's; the 3rd joint scarcely iniViricated,
the 4th imbricated; tlie relative length of joints as follows: III 22, IV-35 (10+2o).
Rostrum stout, reacdiing slightly lieyond the hind ('oxae. I'r thorax and the 1st
and 7tli abdominal segments each jirovided with a very small blunt Literal tubercle,
ot which thns(! on tlie protliorax are slightly larger than tlu; others. Abdomen
provided with a few short hairs; segments not well defined. Cornicles very short,
somewhat imbricated, not dilated at the base, a little longer tlian wide, slightly
short(;r than the base of tlie 4th antennal joint. Cauda very short, almost semi-
circular when seen from above, wider than long, almost as long as the cornicle,
]u-ovidcd with a pair of moderately long lateral bristles.

'Legs stout, more so than the antenna; the front and middle pairs of tibiae pro-
vided witli some rather short hairs, tlie liiud tibiae with some very long liristles;
hind tarsi longer than the cornicle, slightly longer than tlie base of tlic Itli antennal
joint.

Lcngtli of body aliout O.l! mui. Antenna aluntl 0.:'. nun.

(Second instar) Dilfers from tiie 1st in th(! following cliaraetcrs:
Head somewhat dusky. Cornicles and eyes almost, black. Aut<'uuac o jointed,
the relative length of joints about as follows: 111-23, IV-13, V-40 (l.>4-27).
Kostrum reaching tlic middle coxae. Cornicles a little long'r than wid<' as in the 1st
instar, almost as long as tlie basal part of the last antennal joint. (_'auda longer,
provided with 5 bristles.

Lcnglh of body about 0.73 mm. Anteiiua about 0.4 mm.

(Third instar) Differs from the second instar about as fillows:
Cauda and anal plate dusky. Ocular tubercles visible. Antcun.ie 6 jointed,
tile ;U-d and 4th joints sometimes poorly detined, the relative huigth of joints as
follows: . 111-21, IY-19,.V-l%VI-55 (17+38). , Wiug-pads bagiuaing to appear,

Aphididae of Pormoea. — 3. 46

paid yellow ill colour. Coriiiulcs longer, cylindrical, not dilated at the base, almost
as long !is, or very sliglitly longer (Imn, llie li:isc of (lie last antcnnal joint as in the
second instar, aliout or slightly nion: (han, twice as long as wide. Cauda longer,
provided \\itli 7 liristles.

Length oflvjdy al)oat 1.1 mm. Antenna-about 0.7 mm.

(Fourth instar) "Wing pads nuK^i longer, blackish in colour. The relative
lengMi of antcnnal Joints as follows : 111-32, IV-25, V-25, VI-65 (20+45).
Cornicles longer, almost as long as the 4Ji antennal joint, aljout 2.5 times as long
as wide. Cauda longer, provided with 9 bristles.

licngth of body-about 1.2 mm. Antenna about 0.8 mm.

The above description was made from specimens on Bii/ri/.s pi/osd. Some,
viviparous females, loth winged and wingless, were observed on Emilia smivhi/v/id
on Novcml)er 9, 1922, neirTaihokn.

Aphis miscanthi Takah.

ApIadiJae of F.)rmosa, part 1, p. 55 (1921) and ibid., part 2, p. 108 (1923).
Winglcs.-! viviparous female.

Yellowish gray, dirty yellow or purplish. Head very small. Eyes very
small, not distinctly protuberant, with ocular tubercles. Frontal tubercles as in
.l/j/iis / mnJinsac Full. Antennie shorter than the body, slender, imbricated,
5 \)inted, almost destitute of Iiiirs; the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd; the 3rd
much mure slender than (he liliia, without sensoria; tiic 4t]i with a small circular
s.'usorium near the tip; tlu^ rclalive length of joints al)out as follows: III 6t>, fV
;;2, V 97 (20 + 77). liostrum stout, reiiehing the middle coxae. Body provided
witii a few very small lateral tubercles which are longer than wide. Ablonien
lurnished with some long fine hairs on the posterior part. Cornicles very sliorl,
siiorter than the cauda, almost as long as or slightly longer than the basal part of
the last antcnnal joint, almost twice as long as wide, slightly dilated toward the liase,
not expanded at the base, narrowest near tiie tip, imbricated, not reticulated. Cauila
stouter than the cornicle, constricted aV)oiit midlength, almost as long as or siiorter
than the 4th antennal joint, provided with many long bristles. Legs long, rather.
stout, furnished with many long fine hairs; hind tarsi almost as long as the basal part
of the last antennal joint.

Length of body-about 1.5 mm. Antenna-about 1.0 mm.

}lont.-3Iiscaiithu>i i^pp., Sacchuram officiHuruin.

Distribution.-Formosa. Japau.

45 K. Takaluiblii

Siiiiie wingless vlvipai'ous females ol' an .iplils colliM'teil on tlie leaves of
.Misninl/H!.s sji. ;it Tiikyo, on -lunc 14, 192:', seem lo liclong lo tliis speeiiis, althougli
tliey defter soniewlua from llie Formu an specimens. Tliis species is a synouyni of
A])liis saceliari Zciiiit.

Anui-aphis helichrysi (Kali.)

Apiiiditlac of Formosa 1, p. 59 (1921); Apliidiciae of Formosa 2, p. 112
(1923).

Full grown nympli of wing.-d viviparous female.

Head provided witli a few long li.xirs. Frontal tubercles alisent. Fyes willi
ocular tul^rcles. Antennae rather stout, witii a lew ralln'r .'diort liairs, (j-jointed; the
3rd joint very slightly or scarcely imbricated, almost as stout as the tibia; tiie 4tli
imbricated, siiorter than the Ijasal 2 joints taken together; tiie 5th Avitli an apical
scnsorium of medium size; the relative length of joints as follows: 111-39, IV-20,
V-18, YI-51(14-f 37). Rostrum almost i-eaehing tlie middle coxae. Thorax with
a few moderately long stout hairs. Abdomen witli a few moderately long liairs on
the Imsal part and some very long stout bristles whijh are sluu'ter tlian tlie cornicle
on the distal part. Tubercles absent. Cornicles almost as in tlie wingless adult,
stout, about 1.5 times as long as wide, expanded toward the bas ', not curved, not
imbricated, longer than tlie 4th anicnnal joint.

Cauda sJiort, wid('r th;in long, miudi wider tiiaii the cornicle, almost as long
as the base of the last aiitennal joint, somewhat broadly rounded, witli 3 pairs of
long bristles. Legs with some very long bristles; tibiae more slender than the
cornicle; tarsi imbricated; hind tarsi almost as long as the 4th antonnal joint.
Lengtli of body-aliout 1.4 mni. Antenna aliout 0.7 mm.

Describttl from specimens collected on Atjcrutntii <:(;ii.i/:MiJcx, wliicii is the
most favored host of this aphis. A few winged and wingless viviparous females
were collected on B/di/iis piloMi L. on December '-9, 1922, at Taihoku. Many
wingless vivijiarous females were collected on the upper surface of the leaves of
Aster indicus^ by the writer at Kyoto, Japan, on June 3, 1923,

Anuraphis artemisiae n- sp.
(l'l.IV,B,figs. 5-9)
Ctronipha i>pL'fic8, Takahashi, Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 42 (192.">).

Wingless viviparous female.
Green, slightly yellowish. Eyes almost black. Antennae, cornicle ■ ami c.uida
greeu. Legs pale green, tarsi slightly dusky.

ApliiilMae or Formosa. — 3. 47

I)(i(ly aliiiost as in Annr(qilus helichnjsi (Kalt.) in general appearance, but
mneh smaller, without hairs. Plead rather small, witliout liairs.

I'^rontal tuli'rcles very sliort to virtually lacking, but tlie iuner side iuu<'Ii
Inng'r thiiu tlie outi'r, aud vvvy slightly convex. Antennae short, very slender,
more .slender than the tibia, imbricated, 5 or 6-joiutcd, almost witliout iiairs; the
1st joint much larger tlian the 2nd; the 3rd without sens.jria; sensorium rather
small; the relative length of joints as follows: III-40, IV-20, V-25, VI-48
(15 + 33). Eyes n t largf, witli ocular tubercles. Rostrum reaching beyond tlie
middle coxae. Body wi;]iout dors;il and lateral tubercles. Cornicles subcylindrical,
rather stoui, s'.ighJy curved, sliglitly expanded toward the liase, sometimes very
slightly dilated on the distal iialf, very slightly or scarcely imbricated, not reticu-
lated, almost 1.8 times as long as the cauda, more than thrice as long as wide at the
liase, a little longer than tlie 3rd and 4th antennal joints taken togeth-r. Cauda
large and very stout, stouter than the cornicle, broadest at tiie luse, gradually taper-
ing, with the apex rounded, almost 1.5 times as long as wide, almost as long as the
3rd antennal j( int, almost twice as long as the hind tarsi, j^rovided with 3 pairs of
long lateral bri^tles. Tjcgs ])rovided with some moderately, long setae; femora as
stout as tiie eornicl ; tarsi imbricated; hind tarsi almost as long as tlie 4tli antennal
joint.

Length of body-about 1.3 mm. Antenna about 0.5 mm.

Brownish individuals were found in February, 1923.
AVinged viviparous female.

Head, eyes, antennae aud mesothorax black. Prothorax yellowish brown,
dusky on the notum. Abdomen yellowisli brown, dusky on the dorsnm. Legs
pale brown, apical halves of femora, apices of tibiae, and tarsi blackish. Cornicles
dusl.y. Cauda dark lirownisli. A\'ings hyaline, stigma aud veins almost grayish
brown.

Eody oblong. Head provided with a few minute hairs. Frontal tubercles
almost lacking. Eyes very large. Antennae slender, imbricated, 6-jointed, provided
with a few minute hairs; the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd, the 3rd provided
over the whole length with 12-18 large, circular or subcircular sensoria not arranged
in a single row; the 4th with about 4-7 similar sensoria in a row; the 5th with the
apical sensorium rather large; the relative length of joints as follows: III-75, IV-
50, Y-40, VI-82 (22 + 60). Ro.strum almost reaching the middle coxae. Abdomen
provided with a few hairs. Cornicles much smaller than those of the wingless

48 R- Takali.islii

form, siilx^ylindrical, slightly oxjiaiulod iit llic l.asu ami on (lir clis( il 'poi-tion, not
curved, not stout, imbricated, uot reticiil. tod, almost us long as tiic 4lli antcniial
joint, almost twice as long as the caud:i and not rciiching the b.ise of the caudii.

Cauda much smaller than that of the wingless form, broadest at the base,
tapering, almost as long as wide, without constrictions, stouter than the carniclc, the
distal portion provided with 3 pairs of lateral bristles. Wings long; veins normil;
obliques on the hind wing parallel; booklets 3. Legs very long and slender; tibial;
almost as stout as the 3rd antinntil joint, slightly more slender ;h:iu the corni<'le,
provided with many moderate or rather long sclae; tarsi imbricated, hind tarsi
almoj^ as long as the eauda.

Lel%th of body about 1.4 mm. Antenna about 1.3 mm.
Fore^^ving about 2.5 mm.

Hcist.-Aiiciii/sia rai/iNari.i. attacking tlie lower and upper surface of the leaf
and the stalk.

Distribution.-Formosa: Taihoku.

This aphis is not a typical Anuntph!s and possibly belongs to Apliidella
Theobald (Ent. Mth. Mag., 1923, p. 105).

In 1922, I observed two or three colonies of this species continuously from
January to May, during which period many wingless viviparous females were
produced, but the winged forms were extremely rare, only two individuals being
C3llect(d on March 15. But in 1923, the winged viviparous f 'males were numerous
in February at Taihoku.

Hyalopterus chenopodii (?chr,ink)
(PI. VI, B, figs. 1-8)

Aphis chenopodii, Sehrank, Fauna Boica, II, p. 109 (ISOl,; Kakenbach,
Die Pilanzenl. p. 107 (1843).

Brevicoryne chenopodii, Das, Memoirs Indian Mus., VI, 4, p. 183 (1918).
Wingless viviparous female.

Green. Head brownish. Eyes almost black. Cornicles and eauda green.
Legs greenish, tarsi dusky. Abdomen without markings. Body oblong, sliglitly
covered with powder. Head rather small, provided with a few short hairs. Fro-
ntal tubercles lacking. Eyes rather small, with distinct ocular tubercles. Antennae
very short, imbricated, much more slender thiu the front tibia, jtrovidcd with a few
short hairs; the 3rd joint without sjusarii, the 5;h slightly sliorter than thi basal
two joints taken together, with the sensorinm rather small; the relative length of

ApliiJidup nf Formosa.— 3, 49

;oin(« us follows: III 42, IV-1^, V-18, VI-54 (17 + 37). Rostrum micliiiifi; tlic
middlt' coxae. ProthoiMx witJi a very small lateral tiilx'rele. AliJomcu provirlcd
with a fi'W r:itlicr short bristl'S arr.ingcd in n transverse row on the dors-nni of the
setrment. Cornieles very short, somewhat swollen alraut the middle, slightly or not
dilated at the la'-'e, slightly more than twice as long as wide, not imbricated, not
curved, almost as long as the hind tarsi, a little longer than the 5th antennal
joint. Cauda stouter and longer than the cornicle, broadest at the base,
gradually tapering, with the apex rounded, without distinct constrictions, about \.?>
times as long as the corn iel'^, shorter than the spur of the last antennal joint, provid
ed wiih ■) or (J i)ii'-t!(s. Ijcgs provided with some rather long liristles; hind
tibiae almost as stout as the cornicle; tarsi rather slender, imbricated.

Length of body about 1.8 mm. Antenna-about 0.75 mm.

Winged viviparous female.
Antennae slender, inibricatod, witli a few very short hairs; the 3rd 'oint
provided with from 10-1 2 large to small subcircular sensoria arranged in a row
over the whole length, th'i 4t!i without S'nsoria, the 5tli with the sensoriiim of
moderate size; tlje relative length of jo'nts about as follows: III-74, IV-24, V-27,
\'[-90 (20 + 70). Fore wings with th(^ 3rd obli(jne twice forked; hind wings with
oidy one oblique in the two specimens in my collection; ho iklets 2.

Cornicles almost as in the wingless firm, but shorter, almost twice as long as
wide, nearly as long as the base of the last antennal joint. Cauda about 1.6 times
as long as the cornicle. Legs long and slender, provided with many modeiate to
rather long bristles; hind tarsi as long as the caudi.

Length of body-about 1.5 mm. Ant"nna about l.l mm.

Fore wing-about 2.2 . mm.

Full grown nymph of winged viviparous female.
Eyes large, with distinct ocular tubercles. Antennae stout, 6 -jointed, pro-
vided with a few short hairs; the 3rd joint slightly imbricated on the diatnl half,
the 4th almost as long as the 2nd, imbricated, the 5th with the sensorium small, the
relative length of joints as follows: III-43, IV-10, V-15, VI-52 (15+37).
CV)rnicle< almost as in the adult of winged female, twice as long as the "ith antennal
joint. Cauda short and stout, broadly conical, with the apex rounded, almost as long
as wide, almost as long as the cornicle, much shorter than tlie hind tarsi, much
stouter than the cornicle, ]irovided with 3 pairs of bristles. Legs stout; hind tibiie
ahuost as stout as the cornicle, provided witli some moderate to very long bristles.

fiO R- Tak.ilmsl.i

Tjcngth of liofly-alouf, 1.5 mm. Antenna -about 0.7 mm.

Wingfd male.
Antennae imlirientod, jvi-ovided witli a few sliort li.airs; the '^v<\ joint provided
with ahont IS very largn and small snljcircular sensiria scattered over tlie whole
length, the 4th with 4-G rather small cirenlar sen.soria not arranged in a single row,
the 5th with 5-10 simjlar sem'oria, the Oth with about 2 on the basal part; the rela-
tive length of joints abont as follows: 111-70, IV-30, V-33, VI-90 (21+70).
Hind wings with only one oblique in tlie only specimen in my collection; booklets 2.
Cornicles smaller than those of the fcjnale, ne.nrly twice as long as wide, much short-
er than the base of the last anteunal joint, (^auda shorter and stouter ihui that
of the female. Legs slender, provided with some rather long brisiles; hind tarsi
slightly shorter than the 4th antenna! joint.

Length of body-about 1.25 mm. Antcnna-abont 1.2 mm.
Fore wing about 1.7 mm.

nost.-CJieuopodium fdhum, attacking the njiper side of the leaf.
Distribution.-Formosa : Taihoku.

India (Das); North America.
Hitherto unrecorded from Formosa.

Some wingless and two winged viviparous females and their nymphs and a
winged male were collected on March 26, 192:^, near Taihoku, by the author. No
oviparous females were discovered.

The Formosan specimens differ somewhat from the description of Das.

Brachycolus heraclei Takah.

Aphididae of Formosa-!, p. 60 (1921); Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 112 (192:^).

Nymph.

(The first instar). Green. Head slightly dusky. Eyes black. Antennae
and legs dusky. Cauda green. Cornicles slightly du.sky. Body oblong, a little
more than twice as long as wide, covered with a very slight powder, almost without
hairs. Head provided with a few minute setae. Frontal tuLei-des lacking. Eyes
.slightly protuberant, with the ocular tubercles very small. Antennae very short,
much shorter than tlie body, almost as long as the hind tibia and tarsi taken
together, 4 or 5-jointed, provided with a few very small hairs; the 1st joint much
larger than the second; the 3rd slightly imbricated, the sensorium small; the 4th
imbricated; the relative length of joints as follows: ITI-20, IV-20 (8+12).
Eostrum almost reaching the bind coxae. Body without lateral tubercles Ab-

Apbididae of Formosa. — 3. 51

domeu provided with a ffw minute setae. Cornicles very short, wider tlian long,
somewhat expanded toward the base, not imbricated.

Cauda very short, much wider tlian long, broadly rounded, with a pair of
long bristles.

Legs rather stout; tiijiac stouter than the antenna, provided with a few modc-
nitely long to ratiier short setae; hind tibiae with some very long bristles; tarsi
scarcely imbricated, hind tarsi" almost as long as the 3rd anlcnnd joint,
liengtli of liody-about 0.75 mm.

(Fnll-grown nymph of winged viviparous fomalc). Green. Head somewhat
dnsky. Eyes blaciv. Antcnna(^ p.i,lc brownish, blackish on the distal part. Thorax
yellowish green. Wing pads dusky. Cornicles dusky green. Cauda green. L'gs
;ihnost j)ale Iirown, apices of tibiae, and tarsi dusky. Head somewhat protruding at
the middle of the front, provided witli a few rather long liairs. Frontnl tubercles
aliscut. Eyes witli small ocular tiilicrcles. Antennae stout, 6-jointed, witli a few
moderately long to short hairs; the or.) joint slightly imbricated, stouter than the
tibia; the 4th imbricated, shorter than the tas.il two joints taken together; the 5th
witii a rather small apical sensorinm; the relative length of joints as follows: III-
52, IV-20, V-16, VI-08 (16+42). Rostrum reaching almost the middle coxae.
Prothor.ix witli a small blunt tubercle on either side near the hind margin; abdomen
wiiliiuit tubercles. '1 lionix and abdomen ])rovided with a ihw rather sliort hairs.
CVirnicles very sliort, somewhiu longer tlian wide, somewhat curved, scarcely imbri
cated, not constricted, very slightly or not cxi>anded toward tiie base. Cauda when
seen from aljove almost tri.uignl ir, with the apex rounded, wider than long, almost
as long as the 4:h antennal joint, with 4 piirs of long bristles. Legs furnished with
many long bristles; hind tarti much longer than the 4th antennal j(jint.
Length of body-about L2 mm. Antenna-about 0.75 mm.

The cornicles of tiie young nymph are wider th-Mi long, not curved and some-
wliit expanded toward tlie base.

The above description was made from specimens on Heracleutii sp. A few
wingless viviparous females were found on the curled leaves of Daucm carotu
( Umbelliferae ) on February 20, 192^, near Taihoku. Many viviparous females,
botli winged and apterous, and a few winged males were collected on Coriandrum
intinn,! on December 23, 1 23, at Taihoku, but no oviparous females were dis-
covered at this time/

53 K. Tal<a)i;islu

Brachysiphoiiiella gramini Takali.
(PI. IV, A, figs. 2-5)
Apliidiilae of Formo.sa, part 1, p. G2 (1921) ami p.irt 2, pp. 43 autl 113 (1923).

Winged viviparous tomale.
Head, eyes, auteniuir', thorax, coriiiclcR asid cauda black. Alidoiin'ii lilack-,
sligliUy grotuiish. AViugs liyaliiio; stigma gray; veins dusky. FmiKira mostly
Ijlack, paler at the bases; tibiae mostly brownisli, ■\vitii blaek aplecs; tarsi blaek.
B'^dy stout, covered (juite slightly with a powder. Head with about 8 moderately
long bristles on the dors.il surface. Eyes very large, but not markedly jirotulwrant,
with very small ocular tubercles. Frontal tubercles almost lacking. Antennae
rather stout, almost without hairs; the 3rd 'o'nit provided with about 2-3-30 protu-
berant, rather large, circular sens'jria scattered over the whol'; length; tlic 4t]i willi
aliout 22 similar sonsoria; the oth somewhat imbricated, with about G-13 sensoria;
the <)th imiiricated; the relative length of _'oin(s about as follows: llJ-49, IV -39,
V-C9, VI-73 (25+48;. Eostrum stout, not reaching the middle coxae. Abdounu
without tubercles, provided with a few bristles on the dorsum, and with many
short bristles on the ventral surface of each segment. Wings with the veins nor-
mal; hind wings with 2 slightly divergent obliques; booklets 2 or 3. Cornicles
almost as in the wingless form. Cauda long, more slender than that of tlic wingless
I'oriu, much longer I,' an tlic coniick-, longer than (he basal part of the last anlciuia!
joini, aboul 1 .-"j (imcs as long as (he hind taisi, with 2 or •> [)airs of ra'hcr short
lateral bristles. Ij(^gs provided witli many nioilci-atcly long setae; hind tarsi almost
as long as the l);sal part of (lie las( an(ennal joint.

Length of l)ody-aljout 1.4 mm. Antenna about 1.05 mm.
Fore wing -about 2.2 mm.

Tlic specimens here described dilicr from those previously described in j)osse-
sslng more sensoria on the antennae.

Full-grown nymph of winged viviparous lemale.
Head furnished with a few rather short bristles. Eyes large, not protuberant,
with small ocular tubercles. Antennae rather stout, with a few short hairs; the 4(h
joint very slightly imbricated; the 5th more sb'udcr (ban tbc4t]i, somewhat inda-icated,
with a very small apical sensorium; the relative length of joints as follows: lTI-44,
IV-34, V-38, VI-70 (23+47). Rostrum very stout, not reaching the middle coxae.
Wing-]i.ids blaek. Abdomen with some bristles on trhe ventral surface. Cornicles
almost as long as wide, slightly tapering. Cauda somewhat triangular when seen

Aphidiiiae of Formo.^a.— 3. gS

i'roin ulwvc, with the lipcx rounded, as long as wide, almost as long as tluj Uise of the
last anteunal ,'oint, somewhat longer than the iiind tarsi, f-lightly more tiian twice as
long as tlie cornicle, with some moderately long bristles. I^cgs stout; tibiae as stout
as tlie ord antennal 'oint, provided with a feM' moderately long setae and some long
bristles.

Length of body aLo lit l."2 mm. Antonn;i alwut 1.0 mm.

Host- Lecrsia hexnndra. attacking tlie upper surface of the blade.

Uistribiitiiin.-Forniosa: Taihoku, Tainan.
Japan : Tokyo.

Described from specimens collected on January 18, 1923, at Tailiuku.
Cryptosiphum artemisiae Buckt.

Aphididae of Formosa-'?, ]ip. 40 and 112 (1923).

syn. Pscu(lo/achii/is i/o//i(}'ji. Shin'i, Dobutsugaku-Zasshi, xxxiv, no. 406, p.
7;J0 (l!i22).

Wingless viviparous female.

Dark pur[)lis]i, somewhat covered with powder. Body very wide. Head
small, with a few sjiort hairs. Frontal tubercles lacking. Eyes small, composed of
less tliau 40 fiicets, the ocular tubercles not distinctly protruding. Antennae short,
imlirica'cd, more slender than tlie tibia, provided with a few sliort setae; the 1st
joint somcwJia', shorter thin the 2iid; the ;)rd without seusoria; the 4th almost as
long as the 2u(l, the 5th Somewhat narrowed toward tlic base, with an aiiical senso-
lium ol nicdiiun size; tiie relative lengtli of joints as follows: 111-34, lV-13, \-lb,
\'l o7 (IS-f-Hl). Rostrum reaching tlie middle coxae. Body lacking tub'icles.
Alidoiiun with a few rather sliort hairs arranged in a single row on the s'giiu'iit;
those on tJu' distal segiinuits much longer. Cornicles very short, almost lik ; pores,
(.'audii sliort, much shorter tlian wide, broadly rounded, with 4 bristles. Ij(gs
rather short, slender; tibiae provided with some moderately long setae; tarsi some-
\\ hat imbricated; hind tarsi shorter than the 3rd antennal joint.
Length of body-about 1.4 mm. Antenna-about 0.55 mm.

Winged viviparous female.

Head provided with about 8 very short hairs ou the dorsal surface. Frontal
tuliercles lacking. Eyes not very large, with ocular tubercles. Anterior ocellus
protulieraut. Antennae slender, as stout as or more slender than the front tibia,
iniliricated, with a few short hairs; the 2iid joint longer than the 1st; the 3r(.l
provided with 7-12 large or small circular to subcircular seusoria mostly on the

54 K. Takahashi

distal half not arranged in a single row; the 4tli witlioiit sensoria; tlie 5th somewhat
narrowed tow.ird the \>xse, witii tlie apical sensorinm large; the relative length of
joints about as follows : III -55, lV-23, V-20, VI- 48 (21 +27). Rostrum readiing
tjic middle coxae. Body without tubercles. Al)domen furnished with a few rather
short bristles. Cornicles very short, much wider tlian long. Cauda almost semicir-
culir wlien seen from above, much wider than long, broadly rounded, sliorter tlian
the hiud tarsi, with 4 rather long bristles. Wings somewhat clouded along tlie
veins; veins normiil; hiud wings with 2 almost purallel oblii[ues; booklets 2 or :>. Ix'gs
slender; tibiae provided witli many mudei'ately long setae; tarsi iiiibri' ated; Iiind tarsi
almost as long as the 4th anteunal joint.

Length of body-about 1.0 mm. Auteuui about O.S mm.

Eore wing-about 1.<S mm.

Full-grown nymph of wiug(!d vivi[)arous female.
Head straiglit on the front, witli 8 short hairs on tlie dorsil surface. Frontal
tiilureles lacking. Eyes not large, with the ocular tubercles indistinct. Anteunao
(5-jointed, with a few short hairs; the 1st joint somewliat shorter tlian the 2nd; the
3rd scarcely imbricated, almost as stout as or slightly more slender than the tibia,
Incking sjnsoria; the 4t]i imbricated, somewhat expanded toward thi! apex, shorter
llian the l)asal two joints taken togetlier; tlie 5(h exiandcd toward (he apex, witii
an apical sensuritim of medium size; (lie relative length of joints as follows: 111 34,
JV-14, V-14, VI-3G (lo-f-*Jl). RosLrum reaching the middle coxae. Body without
lateral tubercles. Abdomen .witii a few short se'.ae arranged in a single row on (he
dorsum of the segments. Cornicles very short, eacli slightly more than a pore.
Cauda much wider than long, broadly rounded, with 4 bristles. Legs moderately
loug; tibiae provided with some moderately long setae; liiml tibiae much sliorter
than (he antaniui; tarsi slightly imbricated; hiud (arsi almost as long as tlie spur of
the last antennal joint, longer than tlie cauda.

Length of body-about 1.1 mm. Antenna about 0.55 nun.

Described from specimens collected in the galls on Artemisia capilhris on
January 23, 1923, at Taihoku.

The winged viviparous females collected on Artemisia vuhjaris var. indica
on June 26, 192), near Taihoku and on November 10, 1922, at Shiuchikn,
Formosa, differ from those on Aiiemisia capillaris in having more seusoria on the
3rd and from 1-3 sensoria on tlie 4th aut(mnal joint.

Many winged and wingless-, vivip.iroua females were coUejtea at YamasJiina,

A)iliiilMap (if Fm-mnKa.— 3. 55

noar Kyoto, Jixjian, on June 3, 1923, by tlio author.

Greenidea teniiicorpus (Okaj.)
Tricliofi'qihnm tcui(icori,us. Ola'inui, Bull. Coll. Agr., Imp. Univ. Tokyo,
VIIT, l,p. 4 (1908).

Host in Yoymofn.-C'c.'iaiiopfi'y nxlaonn/'niifri. .".ttacking the lower side of the
young leaf.

Distribution. Formosa: Eotan ; nd Kusukusu in Koshun.

Japan: Tokyo, Olta-prefecture.
Hitherto unrecoided from Fornio-a.

Many viviparous females, loth winged and wingless, were eolleeted by the
author in Kosliim, Formosa, on November 25, 1923. These Formosan specimens
agree exactly with those from Japan.

Greenidea formosana (^faki).
(PI. Ill, U, tigs. 1-5)
Trichoffijihmii fvniio^anum, Maki, Collection of Essays for Nawa, ji. 13 (1917).
Greenidea /(•nnonawi, Takahashi, Apbididae of Formosa, pt. 1, p. 65 (1921)
and pt. 2, p. 115 (192:!).

Nymph of viviparous female.
Key to instars.
( 1 ) Antennae 5-joInted; cornicles conical, without hairs; the 7th and 8th abdo-
minal si'graents each provided with 2 distinct tubercles The 1st instar,

Antennae 5 or 6-Jointed; cornicles provided M'ith many long bristles; the 7th

and 8th abdominal segments without tubercles (2)

( 2 ) Cornicles al)Out 4 times as long as wide The 2nd instar.

Cornicles about 5 times as long as wide in the wingless form; wing-pads

beginning to aj)pear in tlie winged form The 3rd instar.

Cornicles about 6 times as long as wide in the wingless form, but longer and

slender, witli well develoi>ed wing-pads in the winged form

The 4th instar.

(The first instar) Head pale yellowish. Eyes dark brown. Antennae pale
yellowisli, the last joint very slightly dusky. Tliorax pale yellowish, very slightly
dusky on the dorsum, except on the middle, of the meso and metathorax:. Abdomen
reddish yellow, with a pair of large blick patcjies, the mesal edges of which are
often united, on the middle of the dorsum. Cornicles blackish, Cauda pale yellow,
Legs pale yellowish, dusky on the tarsi,

Body oblong, providiul wltli mauy very long stout In-istlcs ^liicli arr not
capitate. Head fused with the pronotum, provi<!('(l \vith al)out 20 xory long bristles
uhicli are almost as long as the 1st antcnnal 'oint. Fionlal tuborules lacking.
Eyes somewhat protuberant; ocular tubercles ])reseu% but not protuberant. Anten-
nae rather stout, imbricated, 5-"ointed; the ord .'oint almost as stout as, or slightly
more slender than, the front tibia, without liaivs; tlie 4th almost as long as the 2
Iwsal Joints taken together, furnisiicd witli about 2 very long bristles, the sonsorinni
subcircidar, rather small; tlio 5th provided witli 2 very long stout liristh^s; the
relative length of joints about as folloMs: 111-32, IV-24, V-95 (25+70).
Rostrum long and slender, reaching far beyond tlic Jiind coxae. Each of the Uisal 6
abdominal segments furnished with 6 very long stout bristles arranged in a trans-
verse row on the doi'sum. Some bristles on the abdomen with a few very short
branchlets on the apical portion. Cornicles very peculiar in shape, very short,
stout, tuberculate, almost t^ice as long as wide, distinctly tapering on the distal half,
with the apex pointed though not sharply so, not dilated at the base nor swolhm,
not imbricated nor reticulated, without hairs; almost as long as the bristle on tlio
abdomen, slightly longer tlian tlie hind tarsi, very slightly longer than the 4th
autennal joint, about 2.5 times as long as the tubercle on the 7th abdominal
segment.

The 7th abdominal segment on the side provided with a distin<'t tubercle,
wir.ch !s much smaller than the cornicle, almost twice as long as wide, and provided
with a very long bristle arising from the apex; the 8th provided with a jtair of simi-
1 ir, 1 ut more slender tubercles on the middle of the dorsum. Caudal segment wider
il.nn long, mucli wider than the cornicle, very slightly protuberant at tiie middle of
the hind margin, with a pair of rather long bristles. Anal plate moderately
sinuated. Legs stout, furnished with many very long stout bristles; femora stouter
than the cornicle; tarsi imbricated; hind tarsi almost as long as the base of the last
antennal joint.

Length of body-about 1.0 mm. Antenna about 0.8 mm.

(The second instar) Head i>ale yellowish. Eyes dark brown. Antennae
pale yellowish, the last jont somewhat dusky. Thorax pale yellowisli, the dorsiun
slightly dusky, except at the middle of the meso and metathoraces. Abdomen
reddish brown, with a large black patch on the middle of the d> rsum. Cornicles
dusky, darker at the apex, Cauda pale yellow. Legs pale brownish, dusky on tlje
apices of tibiae, and tarsi.

Apliidlilae nf Formosa. — 3. 57

Morphological characters: Differs from the first instar in tlio following
cliaractcrs:

Eyes more protuberjint, v^ith the ocular tnbercles likewise protuberant.
Antennae 6 jointed; the 3rcl joint sometimes fused with the 4th, provided with
some long bristles; the 4th and 5th with more bristles; the relative length ot joints
as follows: III-35, IV-23, V 34, V-125 (33 + 92). Thorax and abdomen furnislicd
witli more bristles. Cornicles stout, larger, somewhat swollen near midlength,
almost as stout as the hind femur, not dilated at the base, about 4 times as long as
wide, somewhat longer than the 3rd and 4th antennal joints taken togetlier,
provided with many very long stout bristles, the apical portion provided witli
numerous minute spinules. Abdominal segments without tubercles. Caudal seg-
ment a little protruding at the middle of the hind margin, with 6 very long bristles.
Anal plate less sinuated. Hind tarsi shorter than the base of the last antennal joint.
Length of body-about 1.25 mm. Antenna-about 1.25 mm.

(The third instar) Head and pronotum dusky. Eyes dark red. Antennae
pale yellowish, the last joint somewhat dusky. Meso-and metathoraces pale yello-
wish, dusky on the notum except at the middle. Abdomen reddish brown, with a
large blackish patch on the middle, a large dark brown patch on the dorsum near
tlio end, 4 rather large pale dusky patches on the side, and many small dusky spots
on the dorsal surface, from whicli bristles ariso. Cornicles blackish brown, darker
at tlie base and the apex. Legs yellowish brown, darker at tlie apices of tibiae;
tarsi black. Cauda pale brown. Morphological characters: differs from tlie second
in the fiiUowing characters:

Body proi'ided with more bristles each arising from a small dusky spot.
Antennae 6-jointed; the relative length of joints as follows: III-50, IV-30, V-40,
VI-140 (40+100). Cornicles almost as in the second instar, but longer, almost 5
times as long as wide, almost as long as the 3rd and 4th antennal joints taken
together. Anal plate rather slightly sinuated.

Length of body-about 1.4 mm. Antenna-about 1.5 mm.

(The fourth instar)

(Wingless form) Colour almost as in the third instar. Abdomen with the
middle part dark greenish.

Antennae long r; the relative length of joints about as follows: IH-GS, IV-37, V-
50, YI-160 (45 + 115). Cornicles longer, about 6 times as long as wide. Caudal
segment with more Iiristles.

length of bocly-aJ)out 1.7 mm. Aiileijna-about 1,7 mm,
Differs from the wingless .idiilt in tlio following characters:
Colour not dark bj-owij. A-iitennae shorter. Cornicles sliortcr. Caudal
flognient witli a shorter procc^ss.

(Winged form) Head and pronotum black. Eyes dark brown. Antennae
aloiLOSt black, somewhat brownisji on the 3rd joint. Mesothorax pale greenish or
yellowish, with black wing pads. Al)domen pale brownish or purplish, dusky or
dark greenish on t\m middle, with 4 rather large dusky patches on the sides, many
small dusky spots on the diorsurn and a dusky patch present on the dorsum near the
end. Cornicles yellowish l)ro\\n, blackish on the base and the apex. Cauda pale
yellowisii. Legs yellowish bro\\n, blackiali on tlic apiccf? of tibiae, and tarsi.

Body oblong, provided with many very lopg stout hairs arising from very
sniaU dusky sjwts. Head aiid proaotum fused together. Frontal tubercles almost
lacking. Eyes protulxsraut, witji the ocular tubercles prominent. Antennae rather
stout, inibricated, with many very Jong stout bristles; seasorium of moderate size;
tlie relative lengtli of joints alxiut as follows: III-90, IV-48, Y-60, VI-175 (50+
125). Ivastrum slender, reaching far bjyond tlie hind coxae. Mesothorax well
developed. AVing-pads rather short. Some bristles on the abdomen slightly bran-
ched at t!ie apex. Spiracles somewJiat protnl)erant, Cjrniclfs very long and
slender, very sliglitly curved, very sliglitly tajwriug on the distal portion, not dila-
tfid nor swollen, reticulated, provided with many very long bristles which arc
longer than tlioso on the abdomen, the apical part with numerous minute hairs,
almost as long as the last antennal joint. Caudal segment wider than long, mucii
wider than the cornicle, witli a distinct process, provided with some very long stout
bristles, Anal plate scarcely siuuated. Legs long and slender, provided with many
vory long bristles; femora almost as btojit as the cornicle; tibiae more slender tlian
the 3rd anteniial joint; tarsi imbricated; iiind tarsi a little longer than the caudal
segment, but much shorter tlian the base of the last ant«nnal joint.
Lcngtli of body-about 1.8 mm. Antenna-about 2,0 mm.
Cornicle-about 0.8 mm.

Described from specimens collected on February 28, 1923, at Tailioku. Some
viviparous females were observed in November, 1923, at Kuraru and Garainbi,
ICosluni, Formosa.

Myzocallis pseudoalni Takali.
Aphididae of Formosa-!, p. 71 (1921); Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 121(1923).

Apliidiilue of Formojii. — 3. 59

Nyinpli.

Key to the instars.

( 1 ) Antennae 4-jointeJ The 1st in'staf.

Antennae 5-jomted The 2n(l inster.

Antennae G-jointed ..v........... (2)

( 2 ) Wing-pads not well developed .-..■..The 3rd instar.

Wing pads well developed .....................................The 4th instar.

(The first instar) Pale yellowish green. Eyes red. Antennae pale ycUoAv,

with the apex of the ;5rd joint and the 4th very slightly dusky. Ixigs pale yellow;
tarsi slightly dusky. Cornielts and eaiHja yellowish. Hairs blackish brown. Body
oblong, broadest at tlie midlength of the abdomen, nearly twice, or slightly more
tfiau twice,, as long as wide, about 1 .5 times as Icng as the antenna, provided with
many very long stout hairs arising from very small tubercles on the di)rsnm; these
hairs almost as long as, or slightly longer than, the 1st antenual .joint, scarcely or
very slightly capitate. Head large, provided with 3 pairs of long hairs between the
antennae and 4 similar hairs arranged in a transverse row between the eyes. Eyes
somewhat protuberant, without ocular tubercles. Frontal tubercles quite short.
Antennae 4 jointed; the 1st joint larger than the 2nd,- provided with a long haiT;'the
2nd lik<;wise provided witli a long hair; the 3rd more slender than the front tibia,
provided with many minute spinules, ami a long bristle near the apex, tlie sensoriura
rather small; the 4th longer than the basal two joints taken together, provided witJi
minute spinulcs, a moderately long bristle below the sensoriuni, and a few similar
ones at the tip; the relative length of joints as follows: III-43, IV-30 (15-f-15).
Rostrum reaching tJic middle coxae. Prothorax provided with a pair of somewhat
shorter hairs on the middle of the dorsum, behind which arie 4 long hairs arranged
in a transverse row.

Each mcso-and mctathoraeic segment and the first seven abdominal segments
provided with 4 long hairs arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum; of these
hairs the middle two on the 1st and 4th abdominal segments arc often shorter; the
8th abdominal segment with a pair of longer hairs on the dorsum. Alxlomeu
without finger-like tul)ercles. Cornicles very short, much wider than long.

Cauda much wider than long, broadly rounded, not constricted at the base,
almost semicircular wlien seen from above, without hairs. Anal plate not bilobed,
Mith a pair of long bristles.

Legs stout, provided with some moderate to rather long bristles; hind tibiae

60 , K- Takaliashi

somewhat longer tlmn tlie 3ril anteiiual joint, with some very loug bristles; hind
tarsi almost as loug as eitlicr the base of the last autennal joint or tiic hairs on tiie
8th abdominal segment.

Length of body-about 0.65 mm.

(The second instar) Colour almost as in the first instar; apices of antennal
joints dusky. Body provided with many very loug stout hairs, wliich are scarcely
or slightly capitate, arising from very gmall tubercles on the dorsum. Head
provided with 10 very long hairs which are much longer than the 1st antennal
joint and distributed as in the first instar. Eyes without ocular tubercles. Frontal
tubercles as in the 1st instar. Antennae 5-jointed; each of the 1st and 2nd joints
provided with a long scarcely capitate liair which is almost as long as the 1st joint
itself; the 3rd almost as long as, but more slender tlian, the front tibia, provided
with a few minute spinules on the distal portion, 2 moderately long or short
slightly knobled hairs, and about 3 short bristles; the 4tli provided with many
minute spinules, and a moderately long stout hair at about midlength, the seuso-
rium of medium size; the 5th provided with a moderately long hair below the senso-
rium and a few rather short lu-istles at the tip; the relative length of joints as
follows: III-49, IV-27, V-40 (20+20). Rostrum almost reaching the middle
coxae. Prothorax having the dorsum provided with 6 long hairs distributed as in
the 1st instar. Mesonotum provided witli 6 hairs distributed almost as on the
pronotum, the front p.iir somewhat shorter. Metanotum and each of the first 3
abdominal segments provided with 4 long hairs on the middle of tlie dorsum and 2
similar ones near cacli side, these hairs being arranged in a transverse row; the 4th
abdominal segment with about 10 long hairs; the 5th with 6, the 6th with 4, the
7th with 4-6, and the 8tli with 4 long hairs.

Cornicles wider tliau long, somewhat constricted about midlength, scarcely
expanded at the base. Cauda longer than that of the 1st instar. Legs almost as in
the 1st instar.

Length of body-about 0.9 mm. Antenna-about 0.65 mm.

The second instar differs from the first in the following cliaracters:

Antennae 5-jointed, The 3rd antenual joint provided with 2 somewhat knob-
bed hairs. Meso-and metanotum and abdomen provided with more hairs.

(The third inttar) Colour almost as in the younger nymph, sometimes green
in its general colour, Eody provided with many very long stout hairs which are
scarcely or very slightly knobbed, much longer than the 1st antennal joint, and

Apliididae of Formosa. — 3. 61

arising from very small tubercles. Head provided witli 10 Lairs distributed as in
the 1st and 2nd instars. Eyes with small ocular tubercles. Frontal tubercles as
in the younger nymph. Antennae G-jointed, provided with many minute spinules
on the 4tli and the following joints; the 1st and 2ud joints each provided with a
very long slightly kmibbed hair which is longer than the 1st autcnnal joint, but
shorter than those on the head, arising from a very small tubercle; the 3rd much
shorter than the front tibia, provided with 2 very long and 2 moderately long
slightly knobbed stout hairs arising fi-om very small tubercles arranged in a row;
the 4th and 5th provided with a few moderately long to rather short bristles, the
sensorium subcircular and of medium size; the 6th provided with a moderately long
bristle far below the sensorium; the relative length of joints as follows: III-51,
IV-40, V-41, VI-55 (25+30). Rostrum not reaching the middle coxae. Protho-
rax provided with 6 very long hairs distributed as in the 1st and 2nd instars on
the pronotum and a very small blunt lateral tubercle near the hind margin. Meso-
thorax somewhat protruding on the sides, provided with 8 long hairs arranged in
two transverse rows on the middle of the dorsum and a similar one near either side.
Mctathorox slightly protruding on the sides, with 4 long hairs on the middle of the
dorsum and two similar ones near either side, these hairs arranged iu a transverse
i"ow like those on the abdominal segments. The 1st abdominal segment provided
with 8 hairs as on the mctauotum; the 2ud, 3rd and 4th each with 10, the 5th and
6th each with 4 at the middle and one near either side, and the 7th and 8th each
with about G hairs; cert^iin of these hairs sometimes much shorter. Cornicles and
Cauda almost as in the 2nd instar, much shorter than the hairs on the body. Legs
stout, provided with moderate to very long normal bristles which arc shorter than
the hairs on the abdomen.

Length of body-about 1.5 mm. Autenna-1.0 mm.

Differs from the 2nd instar in the following characters:

Antennae 6-jointcd. The 3rd antenual joint shorter than the front til)ia,
provided with more numerous long stout hairs. Eyes with very small ocular tuber-
cles. Prothorax provided with a very small lateral tubercle. Wing-pads begin-
ning to appear. Rostrum not reaching the middle coxae. Mesonotum and abdo-
men provided with more hairs.

(The fourth instar) Colour almost as in the third instar, sometimes dark
brownish purple on the middle of the meso-and metanota and with a pair of longitu-
dinal dark brownish purplish patches, which are sometimes interrupteii, on the

(J2 R. Xakahashi

dorsam of the abdomen.

Body provided with many very long scarcely or very sliglitly knobbed hairs
arising from very small tubercles on the dorsal surface, lacking finger-like tubercles,
as in the younger nymph. Head provided with 10 very long hairs which afe a
little shorter than the basal two antennal joints taken together, very slightly or
scarcely cajiitate, and distributed on the dorsal surface as iu the younger nymph.
Frontal tubercles almost lacking. Eyes with very small ocular tuljcrcles. Antnnae
6-jointed, provided with some minute spinules on tlie distal pm-tions of the 3rd, 4th
and 5th joinis and on the 6th; the 1st, as well as the 2nd, provided witli a long very
slightly capitate hair arising from a very small tubercle; the 3rd much shorter than
the frout tibia, provided with alx)ut 4 very long slightly capitate hairs arising from
very small tubercles arranged in a row and a few moderately long normal bristles;
tl>ese hairs shorter tlian those on the head; the 4th and 5th with a few moderately
long bristles, without capitate hairs, the scnsorium circular and of medium size; the
6th with a bristle below the sensorium; the relative length of joiuts about as follows:
III-95, IV-64, V-60, VI-65 (30+35). Rostrum not reaching the middle coxae.
Prothorax provided with a very small blunt tubercle on either side near tlie liind
margin, and 6 very long stout hairs on the uotum distributed as in the young
nymph. Mesothorax large, with the wing-pads well developed, provided with
10 long hairs on the dorsal surface, distributed as in the 3rd instar. Meta-
thorax and the 1st abdominal segment eacli provided with 4 long hairs on the
middle and 2 similar ones near either side; these hairs arranged in a transverse row
as on the other abdominal segments; the 2nd, 3rd and 4th abdominal segments each
provided with 6 hairs on the middle and 2 near the sides; the 5th, 6th anil 7tli each
with 4 or 5 hairs on the middle and 1 near the sides; the 8th with 6 hairs. Corni-
cles much shorter than the hairs on the abdomen, longer than wide at midlcngth,
somewhat expanded at the base and somewhat constricted near the middle. Cauda
wider than long, broadly rounded, without hairs. Anal plate not bilobed. Legs
long and stout; tibiae provided with some long bristles; hind tarsi longer tlian the
cornicle, but slightly shorter than the base of tlie last antennal joint.
Length of body-about 2.0 mm. Antenna about 1.5 mm.

The fourtli instar differs from the third in the well-developed wing-patls.
These descriptions were made from specimens collected iu "February, 1923, at Tai-
hoku, Formosa. The legs of the nympli, like tlie adult, are providi'd with two
limpid hairs between the claws.

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3.

63

The number (if liairs on the dorsal surface of the body of the nymph of
Myzocallis pseudoalni Takah.

First intiar

Second instar

Third instar

Fourth instar.

Head

10

10

10

10

Proiiotiim

f.

6

6

6

Mesonotiun

4

6

HO

10

Metanotum

4

8

8

8

Fir;,t abd.

seg.

4

7- 8

8

8

Second „

4

8

10

10

Third „

4

8

10

10

Fourth „

4

9-10

9-10

9-10

Fifth „

4

5-6

6

6- 7

Sixth „

4

4

6

(5-7

Seventh „

4

4- 6

j6

6- 7

Eightli „

2

4

6

6

Myzocallis bambusifoliae Takah.
Aphididae of Formosa, part 1, p. 73 (1921) and part 2, p. 123, pi. II, B, fig.
6(1923).

Winged viviparous female.

Antennae covered with a few cottony Becrutions as in Myzocallifi arundUoh'rifi
Clark. Tlic basal 8 abdominal segments each provided with a pair of small oblong
dusky spots at the middle of the dorsum. A very small blunt tubercle, which is
provided with a rather short hair at the apex, arif5ing from the hind part of eacli
dusky spot on the dorsum.

Myzocallis arundinariae Essig, M. arundicolens Clark, and 71/. hamhusifoUae
Takah. are very closely related to one another, but are distinguisliable as follows:
( 1 ) Abdomen with dusky markings on the dorsum. (2)

Abdomen without dusky markings on the dorsum. (The 3rd antennal joint

with the apex and a band near the base black) arundicolens Clark.

( 2 ) The 3rd antennal joint black throughout arundinariae Essig.

The 3rd antennal joint black at the apex and the hsim...hamhusifoUea Takah.

A few winged viviparous females of BI. hamhusifoUae Takah. were collected

by Mr. M. Kurisaki at Tadono in Wakayama-prefecture, Japan. Hitlierto unknown
from .Japan,

64 R- Takahashi

Myzocallis formosanus n. sp.

(PI. X, A, fig. 3)

Winged viviparous female.

Yellow. Eyes red. Antennae black. Frontal tubercles dusky. Head and
prothorax each with a broad longitudinal dusky stripe on the dorsum. Mesothorax
darker, with a few dusky strijxjs. Most of the abdominal segments with a pair ol'
dusky markings on the dorsum. Cornicles, cauda and anal plate somewhat dusky.
Legs dusky. Wings hyaline, sometimes slightly dusky, scarcely clouded along the
veins. (Colour notes from specimens preserved in alcohol). Body oblong, with a
few short hairs. Head somewhat protruding al)ove the front ocellus, with a pair of
inconspicuous blunt tubercles between the frontal tubercles, from each of which a
siiort hair arises. Frontal tubercles very short. Eyes normal. Antennae long and
very slender, with a few very small hairs; the 1st joint much larger than the 2nd;
the 3rd furnished with 3-5 rather small to medium-sized oval sensoria arranged in a
.single row near the base; the 4th without sensoria; the relative length of joints about
as follows: III-llO, IV -77, V-69, VI-84 (43+41). Rostrum very short, reaching
the front coxae. Abdomen without distinct tubercles.

The 2nd oblique on the front wings somewhat curved; the 3rd normal; stig-
matic vein Pome^\hat obsolete; hind wings with 2 slightly divergent obliques; hook-
lets 2. Cornicles very short, much shorter than wide at midlength, somewhat
expanded at the base. Cauda constricted at the base,' with some very long bristles.
Anal plate bilobed, with some very long bristles. I^egs slender, with many moderate
to rather long bristles; tibiae stouter than the 3rd antennal joint; hind tarsi slightly
shorter than the basal two antennal joints taken together.
Length of body-abont 2.0 mm. Antenna-about 1.8 mm.
Fore wing-about 2.5 mm.

Hofit.- Arundinaria sp., attacldng the lower surfxee of the leaf.

Distribution-Formosa.

Some viviparous females were collected by the author on Deceml)er 2, 1923.
This species differs from MyzocaUin arundinariae Essig and its allies in the follow-
ing characters:
( 1 ) Head protruding above tlie front ocellus, with a pair of inconspicuous blunt

tubercles between the frontal tubercles.
( 2 ) Cornicles shorter.
( 3 ) Legs dusky.

This aphis is distinguishable from 31. scaae Mats, by the antennal structure.

Aphidulae of Formosa. — 3. 65

Callipterus kahawaluokalani (Kirk.)
Aphidichc of Formosa-1, p. 74 (1921 ; Aphididac of rormosa-2, p. 44 and
125 (1923).

Nymph of viviparous female.
Key to instars.
( 1 ) Antennae 4-jointcd; one pair of hairs on the front of tlie head scarcely or not
at all capitate The 1st instar.

Antennae 5 or 6-jointcd; all the liairs on the head capitate (2)

( 2 ) Wing-pads lacking; antennae 5-jointed; eyes almost witliout

ocular tubercles The 2nd instar.

Wing-pads present; antennae 6-jointed; eyes with very small

ocular tubercles (3)

( 3 ) Wing-pads not well developed; the 4th or 5th antennal joint

almost as long as the base of the 6th The 3rd instar.

Wing-pads well developed; the 4th or 5th antennal joint a little longer

than the base of the 6th The 4th instar.

(Tlic first instar) Pale yellow. Eyes red. Antennae pale yellowish, with
the 4th joint very slightly dusky. Legs pale yellowish. Cornicles, cauda and hairs
pale yellowish. Body almost twice as long as wide. Head large, Mith a pair of
bristles on the front that are scarcely or not at all capitate; 2 pairs of long capitate
hairs between the antennae and 4 similar hairs arranged in a transverse row in
front of the eyes. These capitate hairs almost as long as the 1st antennal joint and
each arising from a very small tubercle. Frontal tubercles lacking. Eyes not protu-
berant, without ocular tubercles. Antennae 4-jointed, more slender than the tibia,
about half as long as the body; the basal two joints each provided with a very short
capitate hair; the 3rd longer than the basal two joints taken together, almost
without hairs; the 4tii with a few short setae at the tip; the relative length of joints
about as follows: III-24, IV-22 (11 + 11). Rostrum stout, reaching the middle
coxae. Pronotum provided with a pair of long capitate hairs at the middle, each
arising from a very small tubercle and 4 similar hairs arranged in a transverse
row. Meso-and metathoraces and the first four abdominal segments each with 4
similar capitate hairs arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum. The 5th, 6th,
7th, and 8th abdominal segments each with a pair of capitate hairs on the dorsum;
the 9th with a pair of non-capitate bristles on the lower side. The hairs on the
body subequal in lengtli. Cornicles somewhat protruding, much shorter than wide.

66 K- Tak:iliaslii

Cauda not distinct, quite short, without hairs. Ijcgs stout, tibiae almost as long as
the 3rd antennal joint, provided witli a few ratlicr long bristles which are not capi-
tate; hind tarsi almost as long as the base of the 4th antennal joint; limpid hairs
present between the claws.

Length of body-about 0.45 mm.

The 2nd, 3rd, and 4th nymphal instars are each provided with many capitate
hairs on the dorsum, which in number and distribution are equal to the hairs of the
1st instar. In the 1st instar one pair of bristles on the front of the head is scarcely
or not capitate, though all other hairs on the dorsum are distinctly capitate. In the
2nd and subsequent instars all the dorsal hairs are capitate.

The ocular tubercles begin to appear at the 3rd instar. In the 4th instar the
cornicles are almost as long as wide, scarcely constricted near the middle, with the
<anal plate not bilobed as in the young nymph; and the tubercles which are present
on the dorsum of the adult are wanting in the nymphal stage, as in other Calli-
l^terina.

Near Tailioku, the eggs hatch in the first week of March, tlie adults of tlie
first generation, which are M'inged, appearing about the 2oth day of tliis montii.
The oviparous females were observed as late as the 6th day of December in 1922,
near Taihoku.

The eggs are deposited upon the lower sides of twigs, are yellow in colour when
newly produced, darkening to black in a day, and are variable in shape as shown in
the figures (PI. Ill, A, figs. 1-4), measuring about 0.37 mm. in length. The winged
viviparous females have the habit, when disturbed, of jumping from the liost as in
many other Callipterina.

In the oviparous female the head is provided with a pair of slightly or sca-
rcely capitate hairs on the front, 2 pairs of capitate hairs between tlie antennae and
4 similar hairs arranged in a transverse row, as in the nymph of tlie 1st instar of
the viviparous female.

Shivaphis celti Das.
(PI. Ill, A, fig. 5 & PI. V, A, fig. 1 )

Aphididao of Formosa-1, p. 74 (1921) and ibid.-2, p. 131 (1923).
Wingless oviparous female.

Dark yellowisli brown; wax-pores dusky. Head yellowish. Eyes dark
brown. Antennae pale yellowish, apices of the 3rd, 4th and 5th joints and tlie 6tli
blackish. Cornicles brown. Cauda dusky yellow. Fore legs pale brown, with the

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 67

apicos ol tibiae aud the tarsi dusky; middle and hind femora dusky, with the bases
pale brownish; middle tibiae pale brown, with the apices and the tarsi dusky; hind
tibiae dusky yellowish, with the tarsi dusky. Body oblong, slightly covered with
a powder, provided with some long I airs. Head with some extensive groups of
small wax-pores on the dorsal surface. Antennae with a few hairs; the 4th joint
slightly imbricated; the 3rd joint without sensoria; the relative length of joints as
follows: III-60, IV -30, V-35, VI-35 (29+6). Rostrum nearly reaching the middle
coxae. Pronotum with 6 groups of small wax-pores. Meso-and metanota and each
abdominal segment with fonr groups of very small wax-pores on the dorsum.

Each group of wax-pores with a long bristle arising from the center of it.
Cornicles almost as in tlie viviparous form. Cauda not narrowed at the base.
Anal plate not bilobed, rounded. Legs with some bristles; hind tibiae somewhat
swollen, somewhat stouter than the fore and middle tibiae, provided with about 30
rather large sensoria, which are irregular in shape, mostly on the basal half; hind
tarai almost as long as the 5th antennal joint.

Length of body-about 1.8 mm. Antenna-about 0.87 mm.

Winged male.

Body narrow. Head provided with groups of wax-pores arranged on the
dorsum; tiiese groups of wax-pores almost as large as, or a little larger than, the
simple eye, with a long bristle arising from the center of each. Eyes very large,
with distinct ocular tubercles. Frontal tubercles very short. Antennae with a few
hairs; the 3rd joint provided with about 18 large oval sensoria distributed over the
whole length in a single row; the 4th somewhat imbricated, with 5-8 circular
sensoria; the 5th with 6 similar sensoria, the apical one large; the 6th with about 3
similar sensoria in a row near the base; the relative length of joints as follows:
ni-80, IV-43, V-45, VI-37 (32+5). Wax-pores present in groups on the dorsum
of the thorax. Abdominal segments with 4 groups of wax-pores on the dorsum.
These groups of wax-pores with a long bristle arising from the center of each.
Cornicles almost as in the female. Cauda moderately constricted near the base.
Anal plate slightly sinuated.

Length of body-about 1.3 mm. Antenna-about 1.1 mm.

Some oviparous females and a few males were observed on the leaves of an
old (Ji'Jtis, in Detember, 1922, and in January, 1923, when some viviparous females
were also observed on the same host.

Nymph of viviparous female.

68 R- Takaha&hi

Key to instars.
( 1 ) Antennae 5-joiuted (2)

Antennae G-jointed (3)

( 2 ) The 3rd autonnal joint almost as long as the 5th The 1st iustar.

The 3rd antennal joint longer than the 5th The 2nd instar.

( 3 ) Wing-pads not well developed or body much smaller than

that of the adult The 3rd instar.

Wing-pads well developed or body a little smaller than that

of the adult The 4t]i instar.

(The first instar) Pale greenish yellow. Eyes red. Antennae pale greenish,
dusky on the apices of the 3rd and 4th joints and the distal half of the 5th. Legs
pale greenish, slightly dusky on the tarsi. Body oblong, broadest near the middle of
the abdomen, very slightly more than twice as long as wide. Head rather large, on
the dorsal surface provided with 6 groups of very small wax-pores arranged in
pairs; these groups protuberant, with a rather long bristle arising from the center of
each.

Eyes somewhat protuberant, with the ocular tubercles not distinctly so.
Frontal tubercles lacking. Antennae more slender than tiie tibia, much shorter
than the body, 5-jointed; the 1st joint almost as long as the 2nd, with a rather long
bristle like the 2nd; the 3rd without sensoria; the 4th and 5th with some very
minute spinules; the 4th almost as long as the 1st and 2nd taken together, with a
bristle near the middle, the sonsorium circular, rather small; the relative length of
joints about as follows: III -24, IV-15, V-25 (17-|-8). Rostrum stout, almost rea-
ching the hind coxae. Meso and metathoraces and most of the abdominal segments
ea "h provided with 4 groii])S of wax-pores arranged as in the adult in a row on the
dorsum; from the center of each of these groups a rather long bristle arises. Corni-
cles wider than long, similar to tiiose of the adult in shape. Anal plate not bilobed.
Cauda almost semicircular ^vhen seen from above, without hairs. Legs stout,
provided with some long bristles; liiud tarsi almost as long as the basal part of the
last antennal ioint.

Length of body-about 0.(35 mm. Antenui-about 0.35 or mure mm.

(The 2nd instar) ].)iticrs from the 1st instar in the fulluwing points:

The relative length of antennal joints about as follows: 111-35, IV-18, V-28
(•20-f 8). Body about 0.85 mm. in length.

(The 3rd iustar) JJitfers from the 2nd in the following points:

Aphidiilae of Formosa. — 3. 69

Antennae 6-joiuted; tho relative length of _'oints about as follows: III-25,
IV-18, V-'-l, YI-29 (22 + 7). Wing-pads beginning to appear in the uyiupii of
winged form. Body about 1.15 mm. in length.

(The 4th instar) Diflers from the 3rd in the following characters:

Wing-pads well developed in the winged form. Body about 1.25 mm. in
length.

The relative length of autennal joints about as follows: III-u5, IV-23,
V-26, VI-34 (25+9).

It is remarkable that the 3rd iind 4tli iustars of the wingless form ai'e scarcely
distinguishable except by the relative size of the body.

In the 1st instar the first pair of groups of wax-pores on tho dorsal surfiicc of
the head is rather distinctly protuberant and situated on the front. The 1st instar
nymph is not covered with cottony secretions, but the 2nd, 3rd and 4th are densely
so pi'ovided.

Neophyllaphis podocarpi Takah.
(PI. Ill, B, figs. 6-9)

Aphididac of Formosa-1, p. 77 (1921) and ibid.-2, p. 129 (1923).
Nymph of viviparous female.
Key to instars.
( 1 ) Antennae 4-jointed The 1st instar.

Antennae 5-jointed. The 2nd instar.

Antennae 6-joiutad (2)

( 2 ) The 3rd antennal joint almost as long as the 6th, or the ^ving-pads beginning
to appear The 3rd instar.

The 3rd antennal joint longer than the 6th; wing-pads well

developed Tho 4th instar.

(The first inst:ir) Pink, somewhat yellowish on the head. Eyes dark red to
almost blackish. Antennae almost colourless, very slightly dusky at the apices,
Legs almost colourless, very slightly dusky on the tarsi. Cauda pale yellowish.
Body oblong, broadest at midleugth, a little more than twice as long as wide, some-
what flattened, soft, very slightly covered with a powder, about 2.5 times as long
as the antenna. Head largo, divided, somewhat protruding on the front between
the antennae, provided with a few long bristles on the front. Frontal tubercles
lacking. Eyes composed of 3 facets. Antennae very short, 4-jointed, not imbri-
cated; the basal two joints each with a long bristle; the 3rd very slightly more

70 B- Takahaahi

slender than, but almost as long as, the front tibia, with a bristle near the apex, the
sensorium very small, eircular; the 4th longer than the basal two joints taken toge-
ther, provided with minute spinules, and a few bristles at the apex; the rela-
tive length of joints about as follows: III-25 30, IV-20. Rostrum very long,

reaching beyond the hind coxae. Head and pronotum fused together. Body
without tulKTcles. Abdomen provided with a few moderate to rather long bristles.

Cornicles not distinct, represented almost by a pore. Cauda almost semici-
rcular when seen from above, very short, much wider thaia long, broadly rou-
nded, with a pair of bristles. Legs provided with a few very long bristles on tlic
distal part of the tibia, and tarsi; tarsi with minute spinules; hind tarsi almost as
long as, or slighty shorter than, the 4th antennal joint. Anal plate not sinuated.
Length of body-about 0.7mm. Antenna-about 0.3 mm.

When newly produced, the rostrum reaches far beyond the cauda.
(The second instar) Differs from the first instar in the following chara tei's:
Antennae very slightly dusky at the apices of joints. Legs slightly dusky.
Antennae 5-jointed; the 3rd joint with 2 or 3 bristles; the 4th with a bristle; the
relative length of joints about as follows: III-30, IV-17, V-25. In some speci-
mens which are probably the nymphs of the winged form, the 3rd antennal joint is
comparatively longer and the relative length of the antennal joints is as follows:
III-45, IV-19, V-26. Cornicles slightly protruding. Cauda provided with 2 pairs
of bristles?

Length of body-about 1 .0 mm. Antenna-about 0.6 mm,

(Tlie third instar) Differs from the second instar in the following cliaracters:
Wingless form: antennae 6 -jointed, the relative length of joints about as
follows: III-27, IV-14, V-20, VI-27.

Length of body-about 1.4 mm. Antenna-about 0.6 mm.

Winged form : wing-pads beginning to appear, yellow, antennae with tlie 3rd
joint longer, the relative length of joints about as follows: III-40, IV-16, V-24,
VI-28.

Length of 1x)dy-about 1.3 mm. Antenna about 0.55 mm.

(The fourth instar) Differs from the tliird instar in the following characters:
Wingless form: tlie rtdative lengtli of antennal joints about as follows:
III-37, IV-17, V-23, VI-25. In some individuals the rostrum is uuicli shorter,
reaching only to tiie middle coxae.

Length of body-about 1.4 mm. Antenna-about 0.7 mm.

Aphididao of Formosa. — 3. 71

Winged form: Head and pronotum well defined; eyes slightly protuberant,
with the ocular tubercles distinct; antennae with the relative length of joints about
as follows: III-70, IV-25, V-30, VI-30; wing-pads well developed, pale yellow,
slightly dusky.

Length of body-about 1.8 mm. Antehna-about 0.9 mm.

The above descriptions were made from specimens collected on March 15 and
17, 1923, at Taihoku.

The noteworthy points in the nymphal stage of this species arc as follows:

Head and pronotum fused together except in the full-grown nymph of the
winged form.

Eyes composed of 3 facets, but in the full-grown nymph of the winged form
true compound eyes begin to appear.

Rostrum variable in length.

The 3rd antennal joint of the winged form (tlie 3rd and 4th instars) is longer
compared with tliat of the wingless form.

Head divided, though not so in the adult.

Many viviparous females were observed on rodorarpuft on November 22,
1923, at Kankau, Koshun, Foi'mosa.

Lachnus thujafoliae Theob.

LncJmieUa thuja/oliae, Theobald, Bull. Entom. Research, IV, p. 335
(1914).

Lachnus tlmjafoUae, Takahaslii, Aphididae of Formosa, part 1, p. 81 (1921 )
and part 2, p. 135 (1923).

Syn. Lachnus hiotac, van der Goot, Contrib. Fauna Indes. Necrland., 1,
3, p. 161 (1917).

Nymph.

The winged form shows four nymphal instars, but the wingless seems to have

three instars.

Key to instars.

Wingless form.
( 1 ) Antennae 4-jointed; cornicles situated on cones which are

destitute of hairs The 1st instar.

Antennae 5 or 6-jointed; cornicles situated on hairy cones (2)

( 2 ) Antennae 5-jointed The 2nd instar.

Antennae 6-jointed. The 3rd instar.

72 R- Takahashi

Winged form.
( 1 ) Antennae 4-iointed; cornicles situated on cones which lack hairs

The Its instar.

Antennae 5 or 6-jointed; cornicles situated on hairy cones (2)

( 2 ) Antennae 5-iointed The 2nd instar.

Antennae G-jointed (3)

( 3 ) Wing-pads not well developed The 3rd instar.

Wing-pads well developed The 4th instar.

(The first instar) Body provided with many long hairs. Head divided,

though not disiinctly so. Frontal tubercles lacking. Eyes scarcely protuberant,
witli no ocular tubercles. Antennae 4-jointed, hairy, not imbricated; the 3rd joint
with an apical sensorium which is very small, circular and not surrounded by liairs
as in the adult; the 4th almost as long as the basal two joints taken together; the
relative length of joints about as follows: III-50, IV-26. Eostrum reaching far
beyond the hind coxae. Cornicles situated on very short cones which are without
hairs. Legs furnished with many very long hairs; tibiae stouter than the antenna;
tarsi not imbricated, tlie 2nd joint almost 3.5 times as long as the 1st; hind tarsi a
little shorter than the 3rd antennal joint. Cauda very short, hairy, broadly rounded.
Length of body-about 1.2 mm.

(The second instar) Differs from the 1st in the following characters: (1)
Body larger. (2) Eyes largei-, with the ocular tubercles beginning to be visible.
(3) Antennae 5-;ointGd; sensorium on the 4th joint larger; the relative lengtli of
joints about as follows: III-45, IV-20, V-30. (4) Hind tarsi almost as long as
the 3rd antennal joint. (5) Cornicles situated on hairy cones.

(The third instar) Antennae 6-jointed; the i-elative length of joints about as
follows: in-45, IV-20, V-25, VI-30. Wing-pads beginning to appear.

(The fourtli instar) Antennae 6-jointed; the relative length of joints about
as follows: in-65, IV--:6, V-32, VI-34. Wing-pads well developed.

The meso-and metathoraces of the second instar of the winged form are very
slightly protruding on each side.

Many wingless viviparous females and some nymphs of the winged form were
observed on Octover 10, 1923, at Taihoku.

The cornicles of the first instar of Dilachnns and Pterochhrua are situated on
sliort cones whicii are almost destitute of hairs, as in this species, but those of the
second and the following instars are on hairy eonea as in the adult.

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 73

The 5th cantennal joint of tlie 3rd and 4tli instars of Lncliims tJmJafoliae
Theob. is usually provided with a sniall aensorium in addition to the apical primary
one.

Dilachnus formosanus n. sp.
DUaclmm qi., Takahashi, Apliididae of rormosa-2, p. 46 (1923).

AVingless viviparous female.
Difi'ers from Dilachnus ]>in!formosanm Takah. in the following characters:
Body larger, measuring about 4 or more mm. in length. More yellowish
brown in general colour. Nymphs ;vith a somewhat greenish tinge. Antennae
provided with shorter hairs which are fewer in number; the 3rd joint longer than
the 4th and 5th taken together; tlie 5th almost as long as the 4th, with a sensorium
near the usual apical one; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-132,
IV-52, V-50, VI- 45. Hairs on tlie leg's shorter. The 2nd tarsal joint relatively
shorter.

Winged viviparous female.
Very closely resembles D. pini/m-mo.sanu.1 Takah., differing from it, however,
in the following characters:

Body more yellowish brown in general colour. Hairs on the antenna shorter
and fewer in niunber; the 3rd antennal joint longer than tlie 4tli and 5th taken
together; the 4th and 5th equal in length; the relative length of joints about as
follows: ni-140, IV-57, V-57, VI-48. Legs with shorter setae; tarsi stouter.
Length of body about 3.7 mm. Antenna-1.6 mm.
Fore wing-about 4.0 mm.

In I), piniffn-jnomnus Takah., tlie 3rd antennal joing is almost as long as the
4th and 5th taken together and the 5th is longer than the 4th.

Nymph.

Key to instars.

( 1 ) Antennae 4-jointed The 1st instar.

Antennae 5-jointed The 2nd instar.

Antennae 6-jointed (2)

( 2 ) Body much smaller than tlie adult. Wing-pads not well

developed The 3rd instar.

Body only slightly smaller than the adult. Wing-pads well

developed The 4th instar.

(The first instar) Antennae 4-jointed; the relative length of joints about as

74 K- Takahashi

follows: ni-90,rS^ 40. Plead -witliont frontal tubercles. Eyes M-ithout ocular
tubercles. Rostrum reacliing far beyond the hind coxae. Cornicles provided with
.1 few long bristles near the base of the cone.

(The second instar) Antennae 5-jointed; the relative length of joints about
as follows: III-80, IV-'^2, V-40. Cornicles on hairy cones.

(The third instar) Antennae G-jointed; the 5th joint with a sensorinni near
the usual apical one; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-70, IV-37,
V-39, VI-37. Ocular tubercles visible. Wing-pads very short.

(The fourtli instar) Antennae 6-jointed; the 5th joint with a sousorium near
the usual one; the relative length of joints in tlie wingless form about as follows:
III-98, IV-43, V-40, VI-37. AVing-pads well developed.
'Host.-Finns sp., attacking the slioot.
Distribution.- Formosa : Taihoku, Shinten.

A few viviparous females, both winged and wingless, and nymplis wore colle-
cted by the author on Octolier 13, 1923, at Taihoku.

Unilachnus orientalis n. sp.
Wingless viviparous female.
Yellowish brown. Head slightly dusliy. Eyes black. Antennae pale gray,
with the apex of the 5tii joint and the 6th black. Cornicles and cauda yellowish
brown. Femora dusky brown, paler at tlie base; tibiae pale greenisli gray, with
black apices; tarsi black. Body not elongate, provided with many very long hairs,,
rather densely covered with a powder. Head divided, with many very long hairs.
Eyes with the ocular tuber.les quite small or almost lacking. Antennae provided
with many very long hairs; the 3rd and 4tli joints without sensoria; the 5th with a
medium-sized sensorinni at the apex; the relative length of joints about as follows:
III-65, IV-32, V-30, VI- 31. Hostrum as in Unilachnus parvus Wihon in ntriw-
ture, reaching beyond the middle coxae.

Cornicles on the cones which are rather small and provided with about
17 long hairs. Cauda very short, rounded. Legs very long and stout, covered
with powder, furnished with many very long hairs; tibiae stouter than the antenna;
tarsi not imbricated; hind tarsi a little shorter than the 3rd antennal joint, the 2nd
tarsal joint about twice as long as the 1st.

Length of body-about 2.1 mm. Antenna-about 1.0 mm.

Winged viviparous female.
Yellowish brown. Head somewhat dusky. Eyes black. Antennae pale

AphidiJae of Formosa.- — 3. 75

yellowish brown, apex of tlie 5th joint aud the 6tli black. Mesothorax dusky.
Stigma aud veins pale brownish gray. Cornicles and caiida yellowish brown.
Femora brownish, paler at the base; tibiae pale greenish gray, ^^'ith black apices; tarsi
black. Body not elongate, provided with many very long hairs. Head divided.
Eyes protuberant, with tlie ocular tul^ercles quite small or almost lacking. Anten-
nae furnished with many very long hairs which are almost as long as tliose on the
head; the 1st joint slightly shorter than these hairs; the 3rd furnished with about 6
medium-sixed or rather small circular sensoria arranged in a single row along the
whole length except on the basal portion; tlie 4th without sensoria; the 5tli with a
primary scnsorium of medium size at the apex; the relative length of joints about as
follows: III-65, IV-32, V-30, VI-30. Rostrum as in Unilachnus j^arvufi, reaching
the middle coxae. Wings imbricated; stigma almost as in U. parvus; the 3rd
oblique faint, obsolete on the basal part, not branched; stigmatic vein very sligiitly
curved; booklets 4. Cornicles situated on the cones which are not large, provided
with about 17 hairs.

Length of body-about 2.2 mm. Antenua-about 1.0 mm.
Fore wing-about 2.75 mm.

Yioat.-Pinus up., attacking tlio leaf.
Distribution-Formosa: Taihoku.

Tins species differs from UnUaclmus parvics Wilson (Trann. American Ent.
Soc, XLT, p. 104) in the not elongate body, as well as iu lacking sensoria on the 4th
antennal joint of the winged form.

This aphis resembles Schizolaclinus tomentosuH De Gcer iu some characters,
diSering from it, however, in having the 3rd oblique of the front wing unbranched.
A few wingless viviparous females and a winged one were collected by the
author on November 3, 1923, at Taihoku.

Eulachnus piniformosanus Takah.
Aphididae of Formosa, part 1, p. 83 (1921) and ibid, part 2, p. 138 (1923).

Nymph.
Key to instars. ,
( 1 ) Antennae 4-jointed The 1st instar.

Antennae 5-jointed The 2nd instar.

Antennae 6-jointed (2)

( 2 ) The 4th antennal joint without sensoria The 3rd instar.

The 4th antennal joint with a seusurium The 4th instar.

75 E. Takaha&hi

(The first iiistar) Body nirrow, with raauy long bristles. Hiuci divided,
tlioiigh not distinctly so, with about 15 bristles on the dorsal surface. Eyes rather
large, distinctly protuberant. Antennae 4-jointed; the relative length of joints
about as follows: III-47, IV-28. Kostrum usually reaching far beyond i,he hind
coxae, but sometimes reaching only to the middle or hind coxae. Cornicles as in the
adult in shape. Cauda almost semicircular when seen from above.

(The second instar) Antennae S-jointed; the relative length of joints about
as follows : III-4'\ IV-20, V-28.

(TJie tliird instar) Antennae fi-jointcd; tiie ralative lengtli of joints about as
follows: III-37, IV-17, V-25, VI-30. Wing pads beginning to appear.

(The fourth instar) The 4th autenual joint of either the winged or wingless
form ])rovidcd with a sensorium near tlie apex; the relative length of joints about as
follows: III-47, IV-'20, V 29, VI-35. Wing-pads well developed.

The hairs on the head are variable in number. Each half of tiie dorsal sur-
face of tlio head is provided with from 8 to 11 liairs in the wingless adult and witli
about 10 in the winged form. Tlic wingless adult is furnished with a sensorium at
the apex of the 4t]i autenual joint and sometimes witli one at the apex of the ■"'ird also.

Host.-Pinus sj), attacking the leaf.

Distribution. -Formosa : Taihoku, Kagi, Koshun.

Japan: Kyoto, Oita prefecture, Tokyo.

This species is probaljly a synonym of E. thunhcrgii Wilson (Entom. News,
XXX, 1, p. 3, 1919).

Aiceona osugii u. sp.

(PL X, A, figs. 9-11 & PI. X, B. fig. 1 )

Wingless viviparous female.

Yellowish green. Antennae and legs yellowish green. Eyes black?

Body elongate oval, furnished witli many very long fine hairs. Head not
fused with the prothorax, almost twice as broad as long, not divided by a median
line on the dorsal surface. Frontal tubercles lacking. Eyes rudimentary, some-
times composed of a few facets, with the ocular tubercles distinctly protuberant, but
usually only the ocular tubercles are apparent. Antennae long, very slightly imbri-
cated, 6-jointed, provided with raauy very long haii-s; the 1st joint about as long as, but
stouter than, the 2nd; the 3rd and 4tli without sonsoria; the 5th with the apical senso-
rium lai"ge, circular, protuberant and not surrounded by a row of setae; tlie relative
length of joints alwut as follows: III-125, IV-58, V-56, VI -57(35 -|- 22). Rostrum

Apliididae of Formosa. — 3. 77

reaching the middle coxae. Abdomen witliout tubercles. Corniides small, very
short, situated on very shallow cones which are provided with some very long haira.
Cauda very short, rounded, with some very long hairs. Legs very long, with many
very long hairs; hind tibiae stouter than the 3rd antennal joint; hind tarsi scarcely
imbricated, about twice as long as the distal part of the last anlennal joint.
Eody-about 2.5 mm. Antcnna-about 1.6 mm.

Winged viviparous female.

Head, eyes, antennae and thorax black. Abdomen brownish, each segment
on the dorsum with a large black marking at the middle and some additional very
small black patches. Wings dusky in two specimens the author has examined, with
the stigma blackish. Legs black. Body elongate, with many very long hairs. Head
much wider than long, not divided on the dorsal surface. Eyes with distinct ocular
tubercles. Frontal tubercles lacking. Antennae somewhat imbricated, furnished
with many very long fine hairs; the 3rd joint provided with about 68 large to
medium-sized, protuberant, circular or oval sensoria scattered over the whole
length; tlie 4th with about 25 similar sensoria; the 5th with from 5-12, the primary
sensorium large, circular; the 6th with about 2 small sensoria on the basal part; the
relative length of joints about as follows: 111-130, IV-65, V-62, VI-58 (38-f 20).
Rostrum reaching the middle coxae.

Subcosta of the front wing furnished with some (about 25) very long hairs
arranged in a single row along the whole longth; the Ist oblique nearly straight;
the 2nd slightly curved; the 3rd twice forked, the upper branch extending to
slightly above the tip of the wing; stigma short and stout; stigmatie vein moder-
ately curved; hind wings with 2 divergent obliques; booklets 4. Abdomen without
tubercles. Cornicles and cauda as in the wingless form. Legs very long and slen-
der, furnished with many very long fine hairs; tibiae more slender than the 3rd
antennal joint; hind tarsi slightly imbricated, about twice as long as the distal part
of the last antennal joint.

Length of body-about 3.0 mm, Antenna-about 1.7 mm.
Fore wing-about 4.0 mm.

Host.-A tree the name of whic^h hiis not been determined, attacking the lower
side of the young leaf.

Distribution.-Formosa.

Some wingless viviparous females and t^o winged ones were collected on
December 2,1923. This aphis, the second species of the genus, differs from A.

78 K. Takahaahi

adinodaphnii Takah. (Aphididae of Forniosa-l, p. 85) in tliu followiug characters:
(1) Body elongate. (2) Wingless females yellowish green. Winged ones
broM'nish, with black markings on the dorsum. (3) Eyes of the wingless form
more rudimentary. (4)Antennae of the winged form provided with more seusoria.
(5) Cornicles smaller, situated on very sliallow cones.

Genus Oregma
Key to Formosaa species
( 1 ) Green. Horns on the head always rounded at the tip. The 8th

abdominal segment with 2 rows of wax-pores (2)

Usually brownish or blackish. Horns usually sharjjly pointed at

the ajjex. The 8th abdominal segment when provided with wax-
pores witli a group of them ou the dorsum (3)

( 2 ) Middle area of the dorsum of body dark green. 0. formasdna n. sp.

Body on the dorsum with a pair of longitudinal dark green pat-
ches which are usually interrupted at midlength 0. bambusi/oliae Takah.

( 3 ) Body not depressed, without well-developed wax-j)ores

0. hamhusicola Takah.

Body rather depressed or not so, provided with well-developed

wax-pores (4)

( 4 ) Body not depressed, without well-developed wax-pores on the head,
thorax and basal abdominal segments, but provided with them on
the 6th, 7th and 8th abdominal segments 0. alexanderi n. sp.

Body depressed or not so, provided with well-developed wax-pores

on the thorax and basal abdominal segments. (5)

( 5 ) Tliorax and basal abdominal segments furnished with latral as

well as dorsal wax-pores. (6)

Tliorax and basal abdominal segments furnished only with lateral

wax-pores (8)

( (5 ) Horns on the head I'ouuded at the tip 0. panicola Takali.

Horns sharjily pointed (7)

( 7 ) Body rather depressed, with the well-developed wax-pores larger

in diameter than the apex of the cornicle 0. pscudomontana n. sp.

Body not depressed, with the well-developed wax-pores as large in

diameter or smaller than the apex of the cornicle. 0. Jcoshunensis n. sp.

( 8 ) Yellowish or dark greenish 0. laniyera Zehnt.

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 79

Brownish black (9)

( 9 ) Horns on the head almost as long as the 1st antennal joint

0. orientalis Takah.

Horns almost as long as the 4t}i antennal joint. 0. oplismeni n. sp.

Oregma panicola Takah.

Aphididae of Formosa-l, p. 5 (1921); Aphididae of Formosa-2, pp. 49 and
144(1923).

^ull-gro^\•n nymph of winged viviparous female.

Head and prothorax fused together, provided with numerous very small wax-
pores, wliich are rather irregular in shape like those of Orejma hamhusicola
Takah., scattered over the wliole surface of the dorsum. Head furnished with a
few hairs which are almost as long as the horn. Horns rather stout, but much
more slender than the antenna, a little shorter than the first antennal joint, the tips
rounded. Antennae stout, more so thin tlie tilaao, S-jointed, provided witli a few
long bristles; the 4th joint sliorter thaji the basal two joints taken togetlier, witli a
very small apical sensorium which is somewhat protuberant, the 5th not imbricated;
the relative length of joints as follows: III-32, IV-14, V-25. Eyes not protruding,
with the ocular tubercles (3 facets) somewhat protuberant. Rostrum stout, not reaching
the middle coxae. Dorsal and lateral tubercles absent. Wing-pads wide. Abdo-
men without wax-pores but with a few bristles. Cornicles very short, much wider
than long, expanded toward the base. Cauda very short and wide. Anal plate not
bilobed. Hind femora almost as long as the antenna, provided with some moder-
ately long bristles; tibiae furnished with some very long bristles; hind tarsi scarcely
imbricated, almost as long as the 3rd antennal joint, with a few very long bristles.
Tjcngth of body-about 1.7 mm. Antenna-about 0.5 mm.

Nymph of wingless female provided with many circular wax-pores distributed
as in the wingless adult.

Numerous viviparous females, botli winged and wingless, were observed on
Panicum patens on December 3, 1922, at Urai, Formosa. Many wingless females
were collected on the host on November 22, 1923, at Kankau, Koshun, Formosa.

Oregma bambusicola Takah.

Aphididae of Formosa-l, p. 89 (1821) and ibid.-2, pp. .50 and 142 (1923).
Nymph of viviparous female.

i The first instar Dark brownish purple. Horns yellowish brown. Eyes
black. Antennae yellowish brown, with the apical parts blackish. Legs yellowish
brown.

80 K. Takahashi

Body narrow, flat, only slightly dusted with powder. Wax-pores very small,
rather irregular in shape, numerous, scattered over the whole surface of the dor-
sum. Head fused with tlie prothorax, witliout long hairs on the dorsal surface, but
witli some long bristles on the lower surface.

Eyes of 3 facets. Horns very long and slender, almost as long as the 3rd
antennal joint, rather sharply pointed, curved upwards, somewhat expanded toward
the base, witliout hairs. Antennae stouter than the horns, 4-jointed; the 1st joint
larger than the 2nd; the 3rd not imbricated, with some long bristles, the sensorium
of medium size atid protuberant; the 4th imbricated, with a few long bristles, almost
as long as the basal two joints taken together; tlie relative lengtli of joints as
follows: III-37, IV-31. Rostrum very stout, almost reaching tliu hind coxae.
Abdomen provided with a few bristles on the dorsum and some very short setae on
the lower side of tlie segment. Cornicles not visible.

Cauda short, broadly rounded, not constricted. Anal plate not bilobcd. Legs
very large, long and stout; tibiae provided with many very long hairs; tarsi long,
not imbricated; hind tarsi a little longer than tlic 3rd antennal joint, as stout as
the antenna, provided with a few very long hairs.

LengtJi of body-about 1.2 mm. Antenna-about 0.24 mm.
Hind leg-about 1.85 mm.

(Full-grown nymph of winged viviparous female). Head yellowish
green. Eyes black. Antennae blackish brown. Prothorax dark yellowish brown.
Mesotliorax brown, somewhat greenish. Wing-pads black. Abdomen brownish
black. Cauda yellowish brown. Legs yellowish brown, apices of tibiae, and tarsi
black. J^ody stout. Wax-pores very small, rather irregular in shape, numerous,
scattered over the whole surface of the dorsum as in the young nymph and the
wingless viviparous female. Head fused with tlie prothorax, almost without hairs
on the dorsum, but with some bristles on the ventral surface. Horns almost as long
as the 1st antennal joint, moderately expanded toward tlie base, rather sharply
pointed, with a few very small hairs. Eyes large, not protuberant; ocular tubercles
distinct. Antennae very stout, more slender than the femur, but slightly stouter
than the tibia, somewhat curved, with a few long bristles, 5-jointed; the lat joint
larger than the 2nd; the 4th with an apical sensorium of medium size; the relative
length of joints as follows: IIL55, IV-40, V-30. Rostrum almost reaching the
middle coxae. Body without tubercles. Wing-pads not long, wide.

Abdomen provided with a few bristles. Cornicles very sliort, mucli M'ider

Aphididae of Formosa.— 3. 81

tlian long, scarcely ou cones.

Cauda wider tlian long, broadly rounded, not constricted. Anal plate not
bilobed. Legs long, furnished with many very long hairs; tarsi long; liind tarsi
almost as long as the 4th antennal joint.

Length of body-about 2.7 mm. Antenna-about 0.7 mm.

Some winged viviparous females were observed on January 14, 1924, at
Taihoku.

Oregma alexanderi n. sp.

(PI. X, B, figs. 4-5 & 12)

Wingless viviparous female.

Almost brownish black, with a somewhat purplish tinge, sliglitly covered with
powder. Antennae brownish, with the last joint black. Tibiae brownish. In speci-
mens treated with c.iustic potash, the head and prothorax dark brownish, meso-and
metathorax each with a very large dark brownish patch on the sides togetlier with
some very small spots, basal three abdominal segments each with a large similar
patch on the sides, the 4th and the following abdominal segments each with a small-
er similar patch on the sides, legs yellowish brownish, cornicles almost black,
Cauda and anal plate dusky. Body somewhat elongate oval, not depressed. Head
fused with the prothorax, witli some rather long hairs. Eyes composed of 3
facets. Horns ratlier stout, almost as long as the 1st antennal joint, sharply pointed
at the apex, curved upward. Antennae rather slender, 4-jointed, witii a few
moderate or rather long liairs; the 1st joint larger than the 2nd; tlie 3rd very
slightly curved, slightly exjiandcd at the apex, sometimes witli a constriction, the
sensorium very small; the 4th almost as long as or slightly shorter than the biisal
two joints taken together; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-57,
lV-33. Rostrum very stout, reaching the hind margin of the prothorax. Thorax
and abdomen furnished witli some rather long bristles. Cornicles not situated on
cones, very short, but very large in diameter, much larger than the wax-pore on
the 8th abdominal segment. Cauda much wider than long, wider than the opening
of the cornicle and the lobe of tlie anal plate, constricted at tlie base, with some
very long bristles.

Anal plate large, deeply biloljed, with some very long bristles. Legs very
long; tibiae much stouter than the antenna, front tibiae about twice as long aa tlie
antenna; hind tibiae provided with many rather long bristles; tarsi long, not
imbricatttd, hind tarsi longer than the 3rd antennal joint. The 6th abdominal

82 Aphididae of Formosa.— 3.

segment furnished with from 1-4 well-developed circular wax-pores arranged in a
group on the dark brownish patch on the sides, the 7th with from 4-6 larger ones on
the sides, the 8th witii about 9 or 10 very largo circular or subcircalar wax-pores in
a group at the middle of the dorsum. Head, thorax and basal alxlominal segments
without well- developed wax-pores. Numerous very small, poorly developed wax-
poresare recognizable, these subcircuhir or iri'cgular in shape, not transparent, and
scattered over the dark brownish patches on tlie dorsum. These poorly developed
■wax-pores are also visible in 0. Jiamhusicoln Takali. Tlic wax-pores scattered over
the dorsum of Aleiirodaphis diSbr from those of these species of Orccjma in tiie
larger size, circular shape and in being transparent.

Length of body-about 4.0 mm. Antenna-about 0.65 mm.
Hind tibia-about 1.75 mm.

'H.osi.-Dendrocalamus latifloj-us, attacking the young shoot.
Distribntion.-Formosa.
. ■ The wingless viviparous females were observed in great abundance on Decem-
ber 2,1923. This aphis is named in honour of Prof. Dr. C. P. Alexander of
the Massacliusetts Agricultural College, United States of America, to whom the
author acknowledges indebtness for many favours. This new species is very closely
related to Orcgnia hamhimcoJa Takah., differing froni it, however, in the following
characters :

(1) Body more elongate. (2) Rostrum sliorter, not reaching tlie middle coxae.
(3) Legs much longer. (4) Cornicles larger in diameter, ("j) Tlie 6th, 7th and 8th
abdominal segments provided witii well-developed wax-pores. (6) Body with more
dark brownisli patclies, wliicli become apparent in specimens treated witii canstic
potash.

Oregma pseudomontana n. sp.
(PI. VI, B, figs. 14 & PI. VII, A, fig. 1 )
Orccjma montana, Takahaslii, Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 52 (1923).

Wingless viviparous female.
Dark purplish, very slightly dusted with powder. Body broad, rather
depressed. Head fused wish the prothorax, provided with some rather long hairs.
Horns almost as long as the 1st antennal joint, rather pointed at the apex, broadest
at the base, tapering, about twice as long as wide at midlength. Eyes composed of
3 facets. Antennae very short, 4-jointed, provided with a few rather long hairs;
the 3rd joint somewhat expanded towards the apex, witli the apical sensorium very

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 83

small and circular as iu most species of Oregmaj the 4th very slightly imbricated,
almost as long as the basal two joints taken together; the relative length of joints

about as follows: III-20. IV-19 20. Eostrum [very stout, almost reaching the

middle coxae. Abdomen provided with a few rather long bristles on the dorsum.
Cornicles very short, somewhat protruding. Cauda much wider than long, wider
than tlie lobe of the anal plate, constricted at the base, M'ith some very long bristles.
Anal plate bilobed, each lobe being provided with about 5 very long bristles. Tibiae
rather long, stouter than the antenna, furnished with some long bristles; tarsi
scarcely imbricated, hind tarsi longer than the 3rd antennal joint. Wax- pores
well- developed, very large, larger than the opening of the cornicle in di.imeter,
circular, subcircular or oval, distributed as follows:

(a) On the side of the body: head-0, prothorax-4 7 in each group, meso-

thorax-5 6, mctatliorax-5 7, the 1st abdoninal segment-4, tlie 2nd, 3rd, 4th

and 5th each-5 6, the 6th-6 8, the 7th-7 8.

(b) On the dorsum: head-5 9 in each group, protliorax-3 6, meso-

thorax-6 8, metathorax-3 5, the 1st abdominal segment! 3, tlie 2nd-l 3,

the 3rd-0 3, the 4th 1 2, the 5th-2, the 6th and 7th-0; the Sth-about 10-12 in

a group at the middle. Wax-pores ou the head somewhat smaller than those on
the remaider of the body.

Length of body-about 1.5 mm.

Winged viviparous female.
Head, eye.'', antennae, thorax and legs black. Abdomen dark purplish.
Head provided witli many very short hairs ou the dorsal as well as on the ventral
surface. Horns almost entirely lacking. Eyes very large, with the ocular tuber-
cles small. Antennae striate, 5-jointed, without hairs; sensoria annular, almost

entirely encircling the segment, distributed as follows: in-22 24, IV-10 12,

V-8 '.9; the relative length of joints about as follows: in-75, IV-35, V-35.

Rostruiu' stout, not reaching the middle coxae. The 1st and 2nd obliques on the
front wing united at their bases; the 3rd once-forked, obsolete at the base; subcosta
provided with about 7 small sensoria; hind wings with 2 obliques that are not
parallel; booklets 2. Abdomen furnished with some rather long bristles. Leg3
■ slender; tibiae more slender tlian the antenna, provided with many moderate or
ratlier long bristles; tarsi slightly imbricated, iiind tarsi shorter than the 4tli anten-
nal joint.

Jjcngth of Iwdy-about 1.3 mm. Auteunn-about 0,7 mm.

Fore wing-about 2.7 mm.

84 K. Takaliaslii

Host.-Bmnbusa tmna, Bamhusa stenostacki/a, Bambusa, specie.s, attackiug the
lower side, especially tlie basal part, of tlu^ loaf.

Distribution.-Formosa: Tailioku, Shiriu, Hori.

The nymphs of the wingless form are provided with well-developed wax-pores
distributed as in the adults, with the anal plate not bilobed and the cauda not
constricted as in the adults of Ceratoglyphrna. The young nympliS iiave very
long, slender, sharply pointed horns on the head as in 0. haonhusicola Takah. This
new Oreqma closely resembles 0. montane v. d. Goot, but differs from it in tlie
following characters :

(1) Winglers form never yellowish in the nymphal or adult stage.

(2) Wingless form provided with wax-pores on the head.

(3) The 3rd antennal joint of tlie wingless form almost as long as the
4th.

(4) Winged adult with tlie horns on tlio head almost lacking.

Since the publication of the results of my observations on the species (Aphi-
didae of rormosa-2, p. 144), some wingless and a winged viviparous females have
been collected in October and November near Taihoku.

Oregma koshunensis n. sp.

(Pl.X,B,fig.8)
Wingless viviparous female.

Almost black, slightly covered with powder and with a sliglit purplish tinge.
Antennae and legs almost yellowish brown. Body oval, not depressed. Head
fused with the protliorax, with some rather long hairs. Eyes composed of 3 facets.
Horns stout, broadest at the base, tapering, with the apex sliarply pointed, curved
upward, longer than the 1st antennal joint, somewhat sliorter than the 4tli antennal
joint. Antennae very short, rather stout, 4-jointed, with a few long hairs; tho let
joint much stouter than the 2nd; the 3rd narrowed on the basal portion, with the
apical sensoriura very small; tlie 4th almost as long as the 1st and 2nd takea toge-
ther; the relative length of joints about as follows : III-28, IV-20. Rostrum very
stout, nearly reaching the middle coxae. Al)domen with some rather long hairs on
the doi-sum. Cornicles not large, somewiiat protiilierant, not situated on hairy cones,
with the apex as large as or a little larger in diameter tlian the wax-pore on the
dorsum of the abdomen. Cauda much wider than long, the cornicle and the lobe of
the anal plate, constricted at the base, with some very long bristles. Anal plate
deeply lilobcd, with some very long bristles. Legs rather stout; tibiae much stouter

Aphididae of Formasa.— 3. S6

than the antenna, with some long hairs, front tibiae almost as long as, or sliglitly
longer (/han, the antenna; ta*si not imbricated a little longer thai* the 3rd antennal
joint. Well-develtiped wax-pofes that are not very large, circular or suljcircnlar
in shape, distributed as in Oregma inontcaia v. d. Goot, the number in each glSjUp
about as follows :

(a) Dorsal wax-pores: liead 0, prothorax-3 li^, mesothorax-9 11, meta-

thorax-3"-'-5, the 1st abdominal srgmont-1 3, the 2nd and' 3rd-2- 4, the 4th-i

5, tlie 5th 2, the 6th-0 1, the 7th-0; the Sth-? 7 in a group at the

uiiddle. S

(ib) Lateral wax-pores: head 0, prothorax 2, mesothorax-0 2, meta-

thorax-o 3, the 1st abdominal segment! 3, the 2nd-2 (J, bha 3rd-2 6, the

4th-4 8, the 5th-2 7, the 6th-4 9, the 7th-2 4.

In specimens trea'.ed with caustic pofeish, (he head appears bittwnish ai^
many brownish patches are visible on the dorsum of the body, while numerous very
small poorly-developed wax-pores which are r-ather irregular in shape, are scrtteretl
over the dorsum as in Oregma hambusicola Takah.
Length of body-about 1.84 mm.

WoHt.-Bamhusa sp., attacking the shoot.

Distribution.-Formosa: Kusukusu, Koshun.

Many viviparous females grouping densely on the shoots were observed on
November 24, 11)23, at Kusukiisu, when no wingod forms were discovered. This
aphis dift'crs from the original descri])tion of Orr'/ma vtontaiwi v. d. Goot in the follow-
ing characters: (1) Never yellowish. (2), Horns on the head longer. (.3)
Abdomen provided with some hairs.

This new Oregma is also very closely allied to (h pneudomontama n. sp., ditter-
ing from it, however, in the following characters: (l);Body not depressed. (2)
Horns on tlie head largisr. (3) Head without well-developed wax-pores. (4)
Wax-pores on the body smaller. (5) Wax-pores on the thorax much smaller than
those on the doraum of the abdomen. In 0. pseutlvmonkina n. sp., these arc equal
in sine. (6) Wax-])orcs on the Sth abdominal segment usually fe\\'er iu number.
( 7 ) Legs stouter,

Oregma bambusifoliae Takah.
(PI. VIIT, A, figs. 2-8)

Ai^liididae of Formosa-!, p. 87 (1921) and Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 143
(1923).

86 E- Takahashi

Nymph uf viviparous female.
The winged viviparous female, like most Apliididae, shows four nymphal
instars, but in tlie nymitii of the wingless form only three instars are to Ix; distin-
guished,

(Wiuged form)
Key to instars.
(1 ) Antennae 4-joiuted (2)

Antennae 5-jointed , (3)

( 2 ) The 3rd untennal joint as long as tlie 4th; iiorns on the liead

Romewiiat pointed at the apex; cornicles absent The 1st instar.

:- The 3rd antenual joint a little longer than tlie 4th; liorns

ratlier rounded at the apex; cornicles present Tlie 2ud instar.

( 3 ) The 3rd antenual joint almost as long as tlie 5th; wing-p;ids

, not well developed The 3rd instar.

The 3rd antennal joint longer than the 5ih; wing-pads well-
developed The 4th iuwtar.

(The first instar) Yellowish greeu, with a pair of indistinct longitudinal
greenish patches on the dorsum. Aatenriae almost colourless or pale greenish, w'lth
the last joint sliglitly dusky. Eyes almost dusky. Legs pale greenish, slightly
dusky on the apices. Body wide, rather flat, only slightly dusted with powder.
Wax-pores well-develoiicd as in the wingless adult, rather large, somewhat transve-
rsely narrowed, distributed as in Oretjma insularis v. d. Goot. Head fused with the
prothorax, provided with 2 or 3 wax -pores near the eye, and with a few very long
bristles which are shorter than tlie horns on the head. Horns large, with the apex
somewhat sharply pointed, gradually expanded toward the base, somewhat curved
upwards, almost as long as the basal two antennal joints taken together. Eyes
. composed of 3 facets.

Antennae short, almost as stout as the horn at the base, slightly more slender
than the tibia, 4-jointed, jirovided with a few long bristles; the 3rd joint with a
. small circular sensorium at the ajiex; the 4th somewhat imbricated, longer than the
lasal two joints taken together; the relative length of joints about as follows: 1 +
II-I6, ni-21, IV-21. Rostrum stout, reaching a little beyond tlu middle coxae.
Thoracic and the basal 8 abdominal segnjents each provided with a group of wax-
pOres on the side; each group composed of 4 or 5 wax-;)ores arranged in a single
longitudinal row. Abdomen with a few long bristles. Cornicles not visible.

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. g^

Cauda not distinct. Anal plate not bilobed. Logs rather large, provided witli
some long bristles; hind tibiae longer than the antenna; tarsi slightly imbricated,
l>rovided with 4 extremely long slightly knobbed hairs; hind tarsi almost as long as
the 4tli antennal joint.

Length of body about 0.65 mm.

(The second instar) Diilera from the 1st instar in the following points:

(1) The 3rd antennal joint longer than the 4th.

(2) Horns on the head rounded at the ajiex.

(3) Hind tarsi shorter than the 3rd antennal joint.

(4) Cornicles present, situated on cones which are provided witii hairs.
Tlie relative length of antennal joints about as follows: III-30, IV-24.
(The third instar) Differs from the 4th instar in the following characters:

(1) The 3rd antennal joint almost as long as the 5th. .

(2) Wing-pads not well developed; meso-and metathoraccs somewhat
jirotruding on the sides. : . ' . . ^

(3) Eyes composed of ,3 facets; eyes of the adult not visible,

(4) Body shorter, measuring about 1.6 mm. in length.

The relative length of antennal joints about as follows: 10-30, IV-15, V-28.

(The fourth instar) Yellowish green to almost yellow, with a pair of longi-
tudinal green patclies on the dorsum, which are interrupted at midlength. Anten- '
nae ]iale greenish. Eyes brownish. Wing-pads pale yellow. Legs pale green,
('ornicles and eauda conoolonrous with tlie body. Head without wax pores, fused
with tlie pronotum, tlie dorsal surface with a few long bristles wliich are shorter
than the horns. Frontal tubercles lacking as in other instars. Eyes not protrnd- -
iug, with the ocular tubercles very small. Horns long, much more slender than
tlie antenna, very slightly expanded toward the base, almost as long as the basal
two antennal joints taken together, the apex rounded. i

Antennae very stout, stouter tiian the tibia, 5-jointed, with a few rather long
bristles; the 4th joint almost as long as the basal two joints taken together, with. the '
sensorium circular and very small; the 5th slightly imbricated on the apical '
portion; the relative leugtli of joints about as follows; III-50, IV-25, V-30.
Rostrum short, reaching beyond the front coxae. Thorax without wax -pores, meso-
thorax large, with the wing-pads well-developed. Abdomen with a few long bris-
tles, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, Uh, 6tli, 7tli, anil 8th segments eacli provided with 5-7
small wax-pores, which are circular or oval, arranged in a row on either side.

88 E. Takaliarfii

Cornioles on liairy oones, large, of Latdinid-aiipcarance, eaoli fiouo being
provided witii from 10-14 long bristles. Cauda very sliort, not coustritited, pro-
vided with some bristles. Anal plate not bilolcd. Legs slender, tibiae ]>rovided
with some very long bristles; tarsi not imbricated: liind tarsi almost as long rs the
4th antennal joint.

Length of lx)dy-al)o«t 2.0 mm.

(Wingless form)
Key to instare.

( 1 ) The 3rd antennal joint almost as long as the 4th (2)

The 3rd antennal joint muoh longer than the 4tli The 3rd instar.

( 2 ) Horns on tlie head ratlier pointed at the apex The 1st instar.

^ Horns rather rounded at tlie tip The 2nd instar.

The Ist instar is like tliat of the winge<l form. The 2nd: Body largor, witli
the liornB on tlie head rather rounded at the tip; the 3rd antennal joint almost as
long as, or very slightly longer than, the 4th. The 3rd or full grown nymph:
Body larger; horn? longer than those of tlie 2nd instar, with the apox roiuidod as in
tlie adnlt; tlie ?rd antennal joint much longer tlian the 4tli.
WiugU«B viviiMirous female (adult ).
A-Dtennae 4 or 5-jointed. Cornieles situated on cones which arc provided
wjtii alwut 12 long bristlrs.

In Oregmo bamhimcola Takali., the horns on the Iiead of the young nymph
are much longer than those of the adult of the wingless viviparous female, but in
0. hrnnhmtfoliae Talvah., thoge of the nymph ere shorter tlian those of the wingless
adult.

In Q. hambusi/ol'iae Takali., as in other sjwcies of Ch'cgiim, the horns of the
winged adult are much snmller than those of the nymiih. These descriptions were
made from specimens collected in April and May, 1923, near Taihoku.

The cornicles of O. hamhnsicola Takah., O. pmiicola Tokah., 0. nwutmia v. d.
Goot, 0. hmif/ern Zohnt. and 0. oricntalix Takah. are not situated on hairy cones,
uiilike those of 0. hamhunifoUae Takah. Many wingless viviparous females of
0, ba7)ihmi/oli'ae were observed in November 1923, at Kuraru, Kosluin, Heko and
Ki^an, Formosa.

Or^ma formosana n. sp.

(PI. X, B, figs. 9-10)
Wingless viviparous female

Aphididae of Formosa.— 3. 89

Pale green, witli the modian area of the dorsum dark green. Body wide,
somewhat eonvex on the dorsum, sparsely dusted with powder. Head fused with
tlie prothorax, provided Avitli a few very long hairs. Eyes composed of 3 facets.
Horns long, rounded at the apex, vei-y slightly dilated towards the base, almost as
stout as, or slightly stouter than, the 3rd antennal joint, not curved upward, almost
as long as the 1st and 2nd antennal joints taken together. Antennae rather slender,
4-jointed, with a few rather long hairs; the 3rd joint with the apical sensorium very
small; the 4th a little longer than the 1st and 2nd taken together; the relative
length of joints about as follows: III-32, IV-23 (10+4). Rostrum very short,
reaching beyond the front coxae. Thorax and abdomen provided with some long
hairs. Abdomen wide. Cornicles rather large, situated on the shallow cones which
are provided with somi; long hairs, the diameter much larger than the wax-pore.
Cauda rather small, almost as wide as the lobe of the anal plate, slightly constricted
at the base.

Anal plate bilobed, with some long bristles. Legs provided with rather sparse
long fine hairs; tibiae stouter than the 3rd antennal joint; hind femora almost as
long as the antenna; hind tarsi very slightly shorter than the 4th antennal joint.
Wox-pores circular, subcircular or oval, not very large, arranged in a row on the
side of each segment as in 0. inmlarh v. d. Goot; the number in a single row is

about as follows: head-3 5, prothorax -3, meso-and met:ithorax-3 4; the Ist

abdominal segment-4, the 2nd abd. seg.-5 6, the 3rd, 4th and Stli abd. segs. each-

4 5, the 6th, 7th and 8th abd. segs. each.-3 4

Length of body.-about 1.6 mm.

Ho8t.-7)(7K/;'ocatert«.s latiffovus, attacking the leaf.

Distribution.-Formosa.

A few wingless viviparous females were collected by the author on December
2, 1923. This apliis is very closely related to O. inmkms v. d. Goot and OMriatn
V. d. Goot, but differs from them in tlie antennal structure.

Oregma oplismeni n. sp.

(PI. X,B, figs. 6-7)
Wingless viviparous female.

Blackish purjile. Body broad, somewhat depressed, densely dusted with powder,
as in 0. lanigcra Zehnt. Head fused with the prothoi'ax, with some very long fine
hairs. Eyes composed of 3 facets. Horns large, rather stout, broadest at the base,
tai)ering, with the apex sharply pointed, scarcely curved upward, about twice as

90 K- Takahashi

long as wide at the base, almost as long as tlic 4t]i antennal joint. Antennae very
short, 4-jointerl, witli a few long hairs; the orcl joint moderately expanded toward
the apex, witli the apical sensorinm quite small; tlie 4th almost as long as the basal
two joints taken together; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-17, 1 V-15.
Rostrum quite siiort, reaching beyond the front caxae. Abdomen wide, with some
ratlier long liairs. Cornicles very short. Cauda much M'ider than long, wider than
tlie lobe of the anal plate, constricted at the base, provided with some long bristles.
Anal plate bilobed, with some long bristles. TjCgs furnished with some moderate or
very long fine hairs; tibiae stouter than the antenna; front tibiae a little longer than
the antenna; tarsi not imbricated; Iiind tarsi longer than the 3rd antennal joint.
"Wax pores well-dcvelo]ied, large, circidar or subcircular, distributed as in 0. l<inif/crn
Zahnt. Head between the eyes witli two groujis of wax-pores, each group contain-
ing about 6 jwres. Each thoracic and abdominal segment (from the 1st to the 7th)
witli about 8-10 wax-pores in a circular group on the sides; the 8tli abdominal
segment witli numerous (about 20 ?) wax-pores in a group at the middle of tlie
dorsum.

Length of body-about 1 .5 mm.

Hont.-Oplmnenuii compotiifut^, attacking the leaf.

Distribution.-Formosa : Kuraru, Koshun,

A few wingless forni'^ were collected by the author on November 10, 1923.

This ajdiis differs from O. oricntaU.-< Takah. (Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 52)
in tlie following characters:

(1) Head provided witli wax-jwres.

(2) Horns larger.

(3) Antennae shorter, 4-jointed, the 4th joint very sligiitly shorter than the
3rd.

In 0. orinila/is Takah., the 3rd antennal joint is sometimes divided, though
not distinctly so, and the relative length of tlie 3rd and 4th joints is about 28: 20.
0. nplhmcni is easily distinguishable from 0. Inrdgcra Zehnt. by the colour of tlie
body, as well as by the stouter horns on the head.

Cerataphis formosanus n. sp.

(Pl.X,B,fig.3)

Wingless viviparous female.

Black, with white secretions along tiie whole margin of the body. Head fused

with the protliorax, ou the lower side with a pair of very small tubercles

Aphididae of Formosa.— 3. 91

between the antennae and witli a few rather long fine hairs. Eyes eomposed of 3
facets. Horns rather stout, nearly finger-like in shape, with the apex rounded,
almost united at tlieir bases, al out as long as tlie 2nd antennal joint. Anten-
nae 4-jointed, provided with a few rather long hairs; tlie 3rd joint sonietinaes with
an indistinct constriction, with the apical sensorium quite small; the 4th about as
long aa the basal two joints taken together; the relative length of joints about as
follows: III-32, IV-29 (18 + 11). Rostrum very stout, reaching the middle coxae.
Thorax and abdomen well defined. Abdomen provided witli a few hairs. Cornicles
much larger than the wax-pore, sliglitly protuberant. Cauda wider than long, narrow-
er than the lobe of the anal plate, constricted at the base, furnished with some
very long bristles. Anal plate bilobed, with some very long bristles. Tibiae stouter
than the 3rd antennal joint, furnished with tome moderate to rather long hairs; hind
tibiae sliglitly longer than the antenna; hind tarsi as long as or slightly shorter than
the 4th antennal joint. Wax-pores oval, arranged in a single row along the whole
margin of the body, about 240 in number.

Length of body-about 2.1 mm. Width of body-about 1.4 mm.

Host.-Cbco.s up., attacking the young leaf.

Distribution. -Formosa: Kuraru, Koshuu.

Some wingless forms were collected by the author on November 20, 1923.

This aphis differs from C lalancac Boisd. in the following characters:

( 1 ) Body larger, provided with more wax-pores.

(2) Horns on the head almost united at their bases, nearly finger-like in
shape, with the apex rounded, almost as long as tlie 2ud antennal j(>iut.

(3) Rostrum longer, reaching the middle coxae.

Cerataphis lataneae Boisd.

Aphididae of Formosa-1, p. 91 (1921); Aphididae of Formosa-2, pi. IV, B,
fig. 1 (1923).

Nymph.

(The fii-st instar). Body not hard, rather flat, almost twice as long as wide.
Wax-pores circular, protuberant, arranged in a single row along the whole margin
of the body as in the adult of the wingless viviparous female. Head fused with the
prothorax, provided with a few short hairs on tlie dorsal surface and a pair of very
long bristles, which arc much longer than the horns, between the ant(!nnae on the
lower side. Horns rather stout, almost as long as the 1st antennal joint, sharply
pointed, expanded toward the base. Eyes of 3 facets. Antennae short, 4-jointed,

92 K. Takahaslii

with a few rather long bristles; the 1st joiut larger than tlie 2u(l; the Srd
a little longer than the 1st and 2n(l joints taken together, with a very small apical
sensoriixm; the 4th somewhat imbricated; the relative length of joints as follows:
III-18, IV-18 (949). Eostrum reaching the hind coxae. Body without horns.
Mcso-aud metathoracic segments much larger than the abdominal segment, with 2
bristles on either side. Abdominal segments defined, with a bristle on either side.
Cornicles absent? Cauda not distinct. Anal plate not bilobed. Legs rather large;
furnished with a few very long bristles; tibiae stouter than the antenna; hind tibiae
shorter than the antenna; tarsi provided with a lew very long bristles; hind tarsi a
little shorter than the 3rd antennal joiut.
Length of body- about 0.65 mm.

Astegopteryx styracicola Takah.
(PI. VI, A, figs. 1-2)
Aphididac of Formosa-1, p. 94 (1921 ) and ibid.-2, pp. 53 and 146 ( 1923).

Wingless viviparous female in the gall.
Yellowisli brown. Eyes black. Antennae and legs almost colourless. Eody
In-oad and rather flat, slighty covered with powder. Head provided with some
very short setae. Eyes very small, composed of 3 facets. Antennae 5-jointed; the
3rd, 4th and 5th joints slightly imbricated, with a few rather long bristles; senso-
riunx very small, somewhat protuberant; the relative length of joints as follows :
1-7, II-7, III-14, IV-9, V-14. Eostrum almost reaching the middle coxae. Wax-
pores not develo]>ed. Abdomen provided with some bristles. Cornicles very short.
Cauda short, broadly rounded, not constricted at the base. Anal plate not bilobed.
Legs provided with some long bristles; hind tarsi longer than the 3rd antennal
joint. Stigma somewhat protuberant.

Length of body-about 0.85 mm. Antenna -about 0.24 mm.

Winged viviparous female.
Head, eyes, antennae and thorax black. Abdomen black, somewhat greenish.
Wings almost hyaline; stigma greenish gray; veins gray. Legs dusky.
Nymph (the 2nd instar?) in the gall.
Body narrow, provided with many very long bristles, which are longer than
tlie 3rd antennal joint. Head not fused with the prothorax, provided on the front
with 4 spine-like setae which are shorter than the 1st antennal joint. Eyes small, of
3 facets. Antennae short, with a few hairs, 4-jointed, sometimes 5-jointed; in the
4-joiuted antennae the 3rd joint almost as long as the basal 2 joints taken together,

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 93

with a pmall sensorium; the 4th almost as long as the 3rd. Lateral and dorsal tulxsr-
cles absent. Wax-pores not developed. Rostrum reaching the hind coxae.
Cornicles large, of lachnid- appearance, provided with about 4 very long bristles.
Cauda not distinct. Anal plate not bilobed. Legs slender, with a few long bristles;
hind tibiae longer than the antenna; tarsi very long, with 2 rather long slightly
knobbed hairs on the tip; hind tarsi longer than the 3rd antennal joint, almost as
long as the bristle on the body; claws very long.
Length of body-about 0.8 mm.

Full-grown nymph of winged viviparous female.
(in the gall).
Dark yellowish brown, slightly covered with powder. Body oblong, with a
few rather long hairs. Wax-pores not developed. Head not fused with the pro-
thorax, with 4 very short setae on the front. Eyes large, with ocular tubercles.
Antennae short, stout, somewhat curved, not imbricated, 5-ioiuted, with a few
moderately long hairs; the 4th joint almost as long as the basal 2 joiuts taken
together, -with a small apical sensorium; the relative length of joints as follows:
III-37, lV-17, V-19. Tubercles lacking. Cornicles very sjiort, much wider tlian
long, not on cones. Cauda short, broadly rounded, not constricted. Anal plate not
bilobed. liCgs moderately long, not stont, with some moderately long hairs; hind
tibiae somewhat shorter and more slender than the antennae; tarsi long; hind tarsi
longer than the 5tli antennal joint; claws long.
Length of body-about 1.65 mm.

Many wingless viviparous females and nymphs of the winged form were ol)serv-
ed in the galls on December 21, 1922, at Toseikaku, Taichyu, Formosa. Many
winged adults, which were probably sexuparae, emerged a few days later. The gall is
very large and prominent, measuring about 55-80 mm. in diameter, almost globular
in appearance, but is composed of numerous pale greenish branches, aud the outer
surface is completely covered with a white jiowder, which is probably secreted by
the aphids. The aphids are found among the branches in the gall. This aphis is
sometimes not rare in some mountainous regions in Formosa.
Astegopteryx styracophila Karsch.
Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. o4 (1923).

Full-grown nymph of winged viviparous female,
(in the gall).
Body oblong, somewhat covered with powder. Wax-pores not developed.

94 B. Takahashi

Head not fused witli the prothorax, provided with many vei-y short setae ou
the front, without Iiorns. Eyes large, with ocular tubercles. Antennae short, stout,
somewhat curved, 5-jointed, not imbricated, with a few bristles; the 4th joint with
a very small apical sensorium; the relative length of joints as follows: III-38, IV-
17, V-25. Ixostrum short, not reaching the middle coxae. Tliorax and alidomen
with a, few moderately long bristles. Cornicles very sliort, mucli wider than long,
scarcely on cones. Cauda short and stout, not constricted. Anal plate not bilobed.
Femora somewhat stouter than the antenna; tibiae a little more slender than the
antenna, i^rovided with many rather long bristles; hind tibiae almost as long as or
slightly longer than the antenna; hind tarsi somewhat longer than the 4th antennal
joint.

Length of body-about 1.3 mm.

Astegopteryx quercicola Takali.

(PL IV, A, tigs. G-11 and PI. IV, B, tigs. 1-3 and PI. V, A, figs. G-7).

Aphididae of Fosmosa-1, p. 93 (1921) and ibid.-2, p. 147 (1923).
Nymph of viviparous female.

In the winged form four nymx^hal instars are distinguished, as in many species
of Apliididae, but in the wingless form only three nymphal instars are to be found.
Full-groM'n nymph of winged viviparous female.

Orange yellow. Eyes dark reddish brown. Antennae and legs dusky.
^Ving-pads pale yellow. Cauda yellow. Body somewhat flat, soft, lacking hairs,
densely covered with wliito cottony secretions. Wax-pores well developed, protu-
berant, circular, of medium or very small size; these pores in a group quite nume-
rous, those in tiie center of the group mucli larger. Eyes not distinct, nor protu-
berant, composed of about 17 facets, of which 3 are much larger. Head ratlier small,
almost fused witli tlie prothorax, tlie dorsal surface provided with large groups of
wax-pores arranged in two pairs, of which the hind pair is much larger. Antennae
very stout, somewhat curved, without hairs; 5-jointed; the 4th joint with an extre-
mely minute sensorium at the ti\); tlie 5th furnished with a few long bristles at the
apex; the relative length of joints as follows: III-45, IV-20, V-28. Rostrum very
short, reaching the front coxae. Pronotum on the dorsum provided with 4 large
groups of wax-pores, of which the outer ones are quite large, the largest of the groups
of wax-pores on the body. Mesothorax larger than other thoracic segments. Meso-
and iiietatlioraces and each abdominal segment (1-5) provided with 4 large groups
of wax-pores on the dorsum, but the Cth and 7th abdominal segments eaeJi with 3

Aphididafi of Formosa. — 3. 95

such groups; these groups of wax-pores transversely oval or narrowed in shape.
Cornicles represented almost as more pores. Cauda much wider tlian long, rounded,
not constricted at the liase, without hairs. Anal plate not bilobed. Legs rather
sliort, almost as stout as, or a little more slender than, the antenna, provided with
but 2 or 3 very long liristlcs near tiie apices of tibiae; tarsi very sliort, sliortcr than
the 4th antennal joint, provided with a few very long bristles.

Length of body-about 1.0 mm. Antouna-about 0.5 mm.

Nymph [the first instar) of winged viviparous female.
Yellow. Eyes almost black. Antennae slightly dusky. Legs almost colourless.
Body oval, almost 2.8 times as long as the antenna, rather ilat, without hairs,
covered with some wliite secretions; the segments not well-defined. Wax-pores
well-developed, numerous, circular, very small and of the same size, distributed
almost as in the grown nymph of the winged form. Head fused with the prothoax.
Eyes very small, composed of 3 facets. Antennae not stout, more slender than the
leg, 3 or 4-jointcd, imbricated; the 1st joint almost as large as the 2nd, provided
with a moderately long bristle; tiie 3rd almost as long as, or very slightly longer
than, the 4th, with a very small apical sensor ium, without hairs, the 4th almost as
long as the basal two jonts taken together, with a few very long bristles at the tip.
Rostrum reaching a little beyond the middle coxae. Cornicles absent. Cauda not
visible. Anal plate not bilolicd. Legs comparatively large, stout, tibiae slightly
imlticated, with a few moderately long bristles at the tip; hind tibiae a little shorter
than the 3rd and 4th antennal joints taken togetlier; tarsi provided with some very
long liairs.

Length of body-about 0.4 mm.

The antennae of the 2nd and the following instara (winged form) are very
stout, somewhat curved, not imbricated, and are ''-jointed, altliough the joints are not
well defined.

Nymph of wingless viviparous female.
(The first instar) Differs from tlie nympli (the 1st instar) of the winged
form in the following characters:

(1) Antennae somewhat shorter, usually 3-jointed; the 3rd joint about 2.5
times as long ae the basal two joints taken together.

(2) Body provided with many rather large, somewhat protuberant circular
wax-pores arranged in a single row along the whole margin of the body, but not on
the dorsum. Wax horizontally protruding from each pore on the margin of the
body and elongate in shape.

96 E. Takahashi

(The second instar) Differs from tlio 1st in the following characters:

( 1 ) Body slightly larger.

(2) Antennae very small, not imbricated, 2-jointed; the 1st joint as long as,
or somewhat larger than, the 2nd, tlie latter without hairs; sensoria not distinct.

(3) Legs much shorter; front and middle pairs of legs without tarsi or
distinct hairs; hind tarsi only one-joiutcd, without claws but with a few long hairs
which are scarcely capitate.

(The third instar) Differs from the 2nd in the following characters:

( 1 ) Body a little wider.

(2) Antennae much smaller, only one-jointed.

Wingless vipiparous female (abult).
Bl.ick. Body aleyrodiform, being cemented to the leaf, flat, almost circular
when seen from above, with the terminal part somewhat protruding, very hard,
lacking hairs and wax; the segments not defined. Antennae and eyes not visible.
Anal plate distinctly bilobed, provided with some very long bristles.
Length of body-about 0.9 mm.

Winged viviparous female (adult).
Head, eyes, antennae and thorax almost black. Abdomen dusky yellowish
brown. Wings slighty clouded along the 1st and 2nd obliques; stigma and veins
gray. Legs gray, darker on the distal halves of femora and the apices of tibiae.
Cauda yellowish brown. The morphological characters were described in the original
description.

Astegopteryx fici Takah.
(PI. IV, B, fig. 4, & PI. V, B, figs. 3-7)
Aphididae of rormosa-2, pp. 55 and 146 (1923).

Full-grown nymph of winged viviparous female.
Head, eyes, antennae, legs and wing-pads black. Thorax dark yellowish
l)rown. Abdomen blackisii or dark yellowish brown. Tubercles on the dorsal
surface black.

Body stout, provided with some very short blunt tubercles of peculiar form,
these furnished with from 1-3 very small tubercles and 2 or 3 very long bri^tles
arising from much smaller tubercles, on the dorsum, somewhat covered with a
powder. Wax-pores not develojied. Head and pronotum fused together. Head
rather small, provided with about 10 very long stout bristles on the dorsum and a
pair of blunt tubercles between the eyes; and sometimes with a pair of very small

Aphiilulae of Formosa.— 3. 97

groups of wax-pores (3 pores in a group) present at the middle of the dorsal surface.
Eyes not protruding, 3 facets on tiie hind margin much larger than other facets and
protruding. Antennae short, very stout, almost as stout as or more so than the legs,
curved lackwards along the side of the head, 5-jointed; tlie 1st joint provided with a
long bristle; tlie 2nd, 3rd and 4th without hairs; the 5th with a few long hairs on the
tip; sensoria extremely small; the relative length of joints as follows: 111-43, IV-16,
V-17. Rostrum stout, very short, reaching slightly beyond the hind margin of the
])rothorax. Pronotum provided with 4 tubercles. Mesothorax very large, provided
with some long bristles and witli 4 tubercles on the dorsum. Wing-pads rather
small. Metanotum with 4 tubercles. Abdomen with 6 tubercles on either side and
2 similar pairs at the middle of the dorsal surface. Cornicles very short, striate, of
lachnid-appearancc, without hairs. Cauda much wider than long, not constricted,
with a few rather short bristles. Anal plate not bilobed. Legs very stout, tibiae
provided with some or many very long bristles; tarsi stout, almost as long as the 5th
antennal joint, with some long bristle; claws very short.

Length of body-about 1.'^ mm. Antenna about 0.38 mm.

Grown nymph of wingless viviparous female.
Yellowish. Eody oval, somewhat flattened, very slightly covered with
a powder; the segments not defined; without tubercles, provided with 22 very long
liristles arising from very small tubercles along tiie whole margin, 5 short bristles on
the side of the terminal part and a few very short hairs on the dorsum. Eyes
small, composed of 3 facets. Antennae very short, almost as long as the bristle on
the margin of the body, 3-jointed, arising from the under side of the head. Head
and thorax provided witli a few ])airs of small groups of indistinct wax ))ores?
Cornicles absent. Cauda not distinct. Anal plate not bilobed. Legs very short;
hind tibiae provided with a few long bristles on the tip; tarsi 1 -jointed; hind tarsi
almost as long as the 3rd antennal joint, furnished with a few very long bristles.

Length of body-al out 0.6 mm.

Nymph (the Ist inslar)
Yellow. Head very sligJitly dusky. Eyes almost black. Antennae and legs
dusky. Body oval, ratJier flat, without tubercles or wax, almost twice as long as
wide, almost 3.4 times as long as the antenna, the segments ill-defined; the body
provided with 34 long stout hairs along the whole margiu, these almost as long as
tiie 3rd antennal joint, with 4 or 5 j)air3 of similar liairs on the middle of the dor-
sum. Eyes smill, of 3 facets. Antennae imbricated, arising ft-om the lower side

()S R- Takaliashi

of the frout, 4-jointecl, furnislied with a few bristles; tJie 3rd joint slightly longer
than the Ijasal 2 joints taken together, with a small apical protuberant sensor ium;
the 4th almost as long as the 3rd, ])rovided with a few very long bristles at the tip,
these almost as long as the 4ih antennal joint. Eostrum reaching the middle coxae.
Cornicles and cauda not visible. Anal plate not bilobed. Legs comparatively
large, stout, more so than the antenna; tibiae provided ^^■ith a few very long bristles
at the tip; hind tibiae almost as long as tlie 3rd and .4th antennal joints taken
together; tarsi furnished with a few very long bristles. Body about 0. 38 mm.

Many nymphs of the winged viviparous female were observed on iv'cw-s rehim
on December 23, 1922, and January 17, 1923, at Taihoku. The full grown nymph
of the winged form of A. fci Takah. resembles tliat of A. cit.'tpiJaicw Essig et Kuw,
in having tubercles on the abdomen.

Full grown nymph of winged form of ^1. cu.vpkl(tt(w Essig et Knw. : Body
stout, with some very long stout hairs, provided with numerous very small wax-
pores wliich are rather irregular in sliape and scattered over tlie dorsal surface as in
tlie apterous form of Oregma bamhtmieola Takah. Head and jn-onotuni not fused
togotlier. Antennae very stput, 5-jointed. Abdomen near tlie sides furnislied with
about 7 sliort stout blunt tubercles, from each of which a very long bristle arises.

Some wingless forms of A. fici Takah. \\ere S(!en on Fiem return on Noveni-
ber 27, 1923, at Shijukei, Koshun, Formosa.

Aleurodaphis blumeae v. d. Goot.

Aphididae of FiTmosa-l, p. 92 (1921); Aphididac of Formnsa 2, p. 150
(1923).

syn. Astegopteryx japonica, Takaliashi, Aphididae of Formo?a-2, p. G7 (1923).
Nymph of wingless viviparous female.

(The first instar) Pink. Eyes black. Antennae and legs almost colourless
to imle pinkish. Wax protruding from the wax-pores arranged around tlie whole
mirgin of the body.

Body ol)long, soft, about 2.7 times as long as the antenna, almost twice as long
as wide. Wax-pores smal', circular, somowliat protuberant, more than 10") in
number, arranged in a single row around the whole margin of tlie body, not pres'
ent on the dorsum.

Head large, without horns, fused witli tiie prothoriix, provided with a pair of
rather long bristles and 2 short hairs on the front. Frontal tubercles lacking. Eyes
small, of 3 facets which are larger than the wax-pore. Antennae short, 4-jointed;

Aphididae of Formosa.— 3. , 9^

tlie lasal 2 joints cacli proviilcd witli a moderately long b.air; tlie ?ril and 4tli
jirovided with minute spinulee; the 3rd with a ratlier short hair near the tip, the
sensoriura eireular and rather small; the 4th with a few hairs; the relative length
of joints as follows: III-15, IV-16. Rostrum slender, reaching beyond the hind
coxae. Abdomen provided with al)out 7 pairs of minute setae on tlie middle of
the dorsum, without tubercles. Cornicles almost reduced to }x)res, larger than
the facet, Cauda very sliort, broadly rounded, not constricted, provided with
a pair of long bristles. Anal plate not liilobed. Legs stout, stouter than the
antenna, provided with some very long bristles ou the distal halves of tibiae,
and the tarsi; tarsi provided with 2 very long knobbed hairs; hind tarsi almost
as long as the 3rd antcnnal joint.
Length of body-about 0..5 mm.

The fully-grown nymph is provided with 4-jointed antennae and wax-pores
arranged in a single row around the whole margin of the body, as in the first instar.

Some wingless viviparous females with the antennae 5-jointed were collected
ou B/mncn cliinensis on February 16, 1923, near Taihoku.

Many wingless viviparous females were observed on July 15, 1923, near
Taihoku. Some wingless ones were collected on November 26, 1923, at Kusukusu,
Koshun, Formosa.

Nurudea shiraii Mats.

Aphididae of Formosa-!, p. 95 (1921).

Numerous wingless viviparous females and their young were observed in a
gall ou lihus scmialaia on September 8, 1923, at Taihoku.

The winged adults appeared in the same gall two weeks later. The wingless
viviparous female is very small and distinctly convex on the dorsal surface, with
the eyes composed of 3 facets and the antennae very short, being 4-jointcd. The
mesonotum of the winged form is provided with a pair of wax-plates which were
erroneously described as being lacking in the previous paper.

Eriosoma clematicola "• s^p.

(PI. X, A, fig. 6)

AVinged viviparous female.

Almost black, with the abdomen slightly greenish. Head, eyes and antennae

black. Frontal tubercles lacking. Eyes large, with very small ocular tubercles.

Ocelli rutlicr large. Antennae very long, 6 jointed, without hairs; the 3rd joint

somewiiat stouter than tlie 4tli, provided vvitli about 40-45 very narrow annular

seusoria which almost completely encircle the segment and are regularly distributed

lOU K. Takahaslii

tlirougliont tlie wliole length of the segmeut; the 4th with from 13 to 14 similar
Bensoriii; the 5tii sliglitly more slender than the 4th, with about 18 similar
sensoria; the 6th with about 10 similar sensoria; the relative length of joints about
BS follows: III-170, IV-50, V-64, VI-45. Rostrum slender, reaching beyond the
hind coxae. Fore wings ample, the 1st oblique scarcely curved, the 2nd very
slightly curved, these two veins ai-ising quite close together; the 3rd obscured for
some distance at its base, once branched, the upper branch extending nearly to the
apex of the wing; stigmatie vein long, somewhat curved; hind wings with 2 diver-
gent obliques; hooklets 4. Abdomen rather broad, M'ithout wax-pores. Cornicles
on somewhat elevated tubercles whicli are furnished with a few long stout hairs.
Cauda very short, inconspicuous. Legs slender; tibiae more slender tiian the 3rd
antcnnal joint, with many moderately long setae; tarsi slender, not iinljricated;
liind tarsi as long as the 6th antennal joint.

Length of body about 2.7 mm. Antenna-about 1.6 mm.

Fore wing-about 3.5 mm.

Wingless viviparous female.
Brownish. Body provided with some long stout bristles. Head furnished
with 6 small groups of wax-pores between the antennae'and 4 similar groups arrang-
ed in a transverse row between the eyes. Each of these groups consisting of from
5-9 very small circular wax-pores. Eyes composed of 3 facets. Antennae long,
6 jointed, witii a few siiort setae; the 3rd joint the longest; the 5th much longer
tiiau the 4th, as long as the 6th, with a small circular seusorium near the tip.
Each thoracic and abdominal segment with 6 or more groups of very small wax-
pores arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum. Legs long, with some rather
long setae; hind tarsi a little longer than tJie 5th antennal joint.

Jjcngth of body about 3.0 mm.

The fully-grown nymphs of the winged form are brown in colour, and are
provided with some long stout bristles and well-developed wax pores in groups on
the dorsum of abdomen.

Rost.-Clematis fouriana, attacking the stem.
Distributiou.-Formosa : Kusukusu, Koshum.

The author found many winged females and their nymphs grouped quite
densely on the host on November 24, 1923. This aphis differs from other species
of KnoxoiiKi in having longer antennae, as M'ell as iu certain characters of the wax-
pores,

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. lOl

Certain Japanese Aphididae.

Macrosiphum esakii u. pp.

(ri.IX,B,Hgs. 5-7)
Wingless viviparous fumale.
Differs from 31. paaleriac Takah, (Aphididae of Formosa-1, p. 11) iu the
following characters:

(1 ) Shining black.

(2) Antennae provided with some moderately long slightly knobbed setae.
(In 31. pacdcriac, antennae witli some very sliort similar setae).

(3) Cornicles cylindriciil, more slender, expanded at the base, but not aKjut
the middle, imbricated.

(4) Body smaller, measuring about 2 mm. in length.

The cornicles are scarcely reticulated at the tip as iu 31. jxurhriac Takah.
Host. -Pacdcri a tomcntoxa.

A few wingless forms were collected by Mr. T. Estiki and the autiior at
.Ilakoiaki, near Fukuoka, Japan, on .June 2, 1923.

Macrosiphiun smilaceti n. sp.
^yingless viviparous female.
Shining red, with l)lack dorsal markings. Cornicles black. Cauda not black.
Apices of femora and tibiae, and tarsi black. Body in form as iu 3L romi' L.
Head on the dorsal surface provided with about 10 rather long normal setae. Fron-
tal tubercles large, very slightly convex on the inner side which is furnished with
2 setae. Antennae long and slender, with some moderately long stout setae which
are not capitate; the 3rd joint with 5 or 6 rather small circular sensoria iu a row
^' near the base; the 4th slightly imbricated, without sensoria; the relative length of
joints about as follows: IIM65, IV-HO, V-95, VI-208 (30 + 178). KoL^rum
reaching beyond the middle coxae. Abdomen with some moderate or rather long
normal setae on the dorsum. Cornicles cylindrical, very stout, moderately expan-
ded toward the base, not dilated at the base, somewhat curved, imbricated, not
reticulated, about 4 or 5 times as long as wide, longer than the 4th antennal joint,
about 1.5 times as long as the cauda. Cauda large, stout with about 3 pairs of long
lateral bristles. Legs long; tibiae siouter than the antenna, provided witli many
moderate or rather long stout setae which are not capitate; hind tarsi slightly longer
than the basal part of the last antennal joint.

i03 K- Takahashi

Length of botiy-aljout 2M iiini. Autenna-about 3.0 mm.
Coruicle-about 0.58 mm.

Winged vivij)arous fem^ilc.

Frontal tubercles largr, somewhat convex on tlie inner side. Antennae long
and slender, with some moderately long normal setae; the 3rd joint provided with
about 20 moderate or rather large somewhat protuberant circular sensoria arranged
almost in a row nearly over the whole length; the 4th somewhat imbricated, without
sensoria; the relative length of joints about as follows: III-180, IV-12o, V-105,
VI-230 (30 + 200). Eostrum reaching the middle coxae. Wings hyaline, with
normal veins. Abdomen with some moderate or rather long setae. Cornicles large,
stout, cylindrical, somewhat expanded toward the base, not dilated at tlie base, not
curved, imbricated, not reticulated, about twice as long as the cauda, about 5 or
more times as long as wide, almost as long as the 4th antennal joint. Cauda much
"longer than wide, gradually tapering, rather stout, with about 4 pairs of long lateral
bristles. Legs long and slender; tibiae somewhat stouter than the antenna, provided
with many rather long normal setae; hind tarsi a little longer than tlie basal part of
the last antennal joint.

Length of lx)dy-alx)ut 2.7 mm. Antenna about 3.5 mm.

Fore wing-about 4.0 mm? Cornicle-about 0.6 mm.

Host.-Smi/ax chinensiti.

Distributiou.-Japan: ToJ^yo, Oi in Gifu prefecture, Kyoto. One winged and
^ few wingless forms were collected by the autlior in June, 1923.
: This aphis can be easily distinguished from itL xmllncifoliac Takaii. (Aphi-

didae of Formosal, p. 12) by tlic nature of the cornicles which arc stouter and not
,retJQulated. 1

i!Ht)«^t!iL ,: Myzus rhois n. sp.

;.;«oI -Mifi'-: Wingless viviparous female.

-'■•«!' -'SlMning brown. Corni -Ics black. Antennae black, witJi tlie 3r<l joint brown-
5igh.,' Femora except tlie bases black, tibiae with black apices. Body oval. Eyes
•iaoderate in sm-. Front.d tubercles short, distinctly convex on the inner side.
Antennae rather stout, imbricated, almost witliout hairs; the 1st joint much larger
iM,n the 2ndj sliglitly convex on the inner side; the 3rd provided witli 1-3 small
'(^iWnW sensoria near the base; the 4tli witliout sensoria; the 5(ii \\i(ii tlie usual
seusorium rather small placed near the ti]»; tlie relative length of -joints alout as

Aphidldae of Formosa.— 3. J,OJi

follows: III-90, IV-GO, V-50, YI-125 (30+95). Rostrum reaching the niid.lle
coxae. Abdomen without tubercles, scarcely provided with setae. Cornicles very
stout, cylindrical, somewhat ex]>anded toward the lase, not dilated at the Ixise, sca-
rcely curved, somewhat imbricated, not reticulated, about 4 or slightly more times
as long as wide, almost as long as the 3rd antcnnal joint, about twice or slightly
more times as long as the cauda. Cauda very stout, longer than wide, tapering, with
the apex rounded, with 2 slight constrictions, furnished with 2 pairs of long lateral
bristles. , ^ ,y

Legs rather stout; tibiae stouter than the antenna, with many moderate or
rather long normal setae; hind tarsi almost as long as, or shorter than, the bvsal
part of the last antennal joint. ,.;„: j,^, i-;;..;,,;!

Length of body-about 1.7 mm. Antenna-about 1.8 mm, . !.,.•*'!

Cornicle about 0.4 mm. :■■. n-yi

Winged viviparous female, ..,i-'.^

Head on the dorsal surface furnished with about 10 very short scarcely knobr
bed 8etae. Frontal tubercles short, distinctly convex on the inner side. Antennae
slender, imbricated, without distinct hairs; the 3rd joint provided with 9-11 small
to rather large circular sensoria arranged in a row almost over the whole length;
tlie 4th without sensoria; the relative length of Joints about as follows; III-80,. IVf
60, V-48, VI-140 (30 + 110;. .. i ...ioi

Rostrum reaching the middle coxae. Wings very slightly clouded along the
veins, with normal venation; veins very stout; hind wings with 2 almost parallel
obliques; booklets 2 or 3. Cornicles in shape as in the wingless form, but much
shorter, almost 4 times, as long as wide, imbricated, indistinctly reticulated on the
distal part, a little longer than the 4th antennal joint, almost twice as long as the
Cauda. Cauda smaller than that of the wingless form, tapering, witJi thej.ipei
rounded, provided with 2 pairs of long lateral bristles. Legs slender; tibine^pcoi-
vided with many moderately long normal setae; hind tarsi shorter than tiic Ixisal
part of the last antennal joint. : ■

Length of body about 1.9 mm. Antenna about 1.8 mm.

Fose wing-ahout 2.8 mm. Corniele-about 0.3 mm. r-.-

Jiost.-Iilnis vermcifera. . , , .'i.i iiiv/olSsii

Distribution. -Japan: Hakozaki near Fukuoka. =1.; ui,iiC!iU>i*-l .-JiuO''

Many viviparous females were collectwl by the author on Juiie .2, 198Sii li.iiv,'

Myzus sasakii Mats? ' .s i'.Aa si'»f.ioh(iA

104 E- TakahoHlii

Matsnmura, Jl. Coll. Agr. Sapporo, vii, G, p. 404 (1917); Takahashi, Aphi-
didae of Formosa, 2, p. 81 (1923).

Wingless viviparous female.

Black. Cornicles black. Body oval, cuvered with munerous minute granular
spinules on tlie dorsal surface. Head rather small, on the dorsal susfaec with a
few short slightly capitate setae, of which those on the front are somewhat longer.
Eyes moderate in size. Frontal tubercles moderately convex on tiie inner side, not
very large. Antennae much shorter than the body, rather stout, imbricated, with a
few short slightly capitate haiis; the 1st joint larger than the 2nd; the 3rd without
sensoria; the 5th with a rather large circular sensoriiim near the tip; tlie relative
length of joints about as follows: III-40, IV-20, V-18, VI-45 (lo + SO). Rostrum
reacliing the middle coxae. Dorsal and lateral tubercles lacking. Abdomen with a
few short slightly capitate setae arranged in a transverse row on the dorsum of each
segment. Cornicles short, stout, someA\hat curved, somewhat narrowed toward the
apex on the distal half or one-third, not or scarcely expanded at the base, about 3
or more times as long as wide, narrowest near the tij), two ov more times as long as
the Cauda, almost as long as or sliglitly longer tiian tiie 3rd antennal joint, imbri-
cated, not reticulated, with a few short scarcely capitate setae. Cauda stout, stouter
than the cornicle, almost as long as wide, tapering on the distal half, witii 3 pairs of
long lateral bristles. Legs long; tibiae stouter than the antenne, more slender than
the cornicle, with many not or scircoly knobbed setae; hind tarsi almost as long as
the Cauda.

Length of body-about 1. 4 mm. Antenna-about 0. 8 mm.

Winged viviparous female.

Head provided with many minute granular spinules and a few sliort scarcely
knobbed setae on the dorsal surface. Frontal tubercles short, somewhat convex on
the inner side. Antennae slender, with a few short scarcely knobbed setae; the 1st
joint larger than the 2nd; the 3rd provided with about 30-35 rather large circular
or oval sensoria scattered over the whole length; the 4th somewhat imbricated, with
about 8-15 similar sensoria scattered over the whole length; the 5th with 0-2 second-
ary sensoria, the apical sensorium large; the relative length of joints about as
follows: III-80, IV-40, V-30, VI-102 (22-}-80). Rostrum reaching the middle
coxae. Pronotum provided with many minute granular spinules. Wings hyaline,
with normal veins; hind wings with 2 somewhat divergent obliques; booklets 4.
Abdomen with many minute spinules and a few short setae. Cornicles short, cylin-

Aplildulap of Formosa. — 3. 105

(Irical, not curved, scarcely or slightly expanded toward the base, not expanded at
tlic luso, imbricated, not reticiditcd, about 3 or 4 times as long as wide, ,alx>nt 3 times
as long as the cauda, almost as long as the 4tli antennal joint, furnished witli a few
sliort scarcely knobbed setae. Cauda stout, almost as long as wide, iapering on the
distal half, with the apex rather pointed, with about 3 pairs of long lateral bri-
stles. Legs long and slender; tibiae almost as stout as the antenna, but much more
slender than the cornicle, with many long setae which are not knobbed; hind tarsi
as long as the cauda or the basal part of the last antennal joint.

Length of body-about 1.7 mm. Auteuna-about 1.4 mm.

Fore wing-about 2.4 mm.

Brachypterous viviparous female.
Differs from the wingless form in the following characters:

(1) Ocelli present, but much smaller than those of the macropterous form.

(2) The 3rd antennal joint provided with about 20 very small circular sen-
soria scattered over the whole length; the 4th with about 10 similar sensoria; the
5th Avith 2 similar ones and an apical larger sensorium.

(3) Mesothorax somewhat elongated, convex on the sides.

(4) Brachypterous.

(5) Length of body about 1.7 mm.

Body covered with many minute granidar spinules as in the wingless firm.

Only one specimen was collected.

Host.-Prumui Jonariu7n.

Distribution. -Japan (Tokyo, Oi in Gifu-prefecture), Formosa.

Many specimens were collected by the author in the rolled leaves of the host
on June 6, 1923, at Oi, Gifu-prefecture, Japan.

Neophorodon rubi Takaii.

Aphididae of Formosa-2, j.p. 17 and 84 (1923).
Wingless viviparous female.

Wliite. Eyes black. Antennae dusky, p.\ler at the base? Cornicles wiiite,
witli dusky tips? Cauda white. Body oval, provided with many long capitate
liairs, each arising from a very small tubercle on the dorsal surface, as in specimens
from Formosa. Frontal tubercles distinct, slightly convex on the inner side, which
is provided with 2 longer capitate hairs. Eyes distinctly protruding, with largo
ocular tubercles. Antennae slender, piovided with a few very sliort stout capitate
hairs; the 1st joint much larger tlian the 2nd, on tlie inner side with a arge

106 K. Takahaslii

projection which is almost as long as the 2ncl antennal joint, with 2 capitate
liairs at the apex; the 3rc] slightly inibi'icated on the distal portion, without senso-
ria; the 4th, 5th and 6th imhricated; the relative length of joints about as follows:
111-40, IV-27, V-30, VI-Tf) (20+55). Eostrum reaching beyond the middle
coxae? Capitate hairs on tlie abdomen as long as the 2nd antennal joint, but those
on the hind part of the abdomen iniuii longer. Cornicles long, as long as the 6th
■antennal joint (base and spur), moderately dilated on the distal lialf and at the base,
broadest at tlie base, not curved, scarcely imbricated, not reticulated. Cauda stout,
much sliorter than the cornicle. Legs long and slender, provided with many rather
long scarcely knolibed hairs; liind tarsi a little shorter tlian the base of the last
antennal joint.

Lengtli of body-about 1.0 mm. Antenna-about 1.0 mm.
Cornicle-about 0.3 mm.

Host.-unknown in Ja])an.

Uistribution.-Formosa, Japan.

A wingless viviparous, female was collected by tlie autlior on June 4, 1923, at
Kyoto, Japan. Hitherto unrecorded from Japan. Tlio Japanese specimen differs
somewhat from the Formosan specimens, but seems to belong to this species.
Myzus (?) polygoni (v. d. Goot).
(PI. IX, A, fig. 9 and B, figs. 1-2).

PI lorodon polygoni, van der Goot, C ntrib. Fauna Indcs Xeerland., 1, 3, j>.
44(1918).

'Rost. -Polygonum sp.

Distribution .-Japan: Tokyo, Kyoto. Java.

INIany wingless vivip.irous females were collected in June 1923. Hitherto
unrecorded from Japan.

The Japanese specimens agree almost exactly with the original description,
diSering from it, however, in the following characters:

(1) Yellow, cornicles yellow.

(2) The last antennal joint sliorter; the relative Icngtli of antennal joints
about as follows: III-85, IV-63, V-57, V- 128 (23-|-105).

(3) Rostrum shorter, reaching the middle coxae.

This aphis is not a typical 3Tyzufi and seems to represent a new genus, but tlie
author hesitates to propose a new generic name for it, since the winged form has
never been collected.

Apliididae of Formosa. — 3. • 107

Amphorophora indica van der Goot.

Hhopalofiiphinn indicum, vau der Goot, Records Ind. Mus., XII, pt, 1, no. 1,
p. 2 (1916) and Ibid. XIII, pt. IV, no. 1, p. 176 (1917); Essig and Knwana,
Proc, Califs Acad. Sc. 4tli series, viii, 3, p. 55 (1918).

Amplwrop/iora indinim, Takahaslii, Aphididae of Formosa-1, p. 28 (1921),
Japanese Apliididac-1, p. 21 (1921) and Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 87 (1923).

syn. Rluopalosipkum viiniatwn, Matsumura, Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist.
Soc, VIJ, pt. 1, p. 12 (1918).

li/iojialosiphuni liemcrocallidis, Matsumura, Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc.
VII, pt. 1, p. 12 (1918).

Ncdarosiphum mit.s-iibmii>fa>jii, Sliinji, Dolnitsugaku Zitssln', p. 308 (1923).

Many winged and wingless viviparous females were collected on Hemcrocallis
at Meguro, Tokyo, in June, 1923, by the author.

Fullawayella formosana Takah.

Aphididae of Formosa-1, p. 29 (1921) and xVphididae of Formosa-2, pp. 33
& 89 (1923).

Hosts.-iv/cojvs sanffuinea Maxim. ( Amaryllidaceac).
IJ/ium fidulomim. L. (Liliaceae).

Distribution. -Formosa; Japan: Tadono in Wakayama-prefecturc. Hitherto
unrecorded from Japan.

Mr. M. Kuris.iki collected this species on tlic hosts above mentioned on
May 5 and 6, 1920, at Tadono.

Pergandeidia thalictri (Mats.)

YrMi^iphum ihidktri, Matsumura, Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc, vii, pt.
1, p. 7 (April, 1918).

Aplufi tlmUdrU, Essig and Kuwana, Proc. California Acad. Sc, 4th series,
viii, 3, p. 78 (July, 1918).

HosL-Thalidrum minuji.

Distribution.-Japan: Tokyo, Sapporo, Kyoto.

Numerous viviparous females, both winged and wingless, were collected by the
author at Kyoto, on June 4, 1923.

This species is closely related to P. .<<pomlylu Koch (Pflanzenl. p. 17), but differs
from it in the auteuual structure. Tlic a[iliis is distinct from Bnu'liiicoliix t/nt/irlri
Koch.

108 ^- Takahashi

Cervaphis quercus Takali.
(PL VIll, B, lig^^. 6-8)

Dolmtsiigaku Zasslii (Zool. M:ig. Tokyo), xxx, No. 301, p. 458 (1'j18);
Aphidicke of Formosa-l, p. 69 (1921), Apliididac of Formosa-2, p, 118 (1923).

Diverosip/mm Icunugii, Shinji, Dobutsiigaku i&.?,sh\ (Zool. Mag. Tokyo), xxxiv,
No.407, p. 791 (1922).

Winged viviparous female.

Yellow. Head and thorax brownish. Eyes red. Antennae black. Abdomen
with a large brownish pateh and some brownish bands and spots on the dorsum.
Cornicles almost black.

(Colour notes from specimens preserved in alcohol). Body narrow. Head
provided with about 16 very short hairs, and a pair of horn like tubercles between
the antennae; the tubercles much siiortcr than the 1st antennal joint, much longer
than wide, rather sharply pointed, provided with a few very sliort stout setae which
are not pointed Eyes large, witii tlie ocular tubercles distinctly protruding as in
Grcenidcn. Front ocellus not visible from above. Frontal tubercles very sliort.
Antennae imliricated, sliort, 5-jointed, provided with a few moderately long stout
hairs; the 1st joint almost as long as the 2nd, convex on the inner side; tiie 3rd
almost as stout as the front tibia, provided with 5-9 mostly large protuberant circu-
lar sensoria arranged in a single row over tiie whole length; the 4th with only an
apical sensorium which is rather large, circular and not surrounded by hairs; the
relative length of joints about as follows: III-67, IV-43, V 65 (30 + 35).

Rostrum slender, almost reaching the middle legs. Prothorax provided witii
a small horn like tubercle, MJiich in shape and size is almost like those on tlie liead,
on the notum near the front angle, and a short stout blunt tubercle on either side
near the hind angle. A\'ing -veins rather stout; siibcosta on the front wing provided
witli aliout 10 minute sen?oria, Avithout hairs; the 1st oblique only slightly or sca-
rcely curved; the 2nd somewhat curved toward the base of the wing on the distal
part; the 3rd only once forked, obsolete at the base; stigmatic vein very slightly
curved, extending to the apex of the wing; hind wings with only one oblique; hook-
lets 2. Spiracles slightly protruding. Abdomen with 3 quite minute tubercles
which are provided with some tiny hairs on tiie sides, and with a pair of minute
horn-like tubercles, that are rather sharply pointed, at tlie middle of the dorsum
behind the cornicle, and with some very short setae on the dorsum. Cornicles very
long and blender, very slightly expanded ou the distal portion, somewhat expanded at

Aphididae vC Formosa. — 3. 1(J<J

the base, somcwliat curved, rather stouter than the liiiid tibia, imbricated through-
out except ou tiie basal portiou, not reticuhited, ahnost as long as the 3rd, 4th and
5th antennal joints taken togcth(!r, provided with a few rather long stout hairs on
the distal portion and with a few similar bairs distributed throughout the whole
length. Cauda wider than long, Licking a process, provided with many very long
hairs. Anal plate very short, rounded, provided with many long hairs. Legs
slender, with many rather k)ng setae on tlie tabia; hind tarsi shorter than the Ijase
of the last antennal joint.

Length of body-about 1.75 mm. Anteuna-about 1.0 mm.
Fore wing about 2.5 mm. C'ornicle-about 0.8 mm.

Fully grown nymph of winged viviparous female.
, Body provided with many branched projections as in the wingless form.

Eyes large, with ocular tubercles. Antennae short, 4-jointed; the relative lengtli of
joints about as follows: III 53, IV-43 (19-f-24). Cornicles longer than the projec-
tions on the body, imbricated, provided witii few liairs. Cauda with a process.

Many winged and wingless viviparous females were collected by the author on
the leaves of Qucrcas acrrala on June 20, 1923, at IMoguro, near Tokyo.

Calaphis magnolicolens Takah.

Japanese ApJiididae-l (publlsJied by the author), j). 27 (1021); ^^gj— ^
41-ft^^lrL I'- -■! ( 1921 ) ; Aphididac of Formosa-2, p. 125 ( 1 923 ).

Winged viviparous female.

M'liite or pale yellow. Eyes red. Antennae wJiite, with the apices of joints
dusky. Legs white, apices of tibiae and tarsi black. Wings hyaline, stigma color-
less, veins pale yellowish brown. Cornicles, cauda and al)dominal tulwrcles
white. Body oblong, soft, without w.ix. Head provided with a few long bristles.
Eyes rat'.er small, with small ocular tubercles. Frontal tubercles very short. Anten-
nae very long and slender, almost without hairs; the 1st joint much larger than
the 2nd; the 3rd more slender than the tibia, provided with from 8-15 circular or
subcireular sensoria of medium to large size arranged in a single row, mostly on the
basal half; the 4tli slightly striate, without sensoria; the relative length ot joints
about as follows: III-38, IV-24, V-23, VI-50 (7-f-43), Rostrum almost reaching
the middle coxae. Wings not narrow; stigma witli a few long bristles; the 3rd obli-
que twice forked, reaeliing the apex of the wing; hind wings with 2 divergent obli-
ques; booklets 2. Abdomen without distinct tubercles, provided with some long
bristles. Cornicles somewhat expanded toward the base longer than wide at mid-

1 10 K. TiikaliasLi

length, not rc'ticulatetl. Cuucla not constricteJ at the babo, provided with many long
bristles. Anal plate bilobed, but not deeply so, provided with some long bristles.
Legs very long and slender, with many long bristles; hind tarsi almost as long as
the basal part of the 6th antennal joint.

Length of body-about 2.5 mm. Antenna-about 3.0 mm.
Fore wing-about 3.0 mm.

Host- Magnolia hyjwleuca.

Distribution.- Japan (Tokyo).

Some winged viviparous females were eolleeted by tiie author in June, 1923,
at Tokyo.

Chromaphis carpinicola Takah.

Japanese Apl.ididae-1, p. 27 (1921); m^^--m\Vmmr.m , P- ^l (1921);
Aphididie of Formora-2, p. 126 (1923).

Winged viviparous female.

Dark brown. \\'ings almost dark brown. Body stout, ])rovidcd with many
long bristles. Head large, on the dorsal surface provided with about 16 long bristles
which are much longer than the 1st antennal joint. Eyes very large, with distinct
ocular tubercles. Ocelli rather small. Frontal tubercles lacking. Antennae slen-
der, sliorter than tlie body, provided with a few long bristles which ai'e much sho-
rter than those on the head, together with many minute spinules; tlie .3rd joint pro-
vided with from 10-13 very large oval to circular sensoria arranged in a single row
over almost the whole length; the 4tli witiiout sensorii; the relative length of joints
about as follows: ITI-73, IV-42, V-40, VI-33 (30 + 3). Kostrum not reacliing the
middle coxae. Wings rather narrow, imbricated; stigma with a few long bristles;
veins rather stout; tiie 1st and 2nd oljliques somewhat curved; the 3rd twice-forked;
stiginatic vein almost obsolete; hind wings with 2 slightly divergent obliques; hook-
lets 2 or 3. Abdomen with some very small blunt tul)ercles near the sides, the
dorsal ones almost lacking. Cornicles very small, much smaller than the cauda, and
much smaller tlian tiiose of the fully-grown nymph, almost as long as or wider than
long, sliglitly expanded at the base, not reticulated. Cauda globular, constricted at
tiie base, with some very long bristles. Anal plate bilobed, each lobe almost as wide
as tlie Cauda, provided with many very long bristles. Legs slender, with many long
bristles; til)iac stouter than tlie antenna; tarsi provided with many minute si>inules,
transparcut cmpodial Iiairs present; hind tarsi slightly shorter thiia tlie 6th antennal
joint.

Apli ididae of Formosa. — 3. Ill

Length of body-about 1.7 mm. A ntenua-about 1.1 mm.
Ft)re wing-about 2.5 mm.

Host. -Chrpinus sqip.

Distribution-Japan (Tokyo).

The fully-grown nymph of the winged form differs from the adult in the
following characters :

( 1 ) Body oval.

( 2 ) Hairs on the body much longer, stouter, each arising from a very
small tubercle.

( 3 ) Eyes smaller; ocelli absent.

( 4 ) Antennae shorter, stouter, without scnsoria on the 3rd antennal joint;
with a few very long stout bristles whidi are almost as long as those on the head.

( 5 ) Rostrum reaching beyond the middle coxae.

( 6 ) "Wings very short.

( 7 ) Abdomen without tubercles near the sides.

( 8 ) Cornicles much larger, expanded toward the base, constricted near the
tip, slightly longer than wide at midlength.

( 9 ) Cauda not constricted at tlie base, tapering, witli the a]iex rouniled,
provided with a few long liristles.

(10) Anal plate not bilobed.

(11) Legs shorter, stouter, with some much stouter bristles; hiud (arsi longer
than tlie 6th antennal joint.

Shivaphis celticolens (Essig et Kuw.)

Chronmphis celficolena, Essig and Kuwana, Proc. California Acad. Sc. 4th
series, VIII, 3, p. 95 (1918).

P/iyllapliis ccKicoIcnfi, Takahashi, Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. p. 195
(1919).

Shiraplds celticolen.«, Baker, Bull. U. S. Dept. Agr. no. 82'% ji. 24 (1920);
Takahashi, Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 130 (1923).

Bracliypterous viviparous female.

Differs from the macropterous Ibrm in the following eliaracters :

( 1 ) Ocelli rudimentary.

( 2 ) Thorax not well developed,

( 3 ) Wings very short.

The scpsoria on the 3rd antennal joint seem 1 1 bo fewer in numlier than those

112 R. Takaliatlu

of the macropterous form, since a specimnn of this form in my collection is provided
with only 3 sensoria on the 3rd anfennal joint. In the brachypteroiis form of
Myzocallis kurieola (Mats.) the ocelli are as well developed as are tliosc of the macro-
pterous form. S. cdficolaifi is quite closely allied to S. celti Das (Apliididae of Fnr-
mosa-1, p. 74 and ibid-2, p. 131) and it is almost impossible to distinguish them by
structural characters, but the former species difleis from the latter in the following
characters:

( 1 ) BrachypterouR forms appear very commonly in almost every genera-
tion.

( 2 ) Body more covered witli wax.

Xeophyllaphis podocarpi Takah.
(TI. IX, A, figs. 1-8)
Canad. Ent. p. 19 (1920); Aphididae of Forraosa-1, p. 77 (1921); Aphididao
of Formosa-2, p. 129 (1923).

pyn. il/mfZrtnwpof/ocfn-p/, Shinji, Dobutsugaku Zasshi (Zool. Mag. Tokyo)
i-xxiv no. 402, p. 532 (1922].

Winged male.
Colour almost as in the winged viviparous female. Head large, with a few
sliort hairs on the dorsal surface. Eyes largo, with tlie ocular tubercles distinctly
protuberant. Ocelli rather large. Frontal tubercles lacking. Antennae long, pro-
vided with many minnti spinulcs on the distal part of the 3rd joint, and on the 4tJi,
5th and 6th joints, together with a few short rather fine Iiairs; the 1st larger tlian
the 2nd; the 3rd rather stout, more so than the front tibia, furnished with about 80
small transversely narrowed sensoria, which are very sliglitly protuberant, irregu-
larly scattered over the entire length; the 4th almost as stout as the front tibia, pro-
vided witli about 25 oval sensoria, which are ratlier small and not protuberant,
scattered ever tlie whole lengtli; the 5th with about 15 similar sensoria and an apical
small circular one; the 6th with a few similar ones on the basal part; the relative
length of joints about as follews: III-lOO, IV-48, V--48, VI-42 (35 -f-7j. Rostrum
reaching beyond the hind coxae. Wings as in the female; sulicosta on the front wing
provided with 5 minute circular senporia in a single row at the base and about 5 very
small ones on the distal half, without hairs, as in the oviparous female. Abdomen
short, with a few hairs on the dorsum, without tubercles. Cornicles very short,
nuieli wider than long, as in the fcmak'. Cauda almost as in tlie winged viviparous
female, with about 3 lateral pairs of rather fine hairs.

Aphididap of Formnsa. — 3. \\^

Anal plate not ainuated. Claspers hairy. Legs slender, with some moderate
or rather long hairs on the tibiae; tarsi not imbrieated, with a few minute apinules;
hind tarsi shorter than the Imse of the last antennal joint. Basal part of penis
chitinized.

Length of body-about 1.4 mm- Antenna aljout 1.4 mm.
Fore wing-about 2.0 mm.

The male differe from tlic winged oviparous female in the following characters:

( 1 ) Body shorter, with the abdomen smaller.

( 2 ) Head eom]iaratively large.

( 3 ) Antennae longer; the 3rd joint slouter, shorter than the 4th, 5th and
6th taken together. (In the oviparous female the :?rd joint slender, almost as long
as the 4th, 5th and Ctii taken together).

( 4 ) Hind tarsi shorter than the base of the Inst antennal joint. (In the
oviparous female hind tarsi almost as long as the base of the last antennal joint).

( 5 ) Antennal sensoria transversely narrowed or oval, short, not encircling
the joints, present on the 3rd and succeeding joints. (In the oviparous female,
the sensoria encircle the joint and are present only on the 3rd joint, as in the
winged viviparous female).

( 6 ) Cauda in shape almost as in the viviparous female, not globular, and
much smaller.

( 7 ) Anal plftte not sinuated. (In the oviparous female the anal plate
almost bilobed, as in the; winged viviparous female).

( 8 ) Hind tibiae not dilated, without sensoria.

( 9 ) A pair of claspers present.

Winged oviparous female

Almost as in the winged viviparous female, differing. from it, however, in the
following characters :

( 1 ) Cuuda very large, almost globular, scarcely constricted at the base,
black, covered with white secretions, with a few short hairs on the dorsal surface.

( 2 ) Hind tibiae moderately dilated on the; basal half, provided with many
circular or oval sensoria that are mostly of medium size. ( In the winged vivipa-
rous female tlie hind tibiae slender, provided with 0-5 circular sensoria on the basal
half).

Length of body-about 1.8 mm. Antenna-about 1.15 mm.
Fore wing-about 2.5 mm.

114 B. Takaha«l.;

Daring copulation the oviparoui? female, upon the dorsum of which the male
cliiuba, usually holds her wings spread out. However, when copulation takes place
soon after the last moult of the female, as is sometimes the ease, her wings are car-
ried on the back, being not yet dried out, and are trod upon nnd broken by the
male. These females with broken wings arc not able to Hy.

Many sexual forms were collected by the author in June, 1923, at Meguro and
Ikegami, near Tokyo.

Patchia spiraeae n. sp. *

(PI. X, A, figs. 1-2)
Wingless vivijiarous female.

Body not elongate<^l, provided with many very long stout bristles each arising
from a very small tnlierele. Head very short, wide, the dorsal surface provided
with about 10 very long stout bristles. Eyes very small, with distinctly protubemnt
ocular tubercles. Frontal tubercles lacking. Antennae much shorter than the bods',
rather stout, 6-jointed, each joint furnished with a few- very long stout bristles which
are shorter than those on the Iwdy; the Ist joint larger than tk? 2nd, provided with
3or 4 long bristles; the 3rd not imbricated, without sonsoria, moderately narrowed
toward the liase, stouter than th(' front tibia, almost as long as the bristle on the
body, with about o very long liristles and a fi^w shorter ones mostly on the distal
half; the 4th almost as long as the 5th; the 5tli with a large circular apical sensorium
which is surrounded by a row of short haire; the 6th with a similar sensorium; the
elative length of joints about as follows: IU4'>, IV 21, V-22, Vl-^P, (15-fl8).
Rostrum rather slender, reaching the middle coxae. Body without prominent tuber-
rcles. Cornicles distinctly expanded toward the liase, constricted on the distal
portion, wider than long, not reticulated, almost as long as the Isisal j>art of the 6th
antennal joint, much shorter than the bristle on the Iwly. Anal plate moderately
bilobed, provided with one or more pairs of long bristles.

Cauda longer than wide, narrowed on the distal half, not constricted at the
base, with a pair of very long bristles. Legs rather slender; tibiae with many
rather long bristles; tarsi normal, longer than the base of the last antennal joint.
Jjength of body-about 2.0 mm. Antenna-about 0.7 mm.

lioat. -Spir(V(i cnnlonlni.vi.s (Rosaeeae).

Di8tribution.-<Ta}>an: Tadono in Wakayama-prefe<'ti]re.

A few wingless forms M'ere collected by Mr. M. Kurisaki on May 4,1920.

This aphis is the second species of the genus Palchin, which is new to japan.

Aphididae of Formosa. — ^3. 115

Pterochlorus roboris ( f.. )

Ijcwhnu.^ rohorix, Kaltenbaeli, Monog. PHanzeiil. p. 148 (1843).
jVph'iH roboris, Walker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2n(l HtiricH, II, p. 106 (1848).
Dryobiuji rultoris, Kocli, Pflanzeul. p. 226 (1857); Buckton, Monog. Br.
Aphid. Ill, p. 71 (1880).

Drilobiuj< criMdicus, Koch, Pflanzeul. p. 228 (1957); Buekton, Monog. Br.
Aphid. Ill, p. 74 (1880).

Plcmehlon^s roboris, van der Goot, licitr. Kenntnis Holand. Blaltl. ]). 414
(1915); Baker, U. S. Dept. Agr. Bull. 826, pi. II, S-U ( 1920); Swain,
Eutom. News, xxxu, p. 21 1 (1921 ).
Host.- Qi«'rci(.s doitata.
Distribution.-Japan : Oi in Gifn-prefeeture, Tokyo.

Enrope.
Hitherto unrecorded from Japan.

The Japanese sjjeeimens difter somewhat from tlie description of van der Goot
in the following characters :

( 1 ) All the legs of the viviparons female are black, with the tips and bases
of the femora brownish.

( 2 ) The 6th antennal joint of the viviparous female is shorter; the relative
length ot the antennal joints is about as follows: in tlie wingless form-III-188, IV-
77, V-74, VI 35; in the winged form-III-1 73, IV-80, V-76, VI-35.

The wingless viviparous female is provided with a small tubercle at the miikllc
of the dorsum of the abdomen.

Lachnus laricis (Walker)
Aphis laricis, Walker, Ann. Mag. Xat. Hist. 2nd series, vol. II, p. 102
(1848).

Lachnus laricis, Mordvilko, Horae Ent. Soe. Kossicae, XXXI, p. 666
(1898).

Lachnus lariciis, van der Goot, Beitragc Kenntnis Holand. Blattl. p. 399
(1915).

syn. Lachnm laricimliis, Matsumura, Jl. OjII. Agr. Sapporo, VII, pt. 6,
p. 380 (1917).

HoBt.-iorf'x sj).

Distribution.-Ja|>an: Sapporo, Abashiri, Monbetsu.
Europe.

116 E. Takiihashi

Some viviparous females, lx)th winged and wingless, were coUeeted by Mr. T.
Esaki at Abashiri, Hokkaido, on August 30, 1922. Some oviparous females and a
male were coUceted by Prof. Xiijima at Monbetsu, Hokkaido, on Novemlx;r 27,
1923.

Stomaphis yanonis Takah.

DobutHugaku Zassbi (Zool. IMag.), Tokyo, no. 359, p, :'.G9 (1918); Proe.
Knt. Soe. Washington, xxi, no. 7, j). 17G {l'.»19) and Apliididae of Formo8a-2,
p. 139 ( 19:23); Honda, Biol. Bull. XL, p. 350 ( 1921 ).

Host.-t <7f/.s sinemi.i.

Distribution. -Japan : Tokyo.

In the wingless viviparous femnlrs collected on June 15, 1923, at Meguro,
Tokyo, by the author, the following two forms were represented: ( 1 ) Body about
5mm. in length; the 3rd antennal joint ]>rovided witli 0-2 sensoria on tiie distal part,
the 4th with from 2-8 circular sensoria of various sizes arranged in a row over the
whole lengtli. ( 2 ) Body about 4mm. in length; the 3rd antennal joint provided
with from 11-14 circular sensoria of various sizes in a row over th(^ whole length;
the 4 th with 5-7 similar sensoria. The latter form is apterous, but the 3rd antennal
joint is provided with mure than 10 sensoria and the Iwdy is shorter, as in tlie
winged vivij)arous female. In tJie author's opinion this is an interniediate.

Oregma japonica n. sp.

(PI. V,B, tigs. 1-2)

Wingless viviparous female.

Almost black; head and tliorax somewliat brownish. Eyes black. Antennae
and legs brownish black. Body rather flat,, very wide, covered with wax. Head
fused with tJie prothorax, provided witli many long bristles which are almost as long
as the first antennal joint. Hornlets short, much shorter than the 2nd antennal joint,
rather sharply jwinted. Antennae 4-joint<!d, provided with a few bristles; the 3rd
joint with the apical sensorium very small; the 4th somewhat imbricated on tlie distal
part; the relative length of joints as follows: III-'.i3, IV-22. Hostrum stout, not
reaching the middle coxae. Abdomen nearly circular, provided with some mode-
rately long bristles. Cornicles large, much wider than long. Cauda much wider
than long, constricted at the base provided with some bristles. Anal plate divided
into two lobes. Legs provided with many long fine hairs; hind tarsi longer than the
3rd antennal joint.

Head on the dorsal surface l)elween the eyes pruvided witli two [iuirs of groups

Aphididae of Formosa. — 3. 117

of very small, circular wax-pores; the number of these wax-pores: front group-:? or

4; hind group-5 7. Pronotum with a pair of grouj)fl of wax-pores whicli are

rather irregular in shape, not distiuet, and numbering about 22 in eaeh group, on the
dorsum between the lateral wax-})ores. Each thoracic and the first 7 abdominal
segments, on the sides, with a group of wax-jxires which are large and circular; the

numbf^r of these wax-pores in a group being as follows: pronotum-7 8, meso-

notum-8, metanotum-6 7; the 1st abdominal segment -4 (5, the 2nd alKl.-6, the

3rd abd.-6 9, the 4th abd.-7 9, the 5th abd.-5 6, the 6th abd.-7 8, the 7th

abd.-ll 12; the 8th abdominal segment with 15 16 wax-pores in a group at

the middle of the dorsum.

Length of body-ab<nit 1.7 mm. Antenna-about. 0.25 mm.

Hotit.-Bambtuia s-p., attacking the leaf.

Distribution.-Japan : Oita-prefecture (Hayamiguu); Tokyo.

Some wingless viviparous females were collected by ]\Ir. K. Uye on Jan. 1,
1923.

Many wingless viviparous females and their nymphs were collected by the
author in June, 1923, at Tokyo.

In the specimens from Toky" the hornlets on the head are almost sis long as
the 2nd antennal joint, and the antennae are somewhat longer and sometimes S-joi-
nted, though the 3rd and 4th joints are not well defined with the relative length of
joints about as follows: III-33, IV-25.

This aphis is very inactive and groups very densely like most otiicr S2)ccies of
the genus Orcf/ma.

Astegopteryx distyfoliae Takah.

Nipjxmnphiti dinliifoUiu', Takaliashi, Bull. Brooklyn Entom. Soc, xv, 4, p.
115 and Dobutsugaku Zasshi, xxxii, p. 195 (1920).

Asteffoptoyx didyfolkw, Takaliashi, Aphididae of Formosa-2, p. 148 (1923).

NijyponapluH dixlylit, Essig and Kuwana (in part), Proc. Calif. Acad. S(!.,
viii, 3, p. 109 (1918).

Winged viviparous temale
(Second generation)

Head, eyes, antennae, mesothorax and legs almost black. Abdomen brownish
yellow. Wings pale dusky, veins pale gray to pale brownish. Body oblong. Head
small, with a few very short hairs. Eyes large, with the ocular tubercles very small.
Frontal tubercles lacking. Antennae short, stout, 5-jointed; the lat and 2ud joints

118 R. Takahashi

fiubeqtial in length; the 3rd provided with about 1.5 or 14 encirclingigcnRoria; the 4th
and 5th each with about 6 or 7 similar sensoria; the 5tli furnislied witii a few hairs
at the apex; tJic relative lengtJi of joints about aR follows: III-40, IV-18, V-18.
Rostrum not reaching the middle coxae. Thorax large. Fore wings very wide,
stigma large; snlx!08ta with about 5 minute sensoria at the base and about 5 very
small ones about the middle; the 1st oblique stouter than the remaining veins; the
1st and -nd obliques united at their bases; the 3rd obsolete at the base, once branched;
Ktigmatic vein reaching the apex of the wing; hind wings with '2 divergent obliques;
booklets 2. Spiracles somewhat protuberant. Abdomen without hairs. Cornicles
small, represented almost as pores. Cauda much wider tlian long, rtnuided, not
constricted at the base. Anal plate moderately bilobed.

Legs moderately long, slender; tibiae and tarsi somewhat imbricated, with a
few setae; hind tarsi almost as long as the 5th antennal joint, provided with 4 very
long capitate hairs.

Length of body-about 1.3 mm. Antcniui-about 0.40 mm.

Fore wing-about 2.1 mm.

There are some errors in the original description that have lx!cu corrected
above.

Aphididae of Formosa.— 3. 119

Food plant catalogue
of the Formosan Aphididae

(Supplement)

Ageratum conyzoides L. (Compositae).

AniiraphiK helichrvsl Kalt.
Anona sp. (Auonaceae)

Toxoptera auraiitii lioyer.
Artemisia papillaris TJiuiib. (Compositae).
Anuraphis artemisiae Takah.
Cryptosiphum artemisiae Buekt.
Artemisia vulgaris Ij. var. indica Max.

Macrosipluim species.
AnuuHnaria sp. (Gramineae).

Myzocallis tl)rmosanus Takali.
Myzoeallis sp.
Bambusa sp. ( Gramineae )

Orcgma koshunensifi Takah.
O. pseudomontana Takali.

Bidens pilosa L. ( Compositae)
Anuraphis helichrysi Kalt.
Blumea balsamifera L. (Compositae).
Aphis sp.

Ma<Ti>siplnim gobonis Mats.
Breynia officinalis Hemsl. (EuplK>rbiaceae)

Aphis gossypii Glov.
Castanopsis subacuminata Hay. ( Cupuliferae )
Eutrichosiphum lithocarpi Maki.
Greenidea tenuicorpus Okaj.
Chenopodium album Ij. (Chenopodiaoeac)

Hyalopterus chenopodii Schrank.
(!hrysautliemum coronarium L. (Compositae).

Macrosiphum golwnis Mats.
Chrysanthemum sinensis Sab.

Rhopalosiphum lahorensis Das.

120 R- Takahashi

Cirfiium jiiponicum Do. (Compositae).

CapitoplioniH l)raggii Gillette.

C. sp.

Clematis fouriana Eoxb. (Raimnculacoac)

Eriosoma clematicola Takali.
ClematiB sp.

Maci'osiplium sp.

Myzus varians Davidson.
Cocoa sp. ( Palmae )

Cerataphis formosanns Takah.
Coriandnim sativum L. ( Umljelliferae )

Bracliycolus lieraelci Takah.
DaucuR parota L. ( Umbelliferae )

Bracliypolus lieraclei Takali.
Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro. (Gramiiieae)

Oregma alexanderi Takah.

O. formosana Takah.

Ehretia buxifolia Roxb. (Boragineae)

Toxoptera aurantii Boyer.
Elepliantopus mollis H, B. K. (Compositae).

Aphis gossypii Glov.
Emilia soncliifoliae De. (Compositae)

Aphis malvoides Y. d. Goot.
Eriobotrya deflax (Rosaceae).

Aphis gossypii Glov.
Fagara cuspidata Champ. (Rutaceae)

Apliis sp.
Gramineae, a plant of.

Macrosiphum sp.
Lactuca debilis Benth. et Hook. (Compositae).

Macrosiphum sp.
Leonurus sibiricus L. (Labiatae).

Aphis gossypii Glov. (-^yn. Toxoptera leonuri Takali.)
Lindera glauca Bl. var. kawakamii Hay. (Laurineae)

Aiceona actinodaphnii Takah.

Aphididae of Formosa. — S. \ 2 1

Nerium odoruiu Solaud. ( Apucyiiiicwu;)

Myzus pcrsicae Siilz.
Oplismcnus compositus Buiuiv. (Gmiiiiiicuu)

Oregma oplismcni Takali.
Ouropariii formosana Hay. (Rubiaceac)

Ajiliis sp.
Pcrilla ocymoidcs L. ( T/ibiatac )

Macro.sipliuiu [)eiillau Takali.
Pctasitos trk'Jiolobus Fr. ( Compos iLac)

Apliis petasiticola Takali.
Pi mis sp.

Dilaclimis formosaiius Takali.

Unilaclmus oricntalis Takali.
Plaiitago major L. (Plautagincac)

^[yzus plantagiiicus Pass?
I'oUiiiia ciliata Ti'iu. (Ciramiucao)

Paracletus cynodonti l)as.
Polygonum multiflorum Tliuiib. ( I'Dlygmiacuae)

Myzus persicae Sulz.
Pniiuis transarisaiK'usis Ilay. (Rosai^cae)

Myzus sp.
Salviuia uataus. (Salviniaceae)

Rliopalosipbiim nympliaeac Jj.
Sctaria glauca Beau v. (Gramineae)

Maurosiphum granarium Kirby.
Smilax stuuopcitala A. Gr. (Liliaceaii).

Macrosiplium smilacicola Takali.
Tcutoua graudis L. (\^erbenaceae)

Aphis malvae KocJi.
Tliua japouica Tlumb. (Teriistrocmiaceae)

Macrosiplium t'ilric(da v. d. tioot.
( I Tost unknown)

Ai(!eoua osugii U'likaJi.

Amplioi'opbora sp.

Explanation of Plates.

Plate I.
A

Miwroitiphiim xp. (on C/cmdh's xp.)
(Wingless viviparons female)

Fig. 1 Cornicle.

Fig. 2 Head.

Fig. 3 Cauda (dorsal view)

Fig. 4 Cauda (lateral virw)

B

Mdcroxijjlunii sml/iicifit/iiir Talciili.
(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 1 Corniele

Fig. 2 Cauda

Figs. 3-4 Ease of tlie 3rd antennal joint.

Jifaeromphum r/rantmvm Kirby. (on iWttcdiil/iiix up.)
(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 5 Cauda

^fijzHK rnrlanx Davidson?

(Wingless viviparous femab;)

Eig. 6 Head

Fig. 7 Cornicle.

'»•

Plate n.

A

^^ftC1•of>ip/ntm (dopeetiri Takali.

(Winged viviparous female)

Fig. 1 Head.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 2 Cauda.

Fig. 3 Cornicle.

Fig. 4 Base of tlie 3rd antennal joint.

Fig. 5 Coruiclo of full-grown nym]ili.

Amplioropliora ricidf (Kalt.)

(A\'iiiH'(Hl viviparous icmnlc)
(Collected at Tokyo)

Fig. 6 Cornicle.

Fig. 7 Cauda.

B

Apfils >!jj. (on Sfifi.r yp.)

(Wingless vivi]xiious female)

Fig. 1 Hind tarsi.

Fig. 2 Cornicle.

Fig. 3 Head.

Fig. 4 Cauda.

^[(icroxiplmm sp. (on Arfemixin r-u/f/are var. imUrn)
(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig 5 (_'auda.

]\I(tcm>iip1nnn tdnacctitrium Kalt.
(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 6 Cauda.

Figs. 7-8 Cornicle.

Fig. !' Cauda of fidl-grnwn nympli

(liairs removed)
Fig. 10 Cornicle of full-grown nympli.

Plate III.
A

(~h/fipf<TU.^ hdidirn/iiohahiiii Kirk.

Figs. 1-4 Fggs.

S/iiriipliis cc/ti I'>as.

Fig. 5 Ovum (taken out of the body)

('fipitnp}ion(fi l>mr/gi Gillette.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 6 Cornicle.

B

(lirciiidni formoxdna ISIaki.

( Nympli iif vivi]iarous female)

Fig. 1 Hind part of abdopK^i of tljc^

1st instar.

Fig. 2 ('iiruicl(M)f tlio Ist, iiisUir.

Fig. 3 Cornicle of the 2u(l ingtar.

Fig. 4 Hair.

Fig. 5 Cauda and anal plate of tli(^ 4(li

instar.
Xcop/iyflap/iis jiodocarpi Takali.

( Nynipli of wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 6 Cauda of tlie 1st instar.

Fig. 7 Cauda of the 3rd instar.

Fig. S Cornicle of the 4tli instar.

Fig. 9 ....Anal plate of adult.

Plate rv.
A

}ri(crosip/iin)i sji. (on Arlnitixid ni/r/iii'i' var. iii<lic(i)
(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 1 Cornicle.

Bmchyttipliovirlhi r/naniiii Takali.

(Full-grown nymph of winged viviparous female)

Fig. 2 Coniicle.

Fig. 3 Cauda.

Fig. 4 Head

Fig. 5 Cauda of adidt (lateral view)

AM('C)opteryx qucrricola Takali.

(Xvmph of wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 6 The 1st instar (antennae and

legs removed)

Fig. 7 Antenna of the Ist instar.

Fig. 8 Antenna of grown nymph.

(Nympli of winged viviparous female)

Fig. 9 .Aiitennn of the 1st instar.

Fig. 1'^ Antenna of the 2ud instar.

Fig. 11 Antenna of the 3rd instar.

B

Adeg'opieryx (/urrclcotd Takali.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. I A.<liil( (dorsal view)

Fig. 2 Anal plate.

Fig. 3 Wax protruding from the mar-
gin of body (the 1st instar)
A>tfe(jopt<'n/x firi Takah.

Fig. 4 Antenna of nymph of Un: 1st

instar.
AinirnpJiin (uieminiac n. sp.

f Winged viviparous female)

Fig. 5 Cornicle.

Fig. 6 , Cauda.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 7 Cornic-le

Fig.s 8-i) Cauda

Ap/iifi pctai^itiro/d n. sp.

(Wingless viviparous female)
Fig. 10 Head.

Plate V.
A

S/iinvphin cc/ti Das.

Fig. 1 Head of male.

]\racroi(ij)l)vm up-, (on a plant of the (irmninrae)
(Wingless vivipannis female)

Fig. 2 Cornicle.

Fig. 3 Cauda.

]\r(iproK)plm:m nlopcniri Takali.

(Winged viviparous female)

Fig. 4 Canda.

Fig. 5 Cornicle.

Aslcf/n])lfn/T (firiTicohi Takjlh.

(Nymph of winged viviparous female)

Fig. (5 Antenna of full-grown nymph.

Fig. 7 Wax-pores on the liead of full-
grown nymph..

B

Onyinn jdjionica n. sp.

(Wingless vivip.arous i'omalc)

Fig. 1 lluiul iiiul proiiiituiu.

Fig. 2 Cauda.

Adcyoplcri/x. Jici Takal).

Fig. ;3 Nymph of wiuglrss viviparidis

female (TJie l«t. iustur)
(Nympli of wiuged viviparous female)

Fig. -1 A.utenna (the 4tli ius(ar)

Fig. 5 Cornicle ( „ )

Fig. 6 Tubercle on Uie (lorsum( „ )

Fig. 7 Cauda ( „ )

Plate VI.
A

Axt('(l<>ptcrii.r sfi/rarifi)/(i Takah.

Fig. 1 Calls.

Fig. 2 A branchlel. in (lie gall.

Mipiix mritiii-1 Davidson?

Fig. 3 Head of winged vivijiarous

female.
(Jipi(oj)liiiriin lir(ii/(/ii Gillette.

(Wingless viviparous female)
Fig. 4 Cauda.

'»■

Fig. Head.

E

] fild/d/iliriix rlKiiiiiKiflii (iSchraid-;).
(AVinglcHS viviparous fenuile)

Fig. 1 Cauda

Figs. 2-3 Cornicle.

Fig. 4 Hind tarsi.

(Wingi^d viviparous female)

Piiv. 5 Cornicle.

(Fnll-growu nymph of winged viviparous Icmalc

Fig. 6 Cauda.

Fig. 7 Cornicle.

(Winged male)

Fig. f> Ccirnirlo.

Uhupdlo-^qiluiin fahorciisis (Das), (on L'/irifaiil/irinum sji.)
(Wingless vivipardus female)

Fig. 9 Cauda.

Fig. 10 Coniielc.

Fig. !1 Head.

Fig. I'i A.nal plate.

Fig. 13 ..TTiiir on IIk; alid(jincn.

(h-ii/md jixriKlomoiilaiKi n. sp.

(Wingless vivipfxrmis female)

Fig. 14 Head.

Plate VII.
A

( h'l ipiui ii.^('ii(l())ti(iiihtii<i n. sp.

(Wingless viviparmis female)

Fig. 1 Head (Icfl lalf).

JIi/'Ks iixipicdUx Takali.

(A\'ingless viviparous female)

Fig. 2 Cauda.

(Winged viviparous female)

Fig. 3.' Cauda.

Fig. 4 Corniele.

( Nvni})]] of wingless fm'm)

Fig. 5 Head of tlie 3rd instar.

( '(iritriilla nritcdprcuc Takah.

(Nymph of viviparous female)

Fig. 6 Cornicle of the 1st instar.

Fig. 7 Antenna of tlie 1st instar.

Fig. 8 Corniele of the 4th instar (Wing-
ed form).

Fig. Cauda of tlie same.

(Wingless vivipar<uis i'einalc).

Fig. 10 Cauda, (hairs removed).

Cairirirl/a vcocnpreae Takali.

( VViuglf ss viviparous female )

I^ig- 1 Horn above the Cauda.

Fig. 2 ..Cornicle.

Tncliosiphonaj)hispolygonifo'nnosanux lakali.

Fig. 3 Head of \oung nymph.

Fig. 4 Cornicle of nymph.

Fig. 5 Cauda of full-grown nymph of

wingless viviparous female
(hairs removed).

Fig. 6 Head of the same.

Fig. " Head of full-grown nymph of

winged viviparous female.
BIiojMlosiphvm j^fteudohrassicae ( Davis ) .
(Winged viviparous female)

Fig. 8 Cauda of full-grown nymph.

Fig. 9 Cornicle of the same.

Fig. 10 Cornicle of adult.

Fig. 11 Cauda of adult.

Plate Vni.

A

Trkhosi2:ilioivt.pIiis poljif/oniformomiuiji Takah.

Fig. 1 Cauda of full-grown nymph of

winged viviparous female.
Oregma bumbimfoUae Takah.

(Nympli of viviparous female)

Fig. 2 Horns on the head of the 1st

instar.

Fig. 3 Horns of the 2nd instar.

Fig. 4 Horns of the 3rd instar (wing-
ed form).

Fig. 5 Horns of the 4th instar (winged

form ] .

Fig. 6 Abdominal apex of the same.

Fig. 7 Cornicle of the same (hairs

removed).

(Wingles^s viviparous female)

Fig. 8 Head.

Nfopliorodon ruhi Takali.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 9 Head (hairs removed).

Fig. 10 Tubercle on the 2nd antennal

'oint.
(Full-grown nymph of winged form)

Fig. 11 Basal part of antenna.

B

MdcroA'iphum periUae n. sp.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 1 Cauda.

Fig. 4 Trochanter and basal part of

femur.

Fig. -1 Cornicle.

(Winged vivii)arous female)

Fig. 2 Head.

Fig. 3 Cornicle.

<Jcrvap)lui< qucrcus Takali.

(Winged viviparous female)

Fig. 6 Head.

Fig. 7 Cornicle.

Fig. 8 Horn on the head.

Plate IX.
A

Ncophytlnphifi jMcIocarpi Takali.
(Winged male)

Fig. 1 Sensoria on the 3rd antennal

"oint.
(Winged vivip:irous female)

Fig. 2 Sensoria on the 3rd antennal

Joint.

Fig. 3 Sensoria on tlie hind tibia.

Fig. -4 Anal plate.

Fig. 5 Cauda.

Fig. 6 Fore wing.

(Winged oviparous female)

Fig. 7 Cauda (lateral view)

Fig. 8 Cauda (dorsal view)

3Ii/zusf poli/ijom' (v. d. Gmit).
(Wingless viviparous female)
Fig. 9 Head.

B

Mysusf poliirfoni (v. d. Gout)

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 1 Cornicle.

Fig. 2 Cauda.

Amplwrophorn tdiminirm Takali.
(Wingless viviparous female)

Figs, 3-4 Cornicle.

Maa^Ofiiphum cKfikii n. sp.

(Wingless vivi]vuous female)

Fig. 5 Head.

Fig. 6 Corniele.

Fig. 7 3rd anteniuil joint.

Plate X.
A

I'dtdtid sp'tnu'de n. sj>.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 1 Cornicle

Fig. 2 Bristle on tlie Lody

3Ti/zocn//!x fonnos<niii.-< u. sj).

(Winged viviparous female)

Fig. 3 Head.

M(l('rox',])ltuin yiiii/acico/fr n. sp.

Fig. 4 Seuscu-iii cm tihia.

Fig. 5 Sensoria on femur.

Eriowma clnndtirohi n. sp.

Fig. 6 Wax-pores on tlie lody of

wingless fomalt'.

Kwisakia jur/fimdico/d Takah.

Fig. 7 Fore wing of viviparous female

Fig. 8 Hind wing.

Aiceona om/.ffii n. sp.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 9 Cauda (hairs removed)

Fig. 11 Eyes.

Fig. 10 Fore wing of viviparous female

B
Aiceona osugii n. sp.

Fig. 1 Cornicle of M'ingless viviparous

female.
Aicmnn ncUimdaplmii Takah.

Fig. 2 Cornicle of winged viviparous

female.
Crrafa2}Iiif< formosamifi n. sp.

Fig. 3 Horns on the head of wingless

viviparous female.
Orcf/ma aJexaiidcri n. sp.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 4 Cornicle

Fig. 5 Anal plate

Fig. 12 Head

Orcgmn opliftmi'ni n. sp.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 6 Cornicle

Fig. 7 Head

Orerjmn kofihvncnxia n. sp.

Fig. 8 Cornicle of wingless viviparous

female
Oirr/mnformosana u. sp.

(Wingless viviparous female)

Fig. 9 Head

Fig. 10 Cornicle

Oreffinn oricnUi/is Takah.

Fig. 11 Horns on the liead oi wingless

viviparous female.

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Index

Aiceona

actinoflaphnii Takah 77

osngii Takah 76

Aleurodaphis

blumeae v. d. Goot 98

Amphorophora

indica v. d. Goot '07

oleraceae v. d. Goot. 36

sonchifoliae Takah. 39

tahvanaTakali. 39

Auuraphis

arteraisiae Takah. 46

helichrysi Kalt. 46

Aphidella 48

Aphis

nialvoides v. d. Goot'.' 43

miscauthi Takah 45

petasiticola Takah. 42

sacchari Zehut 46

thah'ctri Mats 107

Astegopteryx

cuspidal ae Essig et Kuw 98

distyfoliae Takah 117

fici Takah 96

quercifoki Takah 94

styracicola Takah 92

styracophila Karsch. 93

Brachycolus

heraclei Takah 50

Br.achysiphoniella

gramini Takah 52

Calaphis

magnolicolens Takah 109

Callipterus

kahawaluokalani Kirk 65

I

Capiiophorus

braggii Gillette 33

formosartemisiae Takah. 34

species 34

Cavariella

neocapreae Takah 40

Cerataphis

formosaaus Takah 90

latiiniae Boifd HI

Cervaphis

qiuTcus Takah. 108

Cliroraa])his

carpinicola Takah. 110

Cryptoaiphum

artemisiae Buckt 53

Dilaohniis

formosaims Takah 73

Diveiosiphum

kimugii Shinji. 108

Eriosoma

clematicola Takah. 99

Eulachnus

piniformosaniis Takah 75

Fullawayella

formosana Takah 107

Greenidea

formosana Maki 55

tenuicorpus Okaj 55

Hyalnpterus

chenopodii Schrank 48

Kurisakia

juglandicola Takah PI. X, A, 7-8.

Lachnus

laricicola Mats 115

laricisWalk 115

2

thn>f;)liao Theob 71

Macrosiphum

alopeciiri Takah 17

esakii Takali 101

formosanum Takali 27

gobouis Mats. 21

ueoartemisiae Takali 24

perillae Takah 25

srail ceti Takah. 101

sinilacicola Takah 15

.species 17

species 19

species. 20

species. 21

taiwanum Takah 39

Myzocallis

barabuslfoliae Takah. (iS

formosaiius Takah. 04

pseiidoalni Takah 58

Myzus

plantaginens Pass. .''■O

polygoni v. d. Goot 106

rhois Takah 102

sasakii Mats \0'S

tropicalis Takah 27

varians Davids.? 29

Nectai'osi phum

mitsubautsiigii Shiiri 107

Neophorodon

riibi Takali. ;35,105

Neophyllaphis

podocarpi Takah 69,112

Nipponaphis

distyfoliae Takah 117

Nurndea

shiraii Mats 99

Oregma 78

alexanderi Takah. 81

bami)iisi(!()la Takah 79

bambusifoliae Takah. 85

formosana Takah 88

japonica Takah 116

koshunensis Takah 84

oplismeni Takah 89

oriyntalis Takah 90

panicola Takah 79

pseudomontana Takah 82

Patchia

spiraeae Takah. 114

Pergandeida

thalictri Mats 107

spondylii Koch 107

PscLidolachnus

yomogi Shinji 53

Pterochlorus

roboris L 115

Rhopalosiphum

hemerocallidis Mats 107

indieum v. d. Goot 107

lahorensis Das. 3'(

miuutum Mats 107

Shivaphis

celti Das 66

celticolens Essig et Kuw Ill

Stomaphis

yaiionis Takah 116

Unikchiins

orieutalis Takah 74

Yezoslphum

tl'.alictri Mats 107

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